Presentation at MmIT NW on Open repositories, content, data and libraries CC: NC BY SA

1. Open ________ ?Libraries, repositories, and cultural change Presentation at CILIP MmIT NW: Emerging Technologies; June 17th 2009 R. John Robertson, CETIS, University of Strathclyde This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.5 UK: Scotland License.

2. Outline Introductions Open _________? Open Access Open Content Open Data Open Libraries?

3. Introduction CETIS A JISC innovation centre in the domain of educational technology and interoperability standards http://jisc.cetis.ac.uk My background: JISC projects and most recently Repositories Research Team

4. Open _________? Look at some current trends and initiatives using the word ‘Open’ Consider some of their key features and their impact for libraries and librarians Mostly focused around repositories Not talking about: Open Source software (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_software) Open Id (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenID) Open APIs (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_API)

5. Open Access 5 R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007 http://www.opendoar.org/

6. Open Access – cultural overview Cultural (as is...) The translation of an informal offline practice into the digital age – sharing copies of your paper Speed (submission to press can be a long time) Rights? (it’s mine to distribute... ; who funded the work? ) Costs and conditions (modern journal subscriptions) Declarations Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.soros.org/openaccess) PLoSdftn: "free availability and unrestricted use“ via Peter Suber Approaches: ‘self-archive’ ; OA journals Funder mandates (UK Research councils, NIH and CIHR) Institutional mandates (37 mandates, 14 departmental http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/policysignup/ )

7. Open Access – cultural overview (2): funders http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/juliet/

8. Open Access – cultural overview (3): publishers http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo.php?stats=yes

9. Open Access – technical overview Cultural intent led to the development of new software and standards to support its use. OAI-PMH – Open Archives Initiative- Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.html ) Dublin Core (adopted as baseline by OAI-PMH) Software systems (open source and commercial): Dominance of Fedora, ePrints, D-Space DuraSpace merger Zentity (Microsoft – free built on proprietary core) Intralibrary (commercial example) Services Search (OAISTER, Intute Repository Search) Registries (OpenDOAR, ROAR) OAI-ORE – towards being more web friendly

10. Open Access - impact Closest to library community but significant groups outside of it Commercial publishers’ response OA journals Promise and problems New forms of publication – overlay ? Pure OA? ETDs Etheses - the ultimate OA success story? ETHOS Side effects: other roles RAE/ REF reporting and management faculty web pages/ bibliographies Institutional knowledge management

11. Open Access - opportunities Repositories as a key part of institutional infrastructure ETDs RAE and REFreporting Faculty web pages Managing rights and supporting compliance with OA mandates Information management expertise needed Cataloguing (lots of...) Building controlled vocabularies and taxonomies Managing rights Collaboration with university presses – moving towards new forms of publication

12. Open Content 12 R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007

13. Open Content – cultural overview Translating offline practice of sharing into a digital environment Many teaching materials just use stuff off Google... Who owns the lecture notes? Learning objects... or not Although still developed and used in some circumstances the ‘context-neutral’ reusable learning object is not a scalable endeavour when compared to OER initiatives that share what people are using (IMHO) Open Educational Resources CETIS briefing paper http://tinyurl.com/kkek7r OER Initiatives Focus on sharing what you use. Open Courseware http://ocwconsortium.org JISC / HEFCE funding pilot programme - £5.7 million http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/oer.aspx Overview of JISC and OER http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/events/2009/03/openeducationalresources-fintrypm.pdf

14. Open Content - initiatives

15. Open Content – initiatives (2)

16. Open Content - impact ‘Normal’ offline practice is often not formalised or examined, in doing so: Rights issues can be addressed Practice might improve Provide colleagues, students, and potential students with your stuff Institutional re-evaluation of where the value lies: Student experience Reputation, accreditation, assessment Staff (as teachers not merely producers of sets of materials) Facilities and atmosphere (...especially the library?) Publicity Increased enrolment Kudos and standing in the educational community

17. Open Content – opportunities? Often happening outside of library... LIS skills needed but demand may not be articulated in ways that are immediately obvious and a degree of wheel reinvention going on Potentially lots of ‘cataloguing’ needed but... Different standards/ educational description Traditional learning object type metadata(IEEE LOM, IMS CP) Standards under development (ISO MLR, DC-ED) Key access points – course code? Course title? Many current content sharing systems work without ‘full’ cataloguing and may not afford it Full cataloguing presents an unknown value propostion... Supporting teaching and administrative staff Education and training Collection level work Description data cleaning Taxonomies/ controlled vocabularies What is the business case? Managing legal issues: accessibility; liability

18. Open Data 18 R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007

19. Open Data - overview Two main areas Managing and opening access to scientific datasets Opening access to data more generally Vision of semantic web Making it easier for machines to relate disparate data sets Better data management Volume of data being produced Transparency Link data and publication Does data support findings? Stewardship Destroy data that should be destroyed Allow others to explore data for their own use Ensure funder has access to data Curate the rest of the data

20. Open Data - initiatives

21. Open Data – initiatives (2)

22. Open Data - impact Library of Congress releasing lcsh.info Government(s) attitudes New tools Visualization – [manyeyes] Wordle Richer publications Moving beyond the limits of a printed page Network effect –> new science Mashups... See next speaker! ‘just landed’

23. Open Data - perspective “The coolest thing to be done with your data will be thought of by someone else” Motto JISC Common Repository Interfaces Group (CRIG) http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/repositories/digirep/index/CRIG

24. Open Data – opportunities (1) Data repositories Data librarians and enabling researchers Best practice Need for clarity over rights Automating metadata capture – lab books Linking data and articles Using data in teaching However, most of this work has to be done by the scientists... Do they know about the relevant skills and expertise the library can offer?

25. Open Data – opportunities (2) Being a data provider Limits of tools Unintended consequences (xif...jsut what information are you giving out) Legal and ethical issues Control of data Using Mashups Amazon Librarything - recommendations Browser tools integrating library catalogues Anything: e.g. ‘Just landed’

26. Open Data – Summing up a conference: twitter plus wordle? 26 R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007

27. Open Libraries? 27 R. John Robertson, JISCCETIS, ECDL2007

28. Open Libraries? What’s the point? The importance of Information literacy Understanding rights and business cases Making the case for the library’s role Experimenting ... Realising ‘control’ over use of IT may not be as desirable as it was Make rights clear Can you get your data out? Can your users..? What do you want to allow? Control vs enable (Glasgow City Council example: advertises events on twitter but blocks access to it in libraries) http://tametheweb.com/2009/05/10/glasgowtweet/

29. Open Libraries? Deciding what you do with your stuff Publish where? Is it responsible to give the rights to your work away? Are they your rights to give? Self-archive where? Institutional Repository Subject Repository? For LIS: Elis Slideshare, etc What terms of use ? This presentation on Cilip’sMmIT page, in Strathprints (shortly) and on slideshare. http://www.slideshare.net/rjohnrobertson/

30. Any Questions? Contact details: R. John Robertson Robert.robertson@strath.ac.uk Kavubob on twitter http://blogs.cetis.ac.uk/johnr/

31. Additional References (and credits) Peter Suber, Open Access Overview http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/overview.htm Repositories Support Project http://www.rsp.ac.uk/