4. INTRODUCTION
OLDEST METHOD
AUTOCRATIC STYLE
TEACHER IS ACTIVE ,STUDENTS ARE
PASSIVE
CENTRED ON PRESENTATION OF
CONTENT,DOES NOT CONSIDER
LEARNER’S ABILITY,INTEREST &
PERSONALITY
PURPOSE OF THIS METHOD IS TO
ACHIEVE COGNITIVE & AFFECTIVE
OBJECTIVES
6. Types of Lecture
A. Traditional oral essay
The teacher is an orator and the
only speaker.
B. Participatory Lecture
begins with learners
brainstorming ideas on the
lecture topic on what they have
read in preparation
6
7. •
C. Feedback Lecture
Consists with mini lectures
with 10-minute small group
discussion
opportunity to manipulate the
lecture content
•
D. Mediated Lecture
Use of media such as films,
slides, Web-based images
along with traditional lecture.
8
19. Components...
Assess student’s pre-existing knowledgeAssess student’s pre-existing knowledge
They should not simply announce theThey should not simply announce the
topic .topic .
The teacher should relate the student’sThe teacher should relate the student’s
goals and interestgoals and interest for egfor eg:role of nurse.:role of nurse.
Should clarify the objectives and purposeShould clarify the objectives and purpose
of the content.of the content.
Give a way for student’s participation.Give a way for student’s participation.
To maintain interest , teachers shouldTo maintain interest , teachers should
disclose the topic in the form of a story,disclose the topic in the form of a story,
situation or picture.situation or picture.
20. For eg:
• From this picture ,can u guess on what topic
i’m going to deal with?
21. Yes!!!!! u r absolutely correct...
•The patient
in the
“ventilator
”
22. Components....
• THE BODY OF THE LECTURE
organized way (definition,purpose etc..)
Greatest amount of time should be allotted (20-30
min.)
Question – answer techniques to make the students
attentive.
use maxims of teaching to make the student
understand like examples,situations etc..
25. Advantages of the
Lecture Method
It is economical in terms of student
time.
A great deal of information can
be communicated in a one hour
lecture.
More important information can be
taught to a student.
2. The lecturer can supplement a
textbook by enhancing a topic and
making it come to life.
26. 3.The teacher serves as a role
model for students.
4.Lectures bring enjoyment
the learners.
5.It helps students develop
their listening skills.
27. Disadvantages of the
Lecture Method
1. It provides itself to the teaching of the
facts while placing little emphasis on
problem solving, decision making,
analytical thinking, or transfer of
learning. (Black. 1993)
3. Lecturing is not helpful to meeting
students’ individual needs.
5. Lecturing brings the problem of limited
attention cover on the part of the
learners.
28. Delivering the Lecture
Control your anxiety.
An effective control mechanism
is imaging.
2. Spontaneity
Avoid reading to the class.
Do not write your lecture out in
full sentences.
Rehearse the delivery at home.
29. 3. Voice quality
Beware of lecturing in monotone.
4. Body language
Do not stand glued to the podium
Use your hand for emphasis but
too much.
Be aware of your body language.
.
not
Maintain eye contact.
30. 4. Speed of delivery
Affects both the learner’s
understanding and enjoyment of
the material.
4. Getting of the right foot
Casual conversation for a minute
to establish rapport
Give an opening “attention getter”
33. Lecturing is a common method for delivering a lot of
material to students. In a lecture, the teacher stands in
front of the room and explains the material. While you
should not lecture to your students every day, there is a
time and a place for a lecture, especially in the upper
grades. Lectures will often provide students with the
greatest amount of material in the shortest amount of
time. Further, helping students work on taking notes
during lectures will give them an important skill for their
future educational careers.
33
34. • Lecture Method: It is oldest teaching method given by
philosophy of idealism. As used in education, the lecture
method refers to the teaching procedure involved in
clarification or explanation of the students of some major
idea. This method lays emphasis on the penetration of
contents.
• Teacher is more active and students are passive but he also
uses question answers to keep them attentive in the class.
It is used to motivate, clarify, expand and review the
information. By changing Ms Voice, by impersonating
characters, by shifting his posing, byusing simple devices, a
teacher can deliver lessons effectively, while delivering his
lecture; a teacher can indicate by her facial expressions,
gestures and tones the exact slode of meaning that he
wishes to convey.
34
35. • Helping Students with Lectures
35
• Note taking can be a difficult task for many students.
• One example of a verbal clue is repetition. If you repeat a
point two or three times, students should realize that it is
important and is something they need to write down and
remember.
36. • What are Some of the Advantages of the Lecture Method
• of Teaching?
• The teacher controls the topic, aims, content, organization,
sequence, and rate. Emphasis can be placed where the teacher
desires.
• The lecture can be used to motivate and increase interest, to clarify
and explain, to expand and bring in information not available to the
students, and to review.
• The number of students listening to the lecturer isn't important.
• Students can interrupt for clarification or more detail.
• The lecture can be taped, filmed, or printed for future use.
• Other media and demonstrations can be easily combined with the
lecture.
• The lecture can be easily revised and updated.
• The teacher can serve as a model in showing how to deal with issues
and problems.
• Students are used to the lecture method. 36
37. • Advantages
• Gives the instructor the chance to expose students to
unpublished or not readily available material.
• Allows the instructor to precisely determine the aims,
content, organization, pace and direction of a
presentation. In contrast, more student-centered
methods, e.g., discussions or laboratories, require the
instructor to deal with unanticipated student ideas,
questions and comments.
• Can be used to arouse interest in a subject.
• Can complement and clarify text material.
• Complements certain individual learning preferences.
Some students depend upon the structure provided by
highly teacher-centered methods.
• Facilitates large-class communication.
37
38. • What are Some of the Disadvantages of the Lecture
Method?
• Some of the students may already know the content of the
lecture while some may not be ready for the lecture.
• It is difficult to maintain student interest and attention for a
full hour of lecture.
• The communication is mostly one-way communication from
the teacher to her students. Usually there is little student
participation. The students who do participate are few
in number and tend to be the same students each class.
• Most students have not learned to take good notes.
• Lecture information is forgotten quickly, during and after
the lecture.
• The lecture method encourages student dependence on the
teacher. 38
39. • Disadvantages
• Places students in a passive rather than an active role, which
hinders learning.
• Encourages one-way communication; therefore, the lecturer
must make a conscious effort to become aware of student
problems and student understanding of content without
verbal feedback.
• Requires a considerable amount of unguided student time
outside of the classroom to enable understanding and long-
term retention of content. In contrast, interactive methods
(discussion, problem-solving sessions) allow the instructor
to influence students when they are actively working with
the material.
• Requires the instructor to have or to learn effective writing
and speaking skills. 24
40. Advantages of Lecture Method: The lecture method
provides for the effective use of time and manpower in that the
instructor can present many ideas to a large group in a
relatively short period of time. Also, the lecture method can be
used to supplement other methods of instruction.
Disadvantages of Lecture Method: The lecture method
limits the amount of student participation. A lecture is
inadequate for teaching hands-on skills and it is not an
effective method for maintaining student interest.
.
40
41. • Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Lecture –
• Advantages
–Many ideas in a short time
–Good for introducing a subject
–Establishing a common understanding of
Principles or facts
• Disadvantages
–Lack of student participation
–Little check of understanding
–May present too much information
–Encourages student passiveness
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42. At the end….
Summarize main points
Restate the premise
Return to the opening question
Tie all the pieces together
Lay groundwork for next
lesson
43. References..
28
Michael Bassey Learning methods in tertiary
education. Internal paper Nottingham Regional
College of Technology 1968.
Edward R. Tufte: The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint:
Pitching Out Corrupts Within (Cheshire, Connecticut
: Graphics Press, 2006, 2nd edition).
ISBN 0-9613921-5-0 The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint
