R. Klingbeil, 2014. The Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia and UN ESCWA Contributions to Improved Transboundary Cooperation on Groundwater and Aquifers.
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Klingbeil, R., 2014. The Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia and UN ESCWA Contributions to Improved Transboundary Cooperation on Groundwater and Aquifers. Presentation at the 41st Congress of the International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH) “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakesh, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014.
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R. Klingbeil, 2014. The Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia and UN ESCWA Contributions to Improved Transboundary Cooperation on Groundwater and Aquifers.
- 1. United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia Regional Advisor Environment and Water THE INVENTORY OF SHARED WATER RESOURCES IN WESTERN ASIA AND UN ESCWA CONTRIBUTIONS TO IMPROVED TRANSBOUNDARY COOPERATION ON GROUNDWATER AND AQUIFERS Ralf Klingbeil International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014
- 2. Page 2 Outline •Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers •Legal Instruments •Global - Regional - Bi- or Multi-lateral •Inventory on Shared Water Resources in Western Asia •Overview •Groundwater Chapters •Conclusions and Outlook International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014
- 3. Page 3 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Schematic Diagram of a Shared Aquifer and Groundwater Flow Directions International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 Redrawn by UN ESCWA - BGR, 2013, based on Puri and Arnold 2002.
- 4. Page 4 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Challenges with Shared Groundwater – Transboundary Aquifers in the Arab Region International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 Klingbeil & Al-Hamdi, 2010. Historic and Prior Use Renewable vs. Non-renewable Groundwater Differences between Recharge and Use and Abstraction Areas Spatial Extent of Surface and Groundwater Catchments Aquifer Management Units ≠ Entire Aquifer / Aquifer System
- 5. Page 5 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Legal Instruments: Global and Regional International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 1966 Helsinki Rules 1997 UN Watercourse Convention ... 2014 UNWC Entry into Force 2008 UN GA Law of TBAs 2011 1st UN GA Review 2013 2nd UN GA Review 2016 3rd UN GA Review 1992 UN ECE Water Convention 1999 Protocol on Water and Health 2003 UN ECE Amendment 1998 SADC Water Protocol 2000 SADC Revised Water Protocol 2000 EU WFD 2006 EU GW Dir 2010 AMWC Res for Drafting AWC Annual AMWC Reviews
- 6. Page 6 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia INVENTORY OF SHARED WATER RESOURCES IN WESTERN ASIA
- 7. Page 7 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia – Overview Euphrates River – Syrian Arab Republic The Inventory is… the first UN-led effort to take stock of the region’s shared surface and groundwater resources in a comprehensive, systematic and standardized manner. Key Themes: •Hydrology, hydrogeology •Water resources development and use •Agreements and cross-border management efforts Objectives: •Identify and document the state of shared water resources and their use •Improve the knowledge base and facilitate information access •Create awareness and stimulate informed dialogue within and between riparian countries •Support regional processes towards improved dialogue and cooperation over shared water resources
- 8. Page 8 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia – Work Process International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 A total of 22 shared aquifer systems and 6 shared river basins were identified. 9 chapters on shared surface waters and 17 chapters on shared aquifer systems, each following a standardized structure and methodology. 624 pages of detailed information with 60 new maps and over 200 figures, tables and boxes. www.waterinventory.org
- 9. Page 9 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Inventory - Chapter Features - Groundwater International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 www.waterinventory.org
- 10. Page 10 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Shared Groundwater in Western Asia - Cenozoic Era International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 www.waterinventory.org Umm er Radhuma-Dammam Aquifer System (North): Widyan-Salman Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia Umm er Radhuma-Dammam Aquifer System (Centre): Gulf Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia Umm er Radhuma-Dammam Aquifer System (South): Rub’ al Khali Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen Neogene Aquifer System (South-East), Dibdibba-Kuwait Group: Dibdibba Delta Basin Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia Neogene Aquifer System (North-West), Upper and Lower Fars: Jezira Basin Iraq, Syria Tawil-Quaternary Aquifer System: Wadi Sirhan Basin Jordan, Saudi Arabia Basalt Aquifer System (South): Azraq-Dhuleil Basin Jordan, Syria Basalt Aquifer System (West): Yarmouk Basin Jordan, Syria Coastal Aquifer Basin Egypt, Israel, Palestine Jezira Tertiary Limestone Aquifer System Syria, Turkey Taurus-Zagros Iran, Iraq, Turkey
- 11. Page 11 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Shared Groundwater in Western Asia - Mesozoic and Paleozoic Eras International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 www.waterinventory.org Anti-Lebanon Lebanon, Syria Western Aquifer Basin Egypt, Israel, Palestine Wasia-Biyadh-Aruma Aquifer System (North): Sakaka-Rutba Iraq, Saudi Arabia Wasia-Biyadh-Aruma Aquifer System (South): Tawila-Mahra/Cretaceous Sands Saudi Arabia, Yemen Saq-Ram Aquifer System (West) Jordan, Saudi Arabia Wajid Aquifer System Saudi Arabia, Yemen
- 12. Page 12 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Umm er Radhuma – Dammam Aquifer System (South): Rub’ al Khali International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 www.waterinventory.org
- 13. Page 13 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Umm er Radhuma – Dammam Aquifer System (South): Rub’ al Khali International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 Compiled by ESCWA-BGR based on Rizk & Alsharhan, 2008; MRMWR, Oman, 2005. Compiled by ESCWA-BGR based on UN-ESCWA and BGR, 1999.
- 14. Page 14 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Saq Ram Aquifer System (West) International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 Example: Saq-Ram Aquifer System (West) ‘Disi’ Aquifer • approximate exploitability • groundwater development www.waterinventory.org
- 15. Page 15 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Saq Ram Aquifer System (West) International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 www.waterinventory.org
- 16. Page 16 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers TBA Research: Cooperation between Kuwait and Neighbouring Countries •Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR) •Neogene Aquifer System (South-East): Dibdibba - Kuwait Group, Dibdibba Delta •Assistance in field of shared groundwater & aquifers •KISR / ESCWA Workshop Shared Groundwater Aquifers in GCC Countries, April 2014, •ESCWA Presentation “Recent Developments at Global and Regional Level on Shared Groundwater Aquifers with a Focus on Arab Gulf Countries”, •Support and technical inputs to develop research proposal on shared groundwater aquifers between Kuwait and neighbouring countries, •Further activities envisaged •Assistance in review of research proposal, •Backstopping and advice through participation in advisory committee. International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014
- 17. Page 17 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Jordan River Basin Dialogue •Request from Palestinian Water Authority (PWA) •Based on ESCWA - BGR Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia (2013) •UN ESCWA facilitated riparian dialogue between Jordan, Lebanon and Palestine •Addressed themes: Hydrology and hydrogeology, historic development of water use and options for further riparian cooperation •First meeting: Amman, April 2014 International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014
- 18. Page 18 Shared Groundwater - Transboundary Aquifers Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia – 10 Key Findings International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014 www.waterinventory.org
- 19. Page 19 Inventory of Shared Water Resources in Western Asia VISIT OUR WEBSITE www.waterinventory.org contact: waterinventory@un.org Thank you for your attention! United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) P.O. Box 11-8575 Beirut, Lebanon
- 20. United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia Regional Advisor Environment and Water THE INVENTORY OF SHARED WATER RESOURCES IN WESTERN ASIA AND UN ESCWA CONTRIBUTIONS TO IMPROVED TRANSBOUNDARY COOPERATION ON GROUNDWATER AND AQUIFERS Ralf Klingbeil International Association of Hydrgeologists (IAH), 41st International Congress, “Groundwater: Challenges and Strategies”, Marrakech, Morocco, 15-19 Sep 2014