Biodiversity

1. BIODIVERSITY

2. Biodiversity
-The variety of organisms living on
earth
-Coined from the words Biological
Diversity

3. Levels of Biodiversity
Species Diversity – different kinds of
organisms
Genetic Diversity - genetic information
that organisms contain
Ecosystem Diversity – different kinds of
places that organisms live and the
interconnections that bind these
organisms together

4. Classifying and Naming Organisms
1. Domain
2. Kingdom
3. Phylum
4. Class
5. Order
6. Family
7. Genus
8. Species

5. Binomial System of Classification
-is the way of naming organisms.
-take note that the scientific
name are in Latin language and are
italicized.

6. Archaea Domain:
Kingdom Archaebacteria
1. Methanogens
2. Halophiles
3. Thermophiles

7. Methanogens

8. Halophiles

9. Thermophiles

10. Bacteria Domain: Kingdom Eubacteria
1. Cocci
2. Bacilli
3. Spirilla

11. Cocci

12. Bacilli

13. Spirilla

14. Bacteria in Yogurt

15. Cyanobacteria
• Are plantlike because they have chlorophyll-containing
cells.
• Most are single-celled, some form filaments, while others
form spores.
• They live in and grow in ditches, esteros, or in moist
places like gardens and sidewalls where light is present.

17. Protists
• They differ in size, movement and method of
obtaining energy.
• Most are microscopic, some can grow to as
high as several meters.

18. Protists
1. Phototrophs – they produce their own food.
(algae, dinoflagellates, and euglenoids)
1. Heterotrophs – they feed on other organisms.
2. Sporozoan – they are non motile and form
spores. Mostly parasitic.

20. Fungi
• They have no chlorophyll thus, cannot produce their own
food.
• Some are parasites, because they survive by living in a
host organism.
• Others feed on decaying matter and are called
saprophytes,
• They have walls made of chitin

23. The Plant Kingdom
• They are multicellular because they have
chlorophyll, they can make their own food.
• Consists of two big groups: Nonvascular and
Vascular

24. Nonvascular Plants
• Liveworts, mosses and hornworts are nonvascular
plants.
• They are attached to the places where they live by
means of their root-like rhizoids.
• These rhizoids absorbs water and nutrients instead of
true roots.
• they do not have true stems and leaves so they grow
close to damp grounds, stone walls, or tree trunks.

25. liveworts

26. Mosses

27. hornworts

28. Vascular Plants
• Ferns are vascular plants which thrive on
land with true roots, stems and leaves.
• They reproduce by spores.
• They exhibit diversity in size from a few
millimeters to about 12 meters.

29. Giant Fern

30. Water Fern

31. Tree Fern

32. Gymnosperms
• Seed plants consists of those which
bear seeds contained in cones and
those inside a protective layer of
tissue.
• Plants whose seeds are born in cones.

33. Conifers

34. Cycads

35. Ginkgoes

36. Gnetophytes

37. Angiosperms
• Also called flowering plants, since flowers, as well as
fruits, are involved in their reproduction and
development.
• They can be classified according to their lifespan.
Annuals live for a year, or one growing season and die.
Biennials develop roots, stems and leaves during the
first year, produce seeds on the second year, then die.
Perennials live for many years, usually producing woody
stems.
• Leaves of angiosperms are also arranged alternately,
radially, and opposite each other.

40. • Flowering plants are also classified as
to the number of cotyledons present in
their seeds.
–Monocotyledons/monocots – have only
one cotyledon present
–Dicotyledons/dicots – have two
cotyledons.

41. Monocots

42. dicots

44. What is the importance
of Angiosperms?

45. Importance of Angiosperms
• Angiosperms of importance worth mentioning are Filipinos’
staple food: rice for most of us, corn in some areas,
vegetables like camote tops, malunggay, cabbage, carrots,
saluyot and squash
• Many of our agricultural products, both fresh and processed
are exported. Examples are banana from Davao, mango from
Guimaras, coffee from various provinces, pineapple form
Bukidnon and tobacco from provinces in Northern Luzon.
Furniture made from rattan are also sold to various countries
abroad. Sugar cane from different provinces is also another
grown for export.

46. What is the greatest
contribution of plants
to living things on
Earth?

47. Harmful Plants
• Some plants can be harmful to
animals, humans, and even to other
plants.

48. sorghum

49. Jatropha Curcas

50. Manihot Esculenta

51. Echinochloa Crus-Galli

52. Digitaria Sanguinalis