The document discusses various types of corruption including administrative, political, petty, grand, and public corruption. It provides examples of administrative corruption and grand corruption. It also discusses corruption globally, noting that over $1 trillion is paid in bribes annually according to World Bank estimates. The top 10 least corrupt countries are listed as well as the top 10 most corrupt countries. Corruption in Pakistan is also examined, where it is estimated that 40% of Pakistanis pay bribes, especially those in poorer economic segments. Causes of corruption in Pakistan include a lack of accountability, political interference, and empowerment of citizens. Potential ways to overcome corruption discussed include ending impunity, reforms to public administration and finance, promoting transparency, empowering citizens

1. Corruption

3. Dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those
in power, typically involving bribery

4. Types of Corruption
 Administrative Corruption
 Political Corruption
 Petty Corruption
 Grand Corruption
 Public Corruption

5. Administrative Corruption
The term of " administration corruption" is a technical expression
means the spreading of infringing on public funds and profiteering
from public posts in the society.

6. Political Corruption
Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials for
illegitimate private gain.

7. Petty Corruption
Petty corruption refers to everyday abuse of entrusted power by low- and mid-
level public officials in their interactions with ordinary citizens, who often are
trying to access basic goods or services in places like hospitals, schools, police
departments and other agencies.

8. Grand Corruption
Grand corruption is the abuse of high-level power that benefits the few at the
expense of the many.
Causes serious and widespread harm to individuals and society. It often goes
unpunished.
Example:
Ex-Ukrainian President accused of stealing
US $7.5 billion.

9. Public Corruption
Public corruption involves a breach of public trust and/or abuse of
position by federal, state, or local officials and their private sector
accomplices.

10. Corruption Across the World

11. According to the World Bank estimates, more than
US$1 trillion is paid in bribe every year and according
to one estimate the cross-border flow of proceeds from
corruption, criminal activities and tax evasion is
US$3.61 trillion every year, or the equivalent of 3 to 5
percent of the world’s GDP.

12. The top 10 ranked nations perceived to be the
least corrupt are:
•Denmark
•New Zealand
•Finland
•Sweden
•Switzerland
•Norway
•Singapore
•Netherlands
•Canada
•Germany

13. And the most corrupt countries as ranked on the
Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 are:
•Somalia
•South Sudan
•North Korea
•Syria
•Yemen
•Sudan
•Libya
•Afghanistan
•Guinea-Bissau
•Venezuela

14. What you think about Pakistan!

15. Corruption In Pakistan
Transparency International's 2016 Corruption Perception
Index ranks the country 116th place out of 176
countries Pakistan saw a significant improvement in its statistics.

16. Pakistan stands on 4th position in Asia Pacific Region
1.India — 69% bribery rate
2.Vietnam — 65% bribery rate
3.Thailand — 41% bribery rate
4.Pakistan — 40% bribery rate
5.Myanmar — 40% bribery rate

17. Mostly Corruption occurs in Following:
• Police
• Public Services
• Land Administration
• Tax Administration
• Customs Administration
• Legislation
• Civil Society

18. Corrupt Police
The data gathered by the TI survey also had something to say about corruption in law
enforcement agencies.
The results of the survey show that people in Pakistan believe that their police is highly
corrupt, with over three quarters saying most or all police officers in their country were
corrupt (76%).

20. Why Do We Pay Bribes?

21. We Are Less Empowered
Furthermore, according to the survey, people in Pakistan felt the least empowered with
only a third agreeing that people can make a difference (33%). This was substantially
lower than in any other country.

22. Poor People Pay More Bribes
It was found that about 38% of the people, those who belong to the poorest segments of
the society have paid a bribe.
They have fewer alternative options available to them, or because they have less power
or influence to avoid paying bribes.
In Pakistan, 64% of the poor people paid a bribe compared to 26% of the rich people.

23. Lack of Accountability
Anti Corruption Department
And
National Accountability Bureau
Are not fully active.

24. Political Interference
A major obstacle in the way of accountability and consequently increase in
corruption.

25. Unfortunately We do not carry out sincere
efforts to eliminate corruption.

26. Consequences Of Corruption
Corruption affects us all
 It threatens sustainable economical development
 Ethical Values
 Justice
 Destabilize our society
 Poor building quality
 Layers of additional costs

27. How Can We Overcome Corruption?

28. End Of Impunity
Effective law enforcement is essential to ensure the corrupt are punished and break the
cycle of impunity, or freedom from punishment or loss.

29. Reforms Public Administration and
Finance management
Reforms focusing on improving financial management and strengthening the role of
auditing agencies have in many countries achieved greater impact than public sector
reforms on curbing corruption.

30. Promote Transparency and Access to
Information
Countries successful at curbing corruption have a long tradition of government
openness, freedom of the press, transparency and access to information.
Access to information increases the responsiveness of government bodies.

31. Empower citizens
Strengthening citizens demand for anti-corruption and empowering them to hold
government accountable is a sustainable approach that helps to build mutual trust
between citizens and government.

32. Close International Loopholes
Without access to the international financial system, corrupt public officials throughout
the world would not be able to launder and hide the proceeds of looted state assets.

33. Any Question ?