this session differentiates between univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. it covers practical assessment of table of critical values and understanding of the degree of freedom
1. Univariate and Bivariate
Analysis
Dr. Rajeev Kumar,
M.S.W (TISS, Mumbai), M.Phil. (CIP, Ranchi), UGC-JRF, Ph.D. (IIT
Kharagpur)
Visiting Faculty, RKMVERI, Ranchi
Lecture-6: Research Methodology (Descriptive and inferential statistics
2. After data collection
We need to define the type of variables from the collected data.
Based on the type of variables, we choose the appropriate statistical analysis
3. Types of statistical analysis
Univariate: because it deals with single variable
Bivariate: it deals with two variables
Multivariate: it deals with more than two variables
4. Univariate analysis
Descriptive analysis
If categorical variables
Mean
(Standard Deviation)
Median
(IQR)
Mode (Range)
Frequency and percentage
If continuous variables
Central tendency Dispersion
13. How to read these tables
• We have to understand
• What is DF (degree of freedom?
• What is your ά alpha value?
• What is p ( probability)?
• What is the critical value?
• What is the test value ?
14. What is df
• Degree of freedom: The number of observation, which are free to vary or
change.
19. Exercise-1
• Please find out the DF (degree of freedom)
• If one table has 5 column and 3 rows=
• If table has 3 rows and 4 column =
• If 3 column and 2 rows=
• 3 column and 3 rows=
• 2 column and 2 rows=
20. Exercise-2
• In one chi square analysis, df=2, Chi square χ2 = 4.03, tell me if this result is
significant at .05? Whether this result is significant at .01 and .001?
• In one survey the result of pass and fail was compared between male and
female candidates, the chi square result reveals, df=1, χ2=1.89 now find out,
whether this result is significant at p ≤0.05, p ≤ 0.01, and p ≤0.001
• In a chi square result, in the table, there were 4 columns and 4 rows.
Calculate its degree of freedom. The test value of χ2 = 45.88, please
evaluate this result at p ≤0.05, p ≤ 0.01, and p ≤0.001