1. Welding Joint Design and
Welding Symbols
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2. After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
◦ Sketch the five basic welding joints
◦ Explain the factors that must be considered when
choosing a weld joint design
◦ Discuss the factors to consider when selecting a weld
joint design
◦ List and explain the information that can be included on a
welding symbol
◦ Sketch a welding symbol and identify the components
3. Refers to the way pieces of metal are put together
or aligned with each other
◦ The five (5) basic weld joint designs are:
4. Butt Joint
Lap Joint
Corner Joint
Tee Joint
Edge Joint
Name five basic weld joints that may be found in a weldment.
5.
6. Two ways of fitting up an outside corner joint.
Open Corner Closed Corner
7. NOTE: "fillet weld" = a triangular shaped weld in a corner
Name three types of joints that use fillet welds?
8. Accessibility for welding
Strength requirements
Cyclic or static loading
Material thickness
Welding process to be used
Material type
Code Requirements
Cost
Side Note: some considerations in selecting a type of joint to
use on a fabrication.
9. Bevel Groove Vee Groove
J Groove
U GrooveSquare Groove
Name two edge preparations used with butt joints.
15. NOTE:
While Leg Size is the usual
method to specify and
measure weld size, the
Effective Throat is a more
accurate measure of fillet
weld strength!
Effective
Throat
Actual Throat
Leg Size2
Leg Size1
Theoretical
Throat
Convexity
¼
How is the size of a fillet determined and what is used to
measure it?
16. 1. After selecting specified size
gauge from set, measure
Leg1
2. Measure Leg2
3. Verify throat with other side
of gauge (face of gauge
should touch weld)
L1
L2
3/8
How To Use A Fillet Gauge
17. Undercut – most predominant
weld fault
◦ Fix: Short arc length, proper
amperage and speed
27. Welding symbols
◦ Applied to reference
line at the base
Reference lines have
an arrow side (near
side) and other side
(far side)
28. No size specified
What if the symbol
were on this side?
Sketch the weld required by this symbol.
29. As you see in this example,
the weld symbol usually
looks like the weld cross
section shape!
Symbol must be above
the reference line
indicating make weld on
"Other Side" of joint from
where arrow is pointing.
Complete the welding symbol that specifies the weld shown.
30. 1/4
1/4 3/8
1/4
(1/4 x 3/8)
Nothing in the symbol specifies
unequal leg size location.
If there are not obvious reasons to put larger leg on one side of
joint (e.g. thicker metal), then it must be specified on drawing.
Complete the welding symbol that specifies the weld shown
including dimension specifications.
32. 3/16
3/16
3/16 3 - 9
3/16
3 9
3/16
Sketch the weld required by this symbol including dimensions.
33. 1/2
1/2 2 - 8
2 - 8
1/2
1/2
1/2
2 8
Sketch the weld required by this symbol including dimensions.
34. 1/4
3/8
1 3
1 3
1/4 1 - 3
3/8 1 - 3
Complete the welding symbol that specifies the weld shown
including dimension specifications.
35. 1/4
1/2
1/2
2 3 1/2
1/2 x 1/4 2 – 3 ½
1/2 x 1/4 2 – 3 ½
Complete the welding symbol that specifies the weld shown
including dimension specifications.
38. NOTE: The broken arrow line should be used
to point at the side to be prepared.
NOTE: The vertical line must
always be on the left side.
Complete the welding symbol that specifies the weld shown.
41. 3/16
3/16
NOTE: Efforts should be made to avoid
Hi/Lows for a smooth surface
SURFACING FUNCTIONS:
Buildup
Stainless Overlay
Abrasion Resistant Overlay
Sketch the weld required by this symbol including dimensions.
42. 2
1/8
1/8 2
Complete the welding symbol that specifies the weld shown
including dimension specifications.