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Network Communication
Icons Used in this project

2. S.No. Contents Page No.
01 Project Title 02
02 Abstract 03
03 VLAN & Routing Algorithm 05
04 Software Requirement Specification 06
05 Software Engg. Model Used 09
06 System Flow Chart / Model/ UML Diagram 17
07 Conclusion 20
08 Future Scope 22
09 References & Bibliography 23
Table of Contents
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3. Implementation on VLAN
& Routing Algorithm
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4. Abstract
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5. Abstract
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Network is a collection of two or more computers which are connected to each other for sharing resources, media information.
Connected computers can share resources which include information's, software's, peripheral devices.
VLAN communication experiment is one of the most important teaching difficult points of Computer Network Technology Courses, in the
circumstance of lacking of the experiment equipments, traditional experimental teaching method can not fulfill the learning needs of related
personnel. However, virtual demonstration experiment generates to solve this problem. In this paper, a design of VLAN communication
experiment with virtual demonstration mode is shown. The realization of the practical project both in software and hardware aspects is also
presented and its characters and practical values are emphasized. At last, an analysis has been made for several involved factors that exist in
this experimental teaching mode.
In computer networking, a single layer-2 network may be partitioned to create multiple distinct broadcast domains, which are mutually isolated so
that packets can only pass between them via one or more routers; such a domain is referred to as a virtual local area network, virtual
LAN or VLAN.
This is usually achieved on switch or router devices. Simpler devices only support partitioning on a port level (if at all), so sharing VLANs across
devices requires running dedicated cabling for each VLAN. More sophisticated devices can mark packets through tagging, so that a single
interconnect (trunk) may be used to transport data for multiple VLANs.
Grouping hosts with a common set of requirements regardless of their physical location by VLAN can greatly simplify network design. A VLAN
has the same attributes as a physical local area network (LAN), but it allows for end stations to be grouped together more easily even if they are
not on the same network switch. VLAN membership can be configured through software instead of physically relocating devices or connections.
Most enterprise-level networks today use the concept of virtual LANs. Without VLANs, a switch considers all interfaces on the switch to be in the
same broadcast domain.
To physically replicate the functions of a VLAN would require a separate, parallel collection of network cables and equipment separate from the
primary network. However, unlike physically separate networks, VLANs share bandwidth, so VLAN trunks may require aggregated
links and/or quality of service prioritization.

6. VLAN & Routing Algorithm
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7. Implementing VLANs
ØA VLAN allows a network administrator to create groups of logically networked devices that act as if they
are on their own independent network, even if they share a common infrastructure with other VLANs.
Using VLANs, you can logically segment switched networks based on functions, departments, or project
teams.
These VLANs allow the network administrator to implement access and security policies to particular groups
of users.
Virtual-LAN
 Remember, just because two computers are physically connected to the same switch does not mean
that they can communicate.
VLAN CONFIGURATION
 Devices on two separate networks and subnets must communicate via a router (Layer 3) whether or
not VLANs are used. VLAN reduce the size of broadcast domain but increases the no of broadcast
domain depends on VLAN
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8. VLAN Overview
Layer 2 connectivity
◦ Logical organizational flexibility
◦ Single broadcast domain
◦ Management
◦ Basic security
A VLAN = A Broadcast Domain = Logical Network (Subnet)
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10. How to Create a VLAN
 Switch(config)#vlan ?
<1-1005> ISL VLAN IDs 1-1005
 Switch(config)#vlan 2
 Switch(config-vlan)#name accounts
 Switch(config)#vlan 3
 Switch(config-vlan)#name sales
 Switch(config-vlan)#do wr
How to Assign ports into VLAN
 Assigning single ports into VLAN:-
Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2
 If you have to assign multiple ports at a time into VLAN:-
Switch(config)#interface range fa 0/3 - fa 0/4
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
 Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 3
 Switch(config-if-range)#do wr
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11. Check VLAN Configuration
 Switch#show vlan ?
brief VTP all VLAN status in brief
id VTP VLAN status by VLAN id
name VTP VLAN status by VLAN
name
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12. Verifying the VLAN configuration
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13. VLAN TRUNK
 A trunk is a point-to-point link between one or more Ethernet switch
interfaces and another networking device, such as a router or a switch.
 Ethernet trunks carry the traffic of multiple VLANs over a single link.
 A VLAN trunk allows you to extend the VLANs across an entire
network.
 Cisco supports IEEE 802.1Q for coordinating trunks on Fast Ethernet
and Gigabit Ethernet interfaces.
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14. Routing Algorithm
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15. ROUTER
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16. ROUTER
Router is an internetworking component, that connects networks which are at different geographical locations.
Main function of Router is to filtering, switching, forwarding the packets.
Router break the broadcast domain.
Router create the Routing table on the basis of IP address and share with the neighbor routers.
Router Work on layer 3 of OSI Model.
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17. ØWhen the destination is known, static and dynamic routing is done. For unknown destinations, default routing is employed.
ØIn dynamic routing, the path is fixed by the protocol. The paths will be changing depending on the length of the path. Always the shortest path
is preferred. Static routing is done by the users. These paths are stored in the routing table.
Example:
Switch/hub Switch/hub
E 0 E 0
S 0
S 0
192.168.1.0/24 192.168.2.0/24
192.168.1.150/24 192.168.2.150/24
10.0.0.1/8
10.0.0.2/8
Location A
Location B
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19. Configurations
 On R1 router
R1(c)#ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.2
R1(c)#ip route 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.2
R1(c)#ip route 192.168.50.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.2
 On R2 router
R2(c)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.20.1
R2(c)#ip route 192.168.50.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.40.2
 On R3 Router
R3(c)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.40.1
R3(c)#ip route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.40.1
R3(c)#ip route 192.168.30.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.40.1
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20. Distance Vector Routing
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21. CONCLUSION
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22. CONCLUSION
Network is a collection of two or more computers which are connected to each other for sharing
resources, media information.
—Connected computers can share resources which include information's, software's, peripheral
devices.
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23. BIBLIOGRAPHY
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24. BIBLIOGRAPH
• Internet From Google Server
• A Text Book on Computer Network By Andrew S. Tanenbaum
• Faculty By Prof. Rakesh kumar Singh
&
By Asst. Prof. CSE dept. VIII sem
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25. THANK YOU
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