Joseph Nye, who famously coined the phrase “soft power”, defined it as “the ability to attract people to our side without coercion”. In his book Soft Power, he suggested three main sources for a country’s soft power: “its culture, its political values, and its foreign policies”. In contemporary international relations the primacy of communicating a favorable image of a country, involving both state and non-state actors and networks, is mostly important (Joseph S. NYE 2005). Mr. Alan K. Herrikson in his discussion papers in Diplomacy referred to various definitions of Public Diplomacy. A definition offered in March 1966 by Dean Gullion, public diplomacy is the means by which governments, private groups and individuals influence the attitudes and opinions of other peoples and governments in such a way as to exercise an influence on their foreign policy decisions. According to Lord Carter of Coles, Public Diplomacy emphasize the need for two-way or interactive communication. The Report of The Public Diplomacy Council, based at the School of Media and Public Affairs of George Washington University, Washington, DC term ‘Public diplomacy seeks to promote the national interest and national security of a country through understanding, informing and influencing foreign publics and broadening dialogue between citizens and institutions of the two countries and their counterparts. Public diplomacy is practiced through tools including holding of lectures, seminars, academic programs, Journalists exchange programs, scholarships to media persons of host country, establishment of cultural centers and libraries, book translation programs, Research grants, language study, co-opting legislators, community leaders, decision-makers in ministries and other organizations, and key religious and political leaders of the host country. One essential element of soft power is cultural diplomacy. Cultural diplomacy is a set of activities undertaken by a country of the origin directly or through its diplomatic missions to promote of foreign policy objectives by introducing its cultural assets in the host country. In practice, cultural diplomacy includes promoting national culture and cultural identity and values and national language in the host state, negotiating international treaties on cultural cooperation, and supporting and keeping up contacts with expatriate communities in the host state. It also covers education, science and technology, sports, arts and literature, archives and heritage, etc. However, the structure, as well as the overall intensity of the cultural-diplomatic activities may vary depending on the state and its foreign policy priorities and ambitions (Pajtinka 2014). This presentation discusses various aspects of Public Diplomacy, with the help of case studies of India, China and Pakistan. It also identifies soft power resources which can be used to promote public diplomacy..

1. Lyon France, 1st July, 2017.
Deputy Mayor of Lyon
alongwith Ambassador of
Pakistan to France Moin ul
Haque inaugurated the biggest
ever Pakistan Pavilion at the
Multicultural World village in
Lyon, the second Largest city in
the center of France

2. Tastefully and creatively decorated
Pakistan pavilion adorned with
cultural artefacts of Pakistan
attracted large number of visitors.
The colorful and diverse traditional
embroidery and folk dresses, spicy
cuisine, display of truck art, photo
exhibition by Pakistani artists Mr.
Imran Chaudhary and Bilal Javid
and folk and popular music of
Pakistan were the main attractions
of the Festival.

3. France, 11th July, 2017. A large
variety of Mango dishes creatively
prepared and artistically presented
by the renowned French two
Michelin star Chef Sylvester Wahid
enthralled the French dignitaries and
notables at the first of its kind
Pakistan Mango Festival held at the
Embassy of Pakistan in Paris
yesterday.

4. Paris, 20th July, 2017.
Pakistan and France have
signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) to
deepen bilateral scientific
cooperation in the field
of meteorology.

6. Paris September 17, 2017. The first ever
mega Pakistan Festival held to celebrate 70
years of Pakistan’s independence concluded
in suburbs of Paris today after a splendid
display of Pakistan’s culture, handicrafts,
fashion, music and cuisine.
Thousands of people from various walks of
life including local French officials,
diplomats, members of French Civil Society,
media persons and expatriate Pakistanis
attended the festival.

7. Paris September 29, 2019. The
third edition of mega Pakistan
Festival was held in Sarcelles, a
city in the suburbs of Paris
today. This year’s event was
specially dedicated to express
solidarity with the oppressed
people of Indian Occupied
Jammu and Kashmir.

8. Paris 20th November 2017. A 2-
day festival of Pakistani
traditional and folk music, display
of Pakistani handicrafts and folk
heritage, screening of
documentaries and children
workshops concluded in Paris,
yesterday.
The event jointly organized by the
House of World Cultures and
Embassy of Pakistan was hosted at
the prestigious Theatre de la Ville
(Espace Pierre Cardin) in Paris.

10. Paris 28th March, 2017. Pakistani
Qawwals Ayaz Farid and Abu
Mohammad captivated the French
audience with their performance
in a Qawwali concert organized by
the Embassy of Pakistan to France
as part of its Public Diplomacy
Initiative ‘celebrating Pakistan’
and as well as to mark seventy
years of the Independence of

11. Paris 16.11.17. Five French
parliamentarians led by Mr.
Jean Bernard Sempastous,
the newly appointed
President of the France
Pakistan Friendship Group in
the French National
Assembly is all set to visit
Pakistan next month. First in
ten years

12. Paris 15th November 2017.
Pakistan would welcome
French cooperation and
collaboration in the
development of mass transit
transport system in Pakistan
to provide modern and
efficient travelling facilities
to its population of 207
million

13. Paris 25th October 2017.
A joint painting
exhibition by Mr. Akram
Dost a renowned painter
and artist of Pakistan
and Mr. Bertrand Bellon
of France was held in
Paris from 19-24 of this
month.

14. Paris October 4, 2017. A special fashion show by the world renowned Pakistani fashion designer Ms. Nilofer Shahid
was organized by the Embassy of Pakistan to France in Paris to showcase seven decades of Pakistan’s fashion.

15. Paris 22nd Sept, 2017. A
Pakistan food pavilion
artistically decorated with
the handicrafts, truck art
and spices of Pakistan was
the centre of attraction
during the 2nd edition of
the three day
international Gastronomy
Festival held in Paris from
22nd – 24th of this
month.

16. Paris September 19, 2017.
The participation of the 36
Pakistani companies in the
Texworld exhibition would
greatly help in giving an
impetus to the exports of
textile products to the
European markets.
Paris, September 12, 2016: Pakistan high end textile products displayed artistically
was viewed and appreciated by thousands of participants, visitors and business
persons in the 39th Edition of four day Texworld Exhibition being held in Paris,
France from 12th September 2016.

17. • International Conference on Mountains of
Pakistan
• A half-day seminar with presentations, panel
discussion, slide shows.
• Famous mountaineers from Pakistan, France
and other countries to share their experiences.
• Screening of a relevant movie/documentary.
• Organizing photographic exhibition on the
sidelines.
• Serving of Pakistani food at the conclusion of
the event.
• Participants/Invitees:
• Famous mountaineers/hikers, representatives of
relevant clubs/associations, sports persons,
diplomatic missions, UNESCO staff, tourist
operators, media, etc.
• Venue: UNESCO headquarters, Hall-I

20. Paris 27th January, 2020. A delegation of
Pakistan-France Education, Culture and Sports
Association in Paris led by its President Mr.
Fazal Aleem called on the Ambassador.
The delegation briefed the Ambassador on their
project to setup a fully equipped educational,
cultural and sports centre in the Criel city,
located in the suburb of Paris.
Paris: 13th February, 2019. 2nd edition of Urdu
Cultural Day was celebrated by French National
Institute of Oriental Languages and Civilizations
(INALCO) in Pariswith a splendid display of Pakistan
culture, recitation of Urdu poetry, singing of Urdu
songs and photographic exhibition of Pakistan’s rich
cultural and architecture heritage.

22. Lyon France, 1st July, 2017.
Deputy Mayor of Lyon
alongwith Ambassador of
Pakistan to France Moin ul
Haque inaugurated the biggest
ever Pakistan Pavilion at the
Multicultural World village in
Lyon, the second Largest city in
the center of France

23. Tastefully and creatively decorated
Pakistan pavilion adorned with
cultural artefacts of Pakistan
attracted large number of visitors.
The colorful and diverse traditional
embroidery and folk dresses, spicy
cuisine, display of truck art, photo
exhibition by Pakistani artists Mr.
Imran Chaudhary and Bilal Javid
and folk and popular music of
Pakistan were the main attractions
of the Festival.

24. France, 11th July, 2017. A large
variety of Mango dishes creatively
prepared and artistically presented
by the renowned French two
Michelin star Chef Sylvester Wahid
enthralled the French dignitaries and
notables at the first of its kind
Pakistan Mango Festival held at the
Embassy of Pakistan in Paris
yesterday.

25. Paris, 20th July, 2017.
Pakistan and France have
signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) to
deepen bilateral scientific
cooperation in the field
of meteorology.

27. Paris September 17, 2017. The first ever
mega Pakistan Festival held to celebrate 70
years of Pakistan’s independence concluded
in suburbs of Paris today after a splendid
display of Pakistan’s culture, handicrafts,
fashion, music and cuisine.
Thousands of people from various walks of
life including local French officials,
diplomats, members of French Civil Society,
media persons and expatriate Pakistanis
attended the festival.

28. Paris September 29, 2019. The
third edition of mega Pakistan
Festival was held in Sarcelles, a
city in the suburbs of Paris
today. This year’s event was
specially dedicated to express
solidarity with the oppressed
people of Indian Occupied
Jammu and Kashmir.

29. Paris 20th November 2017. A 2-
day festival of Pakistani
traditional and folk music, display
of Pakistani handicrafts and folk
heritage, screening of
documentaries and children
workshops concluded in Paris,
yesterday.
The event jointly organized by the
House of World Cultures and
Embassy of Pakistan was hosted at
the prestigious Theatre de la Ville
(Espace Pierre Cardin) in Paris.

31. Paris 28th March, 2017. Pakistani
Qawwals Ayaz Farid and Abu
Mohammad captivated the French
audience with their performance
in a Qawwali concert organized by
the Embassy of Pakistan to France
as part of its Public Diplomacy
Initiative ‘celebrating Pakistan’
and as well as to mark seventy
years of the Independence of

32. Paris 16.11.17. Five French
parliamentarians led by Mr.
Jean Bernard Sempastous,
the newly appointed
President of the France
Pakistan Friendship Group in
the French National
Assembly is all set to visit
Pakistan next month. First in
ten years

33. Paris 15th November 2017.
Pakistan would welcome
French cooperation and
collaboration in the
development of mass transit
transport system in Pakistan
to provide modern and
efficient travelling facilities
to its population of 207
million

34. Paris 25th October 2017.
A joint painting
exhibition by Mr. Akram
Dost a renowned painter
and artist of Pakistan
and Mr. Bertrand Bellon
of France was held in
Paris from 19-24 of this
month.

35. Paris October 4, 2017. A special fashion show by the world renowned Pakistani fashion designer Ms. Nilofer Shahid
was organized by the Embassy of Pakistan to France in Paris to showcase seven decades of Pakistan’s fashion.

36. Paris 22nd Sept, 2017. A
Pakistan food pavilion
artistically decorated with
the handicrafts, truck art
and spices of Pakistan was
the centre of attraction
during the 2nd edition of
the three day
international Gastronomy
Festival held in Paris from
22nd – 24th of this
month.

37. Paris September 19, 2017.
The participation of the 36
Pakistani companies in the
Texworld exhibition would
greatly help in giving an
impetus to the exports of
textile products to the
European markets.
Paris, September 12, 2016: Pakistan high end textile products displayed artistically
was viewed and appreciated by thousands of participants, visitors and business
persons in the 39th Edition of four day Texworld Exhibition being held in Paris,
France from 12th September 2016.

38. • International Conference on Mountains of
Pakistan
• A half-day seminar with presentations, panel
discussion, slide shows.
• Famous mountaineers from Pakistan, France
and other countries to share their experiences.
• Screening of a relevant movie/documentary.
• Organizing photographic exhibition on the
sidelines.
• Serving of Pakistani food at the conclusion of
the event.
• Participants/Invitees:
• Famous mountaineers/hikers, representatives of
relevant clubs/associations, sports persons,
diplomatic missions, UNESCO staff, tourist
operators, media, etc.
• Venue: UNESCO headquarters, Hall-I

41. Paris 27th January, 2020. A delegation of
Pakistan-France Education, Culture and Sports
Association in Paris led by its President Mr.
Fazal Aleem called on the Ambassador.
The delegation briefed the Ambassador on their
project to setup a fully equipped educational,
cultural and sports centre in the Criel city,
located in the suburb of Paris.
Paris: 13th February, 2019. 2nd edition of Urdu
Cultural Day was celebrated by French National
Institute of Oriental Languages and Civilizations
(INALCO) in Pariswith a splendid display of Pakistan
culture, recitation of Urdu poetry, singing of Urdu
songs and photographic exhibition of Pakistan’s rich
cultural and architecture heritage.