Blockchain technology, hyperledger

1. Hyperledger
Hyperledger:
Hyperledger (or the Hyperledger project) is an umbrella project of open source
blockchains and related tools, started in December 2015 by the Linux
Foundation.
and has received contributions from IBM, Intel and SAP Ariba, to supportthe
collaborative development of blockchain-based distributed ledgers.
Goals
Hyperledger has the following goals:
 Create enterprise grade, open source, distributed ledger frameworks
and code bases to supportbusiness transactions
 Provideneutral, open, and community-driven infrastructuresupported
by technical and business governance
 Build technical communities to develop blockchain and shared ledger
POCs, usecases, field trails and deployments
 Educate the public about the marketopportunity for blockchain
technology
 Promote our community of communities taking a toolkit approach with
many platforms and frameworks
Differences betweenHyperledger andpermission-less blockchain
technologies

2. Components of Hyperledger Frameworks
Hyperledger business blockchain frameworksareused to build enterprise
blockchains for a consortium of organizations. They aredifferent than public
ledgers like the Bitcoin blockchain and Ethereum. The Hyperledger frameworks
include:
 An append-only distributed ledger
 A consensus algorithm for agreeing to changes in the ledger
 Privacy of transactions through permissioned access
 Smartcontracts to process transaction requests.
Hyperledger Iroha :
 Hyperledger Iroha is a blockchain framework designed to be simple and
easy to incorporateinto infrastructureprojects thatrequire distributed
ledger technology.
 Itwas originally developed by Soramitsu in Japan and was proposed to
Hyperledger by Soramitsu, Hitachi, NTT Data, and Colu.
KEY FEATURES OF IROHA:
A simple structure
• Modern, domain-driven C++ design
• Emphasis on mobile application development
• A new, chain-based ByzantineFault-Tolerant consensus algorithm, called
Sumeragi
HyperledgerSawtooth:
 Hyperledger Sawtooth is a modular platform for building, deploying, and
running distributed ledgers. Distributed ledgers providea digital record
(such as asset ownership) thatis maintained without a central authority
or implementation.
 Sawtooth aims to keep distributed ledgers distributed and to make
smartcontracts safe for enterpriseuse.
 Hyperledger Sawtooth, contributed by Intel
 Itis a blockchain framework that utilizes a modular platform for building,
deploying, and running distributed ledgers.

3.  Distributed ledger solutions built with Hyperledger Sawtooth can utilize
various consensus algorithms based on the sizeof the network. By
default, it uses the Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET) consensus algorithm.
which provides the scalability of the Bitcoin blockchain without the high
energy consumption.
 Hyperledger Sawtooth is designed for versatility, with supportfor both
permissioned and permissionless deployments.
Eg: Sawtooth lake: Sawtooth Lakeblockchain technology can providean
immutable record of the provenance
UniqueCharacteristicsofSawtooth:
 Sawtooth is designed so that you can grow the sizeof the network
 You can actually change the consensus mechanism on the fly
Hyperledger Indy :
 Hyperledger Indy is a distributed ledger, purpose-builtfor decentralized
identity.
 Indy provides tools, libraries, and reusablecomponents for creating and
using independent digital identities rooted on blockchains or other
distributed ledgers. These identities are interoperable across
administrative domains, applications, and any other organizationalsilo.
That means friends, competitors, and even antagonists can all rely on a
shared sourceof truth.
 Indy answers fundamentalquestions such as, “Who am I dealing with?”
and “How can I verify any data about the other party in this
interaction?”
Hyperledger Indy letsusersauthenticateidentitybased onthe
attributestheyare willing tostore and share themselves. Thiscan
reduce the amount ofliability contained withina businessbecause
the data canbe kept with the user and presented toyou againin a
way that you cantrust and validate that what hasbeensaid really
wassaid and is trusted by the other partiesyou dobusinesswith.
- NathanGeorge, Maintainer, HyperledgerIndy

4. KEY FEATURES OF INDY
Self-sovereignity—Indystores identity artifacts on a ledger with distributed
ownership. Theseartifacts can include public keys, proofs of existence,
cryptographic accumulators thatenable revocation, and so on. No one but the
true owner can change or remove an identity.
Privacy—By default, Indy preserves privacy, sinceevery identity owner can
operate without creating any correlation risk or breadcrumbs.
Verifiable claims—Identity claims can resemble familiar credentials such as
birth certificates, driver’s licenses, passports, and so on. But these can be
combined and transformed in powerfulways, using zero-knowledgeproofs to
enable selective disclosureof only the data required by any particular context.
HyperledgerBurrow :
 Burrowis a permissionable smartcontractmachine.
 Burrowbecamethe fourthdistributedledgerplatform within
Hyperledgerin April,2017.Itwas originallydevelopedand proposed
to HyperledgerbyMonax.
 Burrowprovidesa stronglydeterministic,smartcontract-focused
blockchaindesign. Burrowusersbenefitfroman accesscontrollayer
throughthe use of smartcontractsand Äúsecurenatives-based
permissionlayer.
 HyperledgerBurrowprovidesa modularblockchainclientwith a
permissionedsmart contractinterpreterdevelopedpartlyto the
specificationsof the EthereumVirtualMachine(EVM).
Burrow includes all the following components:
Burrow includes all the following components:
• Consensus engine—Maintains the networking stack between nodes and
ordering
transactions to be used by the application engine.
• Application Blockchain Interface(ABCI)—Provides theinterface specification
for the
consensus engineand application engine to connect.

5. • Smartcontract application engine—Provides developers with a strongly
deterministic
smartcontract engine for operating complex industrialprocesses.
• Gateway—Provides programmatic interfaces for system integrations and
user interfaces
Hyperledger Modules(Tools)
The Hyperledger modulesare auxiliary softwares used for things like
deploying and maintaining blockchains, examining the data on the
ledgers, as well as tools to design, prototype, and extend blockchain
networks.
Hyperledger Cello
Hyperledger Cello is a blockchain module toolkit that aims to bring the on-demand
deployment model to the blockchain ecosystem.
The goal is to help enterprises quickly and easily adopt blockchain technologies, by
providing automated ways to create, manage, and terminate blockchains.
Cello also provides a real-time dashboard where users can:
• View the status of the blockchain system
• See statistics such as blockchain events, chaincodeperformance, and system
utilization
• Manage blockchains by creating, configuring, and deleting them
• Manage chaincode by deploying and uploading private chaincode
Hyperledger Cello currently supports Hyperledger Fabric as the main
blockchain implementation.
The project plans to supportHyperledger Sawtooth and other types of
blockchains.
Hyperledger Composer

6. Hyperledger Composer provides a suite of tools for building blockchain business
networks.
These tools allow you to:
 Model your business blockchain network
 Generate REST APIs for interacting with your blockchain network
 Generate a skeleton Angular application.
Built in Javascript (yaey!), Hyperledger Composer provides an easy-to-use set of
components that developers can quickly learn and implement. The project was
contributed by Oxchains and IBM.
The benefits of Hyperledger Composer are:
 Faster creation of blockchain applications, eliminating the massive effort
required to build blockchain applications from scratch
 Reduced risk with well-tested, efficient design that aligns understanding
across business and technical analysts
 Greater flexibility as the higher-level abstractions make it far simpler to
iterate.
Hyperledger Explorer:
Hyperledger Explorer is a tool for visualizing blockchain operations.
It is the first ever blockchain explorer for permissioned ledgers, allowing anyone to
explore the distributed ledger projects being created by Hyperledger’s members from
the inside, without compromising their privacy.
The project was contributed by DTCC, Intel, and IBM.
Designed to create a user-friendly web application, Hyperledger Explorer can view,
invoke, deploy, or query:
 Blocks
 Transactions and associated data
 Network information (name, status, list of nodes)
 Smart contracts (chain codes and transaction families)
 Other relevant information stored in the ledger.