HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
Cognition and learning in education
1. COGNITION
Highly evolved functions of brain different from
animals.
Different meanings in different sciences.
Ability to know.
2. COMPONENTS
1. Conscious status.
2. Attention
3. Orientation
4. Speech and Language
5. Memory
3. NON COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS
1. Appearance and Behaviour
2. Mood and thought process
3. Perceptions
4. Abstracting ability
5. Judgment and Insight
4. CONSCIOUSNESS
Means remaining awake and being interested in what
is happening.
Major brain and brain stem maintain arousal and
consciousness.
5. ATTENTION
Capacity to direct and maintain ones focus on matters
of particular interest.
Sustained attention – Concentration.
7. SPEECH AND LANGUAGE
1. COMPREHENSION - Understanding
2. REPETITION – Repeating what others say
3. EXPRESSION – Spontaneously writing and speaking
22. SHORT TERM MEMORY
1. Learnt form of memory
2. Limited amount of information
3. Brief period of time
4. Working memory
23. WORKING MEMORY
High functional role in every day life
Writing under dictation
Understanding and producing speech.
Manipulating mental images
24. WORKING MEMORY
1. Activates and manipulates information stored in
long term memory.
2. Updates information
25. WORKING MEMORY
1. Inhibition of unwanted information
2. Selective attention to desired information
26. WORKING MEMORY
1. Does complex processing tasks.
2. Coordinate verbal and visuospatial stores.
27. WORKING MEMORY
Independent verbal system
2. Independent visuospatial system
3. Integrating system called central executive
28. EPISODIC MEMORY
1. Memory linked to time and period
2. Memory related to events.
3. Buying a new dress, from a particular store for a
particular function.
31. ENCODING
Strength of Encoding depends on depth of processing
performed.
Semantic processing and cognitive elaboration of
information reinforces its strength.
Positively influences subsequent retrieval.
Then consolidated and stored in long term memory.
32. STORAGE
The process of keeping the encoded information
secure in brain for future use.
36. FREE RECALL
Ability to retrieve information actively from memory
Eg. What is the capital of Maharastra - Mumbai
37. CUED RECALL
Retrieval of information facilitated by cues.
Who is the PM assasinated by Body guards?
She is daughter of Nehru, Mrs.Indira Gandhi.
38. RECOGNITION
1. The capacity to acknowledge that an information has
previous been encountered.
2. What is Joules constant
3. I know there is a Joules constant but not able to re-
collect what is it
39. SITE OF MEMORY
Dominant – Verbal
Non dominant – Visuospatial
45. CREATIVITY
Depends on multiple modality based intelligence
Non dominant hemisphere
Over development of highly evolved associative areas
of brain
46. NON SCHOLASTIC PERFORMANCE
CURIOSITY
READYNESS TO LEARN
INTEREST
PERSISTENCE
AMBITION
MOTIVATION
PROPERTY VARY FROM PERSON TO PERSON
NOT MEASURES OF INTELLIGENCE
47. POOR SCHOLASTIC PERFORMANCE
Poor inherited intelligence
Disorder of Brain
Identify noncognitive skills
Use procedural memory
49. RIGHT HEMISPHERE
Dominant in perception and identification of
environmental and non verbal sounds.
Analysis of geometric and visual space
Depth perception 3 D
55. LEFT VS RIGHT
Left hemispherical speech unempathetic and
mechanical; right shows emotion.
Left synthesizes over time; right over space.
Left concentrates on conceptual similarities; right over
visual similarities.
Left codes in terms of language; right in terms of
images.
Left shows selective and sequential attention;right
shows sustained attention.
56. LEFT VS RIGHT
Left analyses in sequential way focusing on words like
solving a maths problem step by step.
Right focuses on whole image and processes
information in imaginative and simultaneous way.
Left is like a serial processor of a computer; right is like
a parallel processor.
58. LEFT VS RIGHT
LEFT RIGHT
Logical Random
Rational Holistic
Analytical Imaginative
Objective Subjective
Looks parts Looks details
Serial Parallel
59. RIGHT & LEFT
Digital brain Left
Reading, writing, calculating and analysis
Right Analogue Brain
3D size, creativity, arts
60. IDENTIFICATION
Left hemisphere dominant student like to work alone
Finds interest in research and analysis
Writing Paper
Interested in details.
Studies object part by part.
61. RIGHT HEMISPHERE STUDENT
Work in company
Students in class room
Enjoy art projects
Interested in hands on activity
62. GIVING DIRECTION
Left hemisphere
Go straight 2kms turn to right and then left, go straight
for 2kms, turn right and then right and go straight.
63. GIVING DIRECTION
Right hemisphere
Go straight, identify Nellaiappar temple, cross RMKV,
Tower and VOC ground.
64. LEFT TEACHING
Write an outline on board. Sequences
Conduct lectures Verbal dependent
Vocabulary crosswords Verbal
Discuss in detail Likes concepts
Individual assignments Likes to work alone
Research paper Likes analysis
Quite room Dislike distraction
65. RIGHT TEACHING
No outlines Not analytical
Study guide Visual clues
OHPS, slides Visual comprehension
Group discussion Learns in company
Project work Good at arts
Maps & graphs Visuospatial skills
A picture worth thousand words.
66. Whole brain teaching better than stereotyped one.
Incorporating right hemispherical skills which are less
utilized may help studentS learn better.
67. Working memory is essential for new learning.
Learned matter needs to be retained for longtime to
improve performance.
This needs deeper encoding.
68. Deeper encoding and stronger consolidation needs
repetitive reading.
Semantic processing and cognitive eloboration i e
eloborate reading and understanding of factual
knowledge improves encoding and thus learning.
69. Repeatedly doing a thing or reading makes the recall
easier one and makes it reflexive like a number table.
70. Cognitive skills become basics of learning and proper
utilization of them leads to success.