Urban Upgrading Policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Dr. Farzin Fardanesh, Urban Development and Regeneration Corporation (UDRC), I.R. Iran - World Urban Forum 9, Informal Settlements in Asia Good practices and Way forward, UN-Habitat in Action Room, Saturday 10 February 2018, 14:30 - 16:00, UN-Habitat in action room
3. Background
3
Financing Main Players Approach Social Physical Conservation
1990~1993
Upgrading
city
centres/cultur
al axes
General
Government
budget
mayoral
administrati
ons
Central
Government
and
mayoral
administrati
ons
Reconstructi
on of war-
damaged
areas;
renovation
of old city
centres
Encouraging
owners and
residents/de
veloping
housing
cooperative
s for
medium-
and low-
income
households
Uncontrolled,
horizontal
expansion of
cities
declining city
centres
10/2/2018
4. Background
4
Financing Main Players Approach Social Physical Conservation
1994~1996
Problematic
urban fabric/
Integration of
small lots
Central
Government
with the
participatio
n of
mayoral
administrati
ons and
other
stakeholder
institutions
through the
formation
of
companies
owned by
the public
sector
Public
private
partnership
banks
Problematic
urban
fabric/
Integration
of small lots
Pushing
natives out;
lack of
attention to
the role of
residents
and owners
as well as
planning for
new
residents
Widespread
destruction of
target zones;
exacerbation
of spatial
problems
Formation of
the Cultural
Heritage
Organisation;
grounds for
increased
attention to
cultural
values Taking
old urban
fabric to be
problematic;
destruction
and
reconstruction
10/2/2018
5. Background
5
Financing Main Players Approach Social Physical Conservation
1997~2004
Urban
Renewal
endogenous
developmen
t;
preventing
uncontrolled
expansion
of cities;
improving
previous
large-scale
intervention
s;
institution-
building;
formulating
redevelopm
ent
regulations
Central
Government
with the
participatio
n of
mayoral
administrati
ons, cultural
and heritage
organisatio
n, banks,
and other
public and
private
stakeholders
General
Government
budget/limit
ed sources
of other
partners
Increased
attention
given to the
quality of
life of
residents
and
encouraging
them to
participate;
strengthenin
g the role of
housing
cooperative
s in the
deteriorated
fabric
Addressing
spatial
disorganisati
on and
attempting to
benefit from
all available
capacity for
development
Increased
attention
given to
existing
structures;
striving to
reequip old
structures;
promoting
“new life in
old structure”
10/2/2018
6. Background
6
Financing Main Players Approach Social Physical Conservation
After 2005
Renovation
and
reconstruction
of
deteriorated
fabric with an
emphasis on
sustained
participation
return of
attention to
old parts of
cities as
well as
areas
generally
thought as
deteriorated
and
inefficient;
retrofitting
and
improving
safety
Central
Government
through
local agents,
mayoral
administrati
ons, private
sector,
banks, local
cooperative
s, and
charity
organisatio
ns
Private
sector,
banks,
participatio
n bonds,
general
Government
budget
Stressing the
role of
social
groups;
strengthenin
g the
position of
owners and
residents
and giving
attention to
their needs
Addressing
spatial
disorganisati
on and
attempting to
benefit from
all available
capacity for
development
Withholding
intervention
in historical
zones and
striving to
interact with
relevant
organisations,
especially
Cultural
Heritage
Organisation
10/2/2018
7. Background
7
Financing Main Players Approach Social Physical Conservation
Since 2009
Moving
towards
regeneration
Sustainable
and
widespread
participatio
n of citizens
though the
creation of
appropriate
grounds and
activities to
jump start
local
developmen
t process
Central
Government
as policy
maker and
monitoring
authority,
mayoral
administrati
ons for
managemen
t of
implementat
ion, and the
private
sector as the
main actor
Private
sector,
participatio
n bonds,
general
Government
budget
Emphasis
on the
participatio
n of all
social
groups
Addressing
spatial
disorganisati
on of major
structural
axes of urban
centres
Withholding
intervention
in historical
zones and
striving to
interact with
relevant
organisations,
especially
Cultural
Heritage
Organisation
10/2/2018
8. Main Physical Planning
Challenges
10/2/2018
8
cumbersome procedures
Outdated data & assumptions
no connection with the budgeting systems,
technical criteria without consideration for
socioeconomic aspects
constant land use conversions
the lack of coordination between
implementing agencies
an infeasible document
10. Main Housing Planning
Challenges
10/2/2018
10
Unrealistic architectural standards
Turn-key approach rather than
incremental
Unrealistic Technical specifications
Technical and Administrative overheads
Unaffordable
11. Average Land Use Area Percentage in Comparison with
the Main City
10/2/2018
11
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
12. OUTSIDE THE CITY
INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS
VILLAGES ABSORBED BY THE
URBAN SPRAWL
INSIDE THE CITY
DETERIORATED HISTORIC FABRICS
DELAPIDATED UNDERSERVICED AEAS
CHALLENGES
POPULATION GROWTH URBAN MANAGEMENT
DEVELOPMENTPLANNING
EXCLUSION OF THE POOR
INADEQUATE
URBAN PLANNINGPOLICIES
INADEQUATE
HOUSINGPOLICIES
The Formation of Slums
10/2/2018
12
LACK OF INVESTMENT
DELAPIDATION PROCESS
No maintenance
Increased populationdensity
Sub-standardhousing
Under-servicedareas
Low Cost Informal
Housing
NEW SETTLERS
Migrant workers
Illegal migrants
Informal workers
Social difficulties
14. National Policy Document for
Regularizing Informal Settlements
10/2/2018
14
Adopted by the Cabinet in 2004
National Enabling Task Force
Provincial Enabling Task Force
15. National Strategy Document for Revitalizing,
Rehabilitation, Renovation and Enabling
Deteriorated and Underserviced Urban Fabrics
10/2/2018
15
Adopted in 2014
Key Strategies:
Strategy 1: a coordinated urban
development policy framework—giving
priority to ‘Endogenous Development’
Strategy 2: Real estate and capital
market to correspond to demand by low-
income urban strata
16. National Strategy Document for Revitalizing,
Rehabilitation, Renovation and Enabling
Deteriorated and Underserviced Urban Fabrics
10/2/2018
16
Key Strategies:
Strategy 3: Improve quality of life and
strengthen and nurture the identity of
target urban areas and neighbourhoods
Strategy 4: participation of residents
Strategy 5: Facilitating investment
and creating appropriate incentive
structures aimed at the private sector
17. National Strategy Document for Revitalizing,
Rehabilitation, Renovation and Enabling
Deteriorated and Underserviced Urban Fabrics
10/2/2018
17
Key Strategies
Strategy 6: Improving economic, social,
and environmental conditions for
residents
Strategy 7: leveraging the physical,
social, economic and environmental
capacities
Strategy 8: An appropriate financial
system
