The document discusses maglev trains, which use magnetic levitation for frictionless travel at high speeds. It describes two main types - electromagnetic suspension systems that use electromagnets for levitation and propulsion, and electrodynamic suspension systems that use superconducting magnets. Maglev trains offer advantages over conventional trains like lower energy use, operating costs, and greater safety. Current projects include operational systems in Germany and Japan, with future plans in India and other applications being explored.

1. UNITED COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
RESEARCH, NAINI, ALLAHABAD
Department of Electrical Engineering
Seminar Presentation On
MEGLEV TRAIN
Presented By:-
PUSHPENDRA SINGH
Guided By:-
Ms. SWETA UPADHAYAY

2. PLAN OF PRESENTATION
❖ Introduction
❖ Magnetic levitation
❖ Basic principle & type of magnetic trains
❖ Electromagnetic suspension
❖ Electrodynamics suspension
❖ Advantage of maglev transportation
system
❖ Current projects
❖ Applications
❖ Conclusion
❖ References

3. INTRODUCTION
 Why maglev trains needeed ?
 increasing pollution level from automobiles
➢ Depleting fuel resources
➢ Limited range of buses and cars
➢ Need for fast
 High speed trains are solution for these problems
and Maglev trains are even better solution
 Maglev trains are based on maglev principle and
they are non contact , friction less , high speed
with low maintenance cost trains.

4. MAGNETIC LEVIATION
 Magnetic levitation is the use of magnetic fields
to levitate a metallic object.
 Manipulating magnetic fields and controlling
their forces can levitate an object.
 Using either Ferromagnetism or Diamagnetism
object can be levitated.
 A superconductor is perfectly diamagnetic and
electromagnets can exhibit varying levels of
ferromagnetism
 Most important application of Magnetic
Levitation is Transrapid magnetic lift trains.

5. BASIC PRINCIPLE OF
MAGLEV TRAINS
Maglev trains have to perform the following
functions to operate in high speeds
1.Leviation 2.Propulsion 3.Lateral
Guidance

6. TRAINS
Based on the technique used for Leviation there
are two types of Maglev trains
1. Electromagnetic Suspension -Attractive
2. Electrodynamic Suspension-repulsive

7.  Electromagnetic Suspension uses electromagnets
to leviate the train
ELECTROMAGNETIC
SUSPENSION(EMS)

8. PRINCIPLE OF MAGNETIC
LEVIATION
 In the EMS-attractive system, the electromagnets which
do the work of levitation are attached on the top side of a
casing When a current is passed through it, and the
electromagnet switched on, there is attraction between
electromagnets and due to attraction car levitates.

9.  A linear electric motor (LEM) is a mechanism which
converts electrical energy directly into linear motion
without employing any intervening rotary components
 Linear Induction Motor (LIM) is basically a rotating
squirrel cage induction motor opened out flat
 Instead of producing rotary torque from a cylindrical
machine it produces linear force from a flat one.
 LIM thrusts vary from just a few to thousands of Newtons ,
depending mainly on the size and rating
 Speeds vary from zero to many meters per second and are
determined by design and supply frequency
PRINCIPLE OF PROPULSION

10. GAP SENSOR
 This attractive force is controlled by a gap sensor
that measures the distance between the rails and
electromagnets

11.  Electrodynamic Suspension uses
Superconductors for leviation,propulsion and
lateral guidance
2-ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION

12.  Superconductivity occurs in certain materials at
very low temperatures.
 When superconductive, a material has an
electrical resistance of exactly zero.
 It is also characterized by a phenomenon called
the Miessner effect. This is the ejection of any
sufficiently weak magnetic field from the interior
of the superconductor as it transitions into the
superconducting state.
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

13. •The passing of the superconducting magnets by figure eight
levitation coils on the side of the tract induces a current in the
coils and creates a magnetic field. This pushes the train upward
so that it can levitate 1 to 7 inches above the track.
•The train does not levitate until it reaches 50 mph, so it is
equipped with retractable wheels.
PRINCIPLE OF MAGNET
LEVITATION

14. •The propulsion coils located on the sidewalls on both sides of the
guideway are energized by a three-phase alternating current from
a substation, creating a shifting magnetic field on the guideway.
•The on-board superconducting magnets are attracted and pushed
by the shifting field, propelling the Maglev vehicle.
•Braking is accomplished by sending an alternating current in the
reverse direction so that it is slowed by attractive and repulsive
forces.
PRINCIPLE OF PROPULSION

15. •When one side of the train nears the side of the guideway, the
super conducting magnet on the train induces a repulsive force
from the levitation coils on the side closer to the train and an
attractive force from the coils on the farther side.
•This keeps the train in the center.
PRINCIPLE OF LATERAL
GUIDANCE

16.  Each SCM 3 SC coils. The SCM features high reliability
and high durability.
 The cylindrical unit at the top is a tank holding liquefied
helium and nitrogen.
 The bottom unit is an SC coil alternately generating N
poles and S poles.
THE SCM (SUPER CONDUCTING
MAGNET)

17.  An EDS system can provide both leviation and
propulsion using an onboard linear motor.
 EMS systems can only levitate the train using
the magnets onboard, not propel it forward.
 Over long distances where the cost of propulsion
coils could be prohibitive, a propeller or jet
engine could be used.

18. ADVANTAGES OF MAGNETIC
LEVITATE TRANSPORTATION
SYSTEM
 Maglev uses 30% less energy than a high-speed train
traveling at the same speed (1/3 more power for the same
amount of energy).
 The operating costs of a maglev system are approximately
half that of conventional long-distance railroads.
 Research has shown that the maglev is about 20 times
safer than airplanes, 250 times safer than conventional
railroads, and 700 times safer than automobile travel.
 Maglev vehicle carries no fuel to increase fire hazard
 The materials used to construct maglev vehicles are non-
combustible, poor penetration transmitters of heat, and
able to withstand fire.

19. CURRENT PROJECTS
 Currently operational systems include
Transrapid (Germany ) and High Speed Surface
Transport (Japan ). There are several other
projects under scrutiny such as the SwissMetro,
Seraphim and Inductrack. All have to do with
personal rapid transit
 Future Projects in india : Mumbai – Delhi ,
Mumbai – Nagpur, Chennai – Bangalore –
Mysore
 Germany and Japan have been the pioneering
countries in MagLev research

20. OTHER APPLICATIONS
 NASA plans to use magnetic levitation for
launching of space vehicles into low earth orbit.
 Boeing is pursuing research in MagLev to
provide a Hypersonic Ground Test Facility for
the Air Force.
 The mining industry will also benefit from
MagLev.
 There are probably many more undiscovered
applications!

21.  The Maglev Train: Research on this ‘dream train'
has been going on for the last 30 odd years in
various parts of the world.
 The chief advantages of this type of train are:
Non-contact and non-wearing propulsion,
independent of friction, no mechanical
components like wheel, axle.
 Maintenance costs decrease
 The MagLev offers a cheap, efficient alternative to
the current rail system. A country like India
could benefit very much if this were implemented
here. Further possible applications need to be
explored
CONCLUSION

22. REFERENCES
1. Mamoru Taniguchi, “High Speed Rail in Japan: A
Review and Evaluation of Magnetic Levitation Train,”
working paper, April 2010.
2. Brandon Gilmore, Jeff Deely, “Magnetic Levitation
Transportation by the use of
Electromagnets in Maglev Trains,” A11, paper- 3068,
April 2013.
3. http://www.railserve.com/maglev.html
4. http://www.tech-faq.com/how-does-a-maglev-train-
works.html