1. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
JOGINPALLY B. R. ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(Affiliated to JNTU-H, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)
Yenkapally(v),Moinabad(M),R.R.Dist-75
2012-2013
Seminar
On
HANDOVER SUCCESS RATE IN 2G
Bachelor of Technology
In
Electronics & Communication Engineering
Under the esteemed guidance of
E.Mahesh
B.Tech., M.Tech
Assistant Professor
Presented by
CH.SHIVASAGAR (09J21A0423)
D.RAJENDER (09J21A0433)
3. AIM
The increasing number of cellular telephone user
which previously as a prestige symbol only and now
most of user rely on cellular telephone for their daily
activity. With the increasing number of cellular
telephone application and the mobile movement of user
also increase, therefore the improvement of quality of
service have to be done by operator of cellular telephone
to give a good service to their customer.
Handover performance is of great importance as far
as quality of service is concerned. The success rate of a
handover should be more to get good quality of service.
4. INTRODUCTION
Mobility is the most important feature of a wireless
cellular communication system. Usually, continuous
service is achieved by supporting handoff (or
handover) from one cell to another.
Handover:
Handoff is the process of changing the channel
(frequency, time slot, spreading code, or combination
of them) associated with the current connection while
a call is in progress. It is often initiated either by
crossing a cell boundary or by a deterioration in
quality of the signal in the current channel.
5. Mobile phone is active,
e.g. a call takes place
Service continuation
without interruption
HANDOVER
8. The quality of the network is ultimately determined by
the satisfaction of the users of the network, the
subscribers.
Drive tests give the 'feel' of the designed network as it
is experienced in the field. The testing process starts with
selection of the 'live' region of the network where the tests
need to be performed, and the drive testing path.
Before starting the tests the engineer should have the
appropriate kits that include mobile equipment (usually
three mobiles), drive testing software (on a laptop), and a
GPS (global positioning system) unit.
9. There are many tools available in the market for Drive test
Some of them are
•TEMS (Ericsson)
•Genex Probe (Huawei)
•AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES(HP)
•Lucent – LDAT post processing tool
•Motorola – CentinelLocation Plot Tool
•Andrew Corp – Invex3G & Interpreter
•SAFECO WALKABOUT for Inbuilding coverage
10.
11.
12. Advantages:
1.Call drop ratio will be decreased.
2. It increases the reliability of transmission.
3. Reduces the transmit power requirement for each link used.
1. Since information must be sent over multiple links, that
repetition decreases the efficiency of resource utilization.
2. More transmitted signals may mean more energy in the air, which
means more interference to the radio environment in the
downlink direction.
13. 1) Live TV on move
With the help of handover we can watch live TV without any
disturbances or distractions while moving.
2) Continuous download
With the help of handover we can browse the internet and
download data continuously i.e. without any disturbances, while
moving from one location to another location.
14. PARAMETERS WHICH WE SEE DURING DRIVE TEST
We observe two types of parameters during our drive test. They are:
1. Radio parameters
The radio parameters are Rx Level, Rx Quality, BER, FER, C/I, MS- DTX.
2. Hopping parameters
The hoping parameters are MAIO, Hopping sequence number
18. The project has been a great experience for us with in a period of time.
We have developed the project for ZONTA and thus had an excellent
opportunity to work in real time environment and to learn a lot.
The system has been found to work for effectively and efficiently and
will be implemented in a short period of time.
After I completed the project I learn the following knowledge/concepts
1. GSM technology
2. What is HOSR, what are the reasons for low HOSR.
3. How to fix the HOSR problems.
4. How to analyze the HOSR reports.
5. How to use TEMS tool.
19. Handoffs are achieving many desirable features
simultaneously;
e.g., seamlessness, autonomy, security, correctness, and
adaptability.
The development of cognitive handoffs is a challenging task that
has
not been properly addressed in the literature. Therefore, we
proposed
a new model-driven methodology for developing cognitive
handoffs.
By improving the handover success rate we can improve the
quality of
the service which helps the improvement of GSM technology and
3G.
20. [1] M. Gudmundson, Analysis of handover algorithms, Proc. IEEE VTC ’91,
pp. 537–542, May 1991.
[2] V. Kapoor, G. Edwards, and R. Snkar, Handoff criteria for personal
comm. networks, Proc. IEEE ICC ’94, pp. 1297–1301, May 1994.
[3] G. P. Pollini, Trends in handover design, IEEE Commun. Magazine, pp.
82–90, March 1996.
WEBSITES
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handover
[2] http://www.google.co.in
[3]
http://www.ijcaonline.org/volume4/number4/pxc3871162.pdf
[4]
http://www.ijcaonline.org/volume8/number12/pxc3871763.pdf
Hinweis der Redaktion
But what happens, when a subscriber moves during a call from one cell to another cell? It would be very annoying if the call is dropped. If the subscriber is leaving a cell and in parallel entering a new cell, then the system makes new radio resources available in the neighbouring cell and then the call is handed over from on cell to the next one. This guarantees service continuation even when the subscriber is moving. The process is called handover (HO).
Drive root we have gone for optimizing the ZONTA site where the green color line represents the quality and also represents that our mobile is allocated to ZONTA site which we have planned.
The above figure epresents the quality of the signal throughout the drive route.
Hand Symbol indicated in all the above screen shots represents the Hand over from ZONTA site to another Neighboring site.
These reports gives the information about Neighboring cells.
In the above excel sheet we can clearly see that the rx level and rx quality is not upto our bench marks, which indicates that there is a problem in network.
TRAI performance indicator report for our drive test
These are the problems we have faced and these are the solutions we have produced to planning people and accordingly changes were made and network was under optimization.
Now we have the analysis report where we follow Layer 3 messages and with the help of those messages we analyze the problem and place of occurrence and we provide the solutions and import those solutions into drive test tool where actually we do some changes to network radio parameters and went for re-drive test .
