Define and Discuss

1. “ WE DON’T SEE THINGS AS THEY ARE, WE
SEE THINGS AS WE ARE.”
PERCEPTION
Purshottam, SRF,
Department of Social Work,
KUK

2. Perception
“ The study of perception is concerned with
identifying the process through which we
interpret and organize sensory information to
produce our conscious experience of objects
and object relationship.”
“ Perception is the process of receiving
information about and making sense of the
world around us. It involves deciding which
information to notice, how to categorize
this information and how to interpret it
within the framework of existing
knowledge.

3. PERCEPTION
Meaning : Perception refers to the way we
try to understand the world around us.
Definition:
It is a process by which individuals
organize and interpret their sensory
impressions in order to give meaning to
their environment.

4. PERCEPTION
 The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something
through the senses.
 Perception is the process of recognizing and interpreting
sensory stimuli (sensitivity) or information . (feeling cold,
hot, horror seen)
 Think of all the ways in which you experience the world
around you. For example, you recognize your favorite
food by its aroma and the way it looks. You recognize an
orange by its round shape, citrus flavor, and its color. You
recognize a song by listening to its melody and the
singer's voice. It is through these sensory experiences
that we interact with and interpret things in our world.
Recognizing and interpreting sensory information, such
as sound and smells, are all a part of perception.

6.  Perception - recognition and interpretation of
sensory information. Perception also includes how
we respond to the information.
 Perception as a process where we take in sensory
information from our environment and use that
information in order to interact with our
environment. Perception allows us to take the
sensory information in and make it into something
meaningful.
 Without sensory information, we would not be able
to judge which food was too hot or when the
appropriate time to cross the street would be,
which could put us and our children in danger.

7. THE NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF
PERCEPTION
 Perception, is a unique interpretation of the
situation, not an exact recording of it.
 It is a very complex cognitive process that
yields a unique picture of the world, a picture
that may be quite different from reality.

9. SENSATION VS PERCEPTION
 All the physical senses are vision, hearing, touch, smell and
taste.
 Sensations are the first stages in the functioning
of senses to represent stimuli from the environment, and
perception is a higher brain function about interpreting
events and objects in the world.
 Perception is more complex and more broader than
Sensation. It is a complicated interaction of selection,
organization and interpretation.
 Though perception largely depends upon the senses for raw
data, the cognitive process may filter, modify or completely
change these data. (E.g. Tree looked at from one side and
then from the other).

10.  The Purchasing agent buys a part which she
thinks best and not the part which the
engineer says is best.
 A subordinates answer to a question is based
on what he heard the boss say, not on what
the boss actually said.
 The same worker may be good for one
supervisor, and bad for another.
 The same item may be high quality for one
inspector and low quality for a customer.

12. THE PERCEPTUAL PROCESS
1. Sensation
 An individual’s ability to
detect stimuli in the
immediate
environment.
2. Selection
 The process a person
uses to eliminate some
of the stimuli that have
been sensed and to
retain others for further
processing.
3. Organization
 The process of placing
selected perceptual
stimuli into a
framework for
“storage.”
4. Translation
 The stage of the
perceptual process at
which stimuli are
interpreted and given
meaning.

13. PARALLEL LINES?

14. EMBEDDED IMAGES

16. SHIMMER

17. ANY MOVEMENT YOU SEE IS AN ILLUSION!

18. PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION
 It is the process by which we group outside stimuli into
recognizable and identifiable patterns.
 Perceptual organization is the ability to take in visual,
auditory and sensory information and use that information
effectively to accomplish a task.
 Without perceptual organization, we would not be able to
distinguish a circle from a square.
 Certain factors are considered to be important contributors
on assembling, organizing and categorizing information in
the human brain. These are

19. GESTALT LAWS OF PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION
 Gestalt psychology was founded by German
thinkers Max Wertheimer, W. Kohler and Kurt
Koffka and focused on how people interpret the
world.
 According to Gestalt psychology, the whole is
different than the sum of its parts.
 Based upon this belief, Gestalt psychologists
developed a set of principles to explain
perceptual organization, or how smaller objects
are grouped to form larger ones. These
principles are often referred to as the "laws of
perceptual organization."

21.  Figure is a typical textbook
example of the principle of
similarity, whereby we see
the circles and triangles as
forming four horizontal
rows (or at least some
configuration where
triangles and circles are
grouped depending on their
shape).Objects similar to
each other thus tend to be
seen as a unit.

23.  The logo of
visitnorway.com can
be viewed as both
three separate
elements of blue,
green and navy
colour. It may,
however, also be
viewed as a person
stretching his/her
arms into the air.

25.  We perceive the MTV logo and
the logo for the Europe Music
Awards as forming a group in
the top left corner and the logos
of the sponsors as forming a
group in the bottom right corner.
The white space separating the
two groups of logos is used to
indicate 'grouping', and the
proximity of the logos of each
groups is thus used to this end.
Thus, a semantic separation of
'organizers' from 'sponsors' is
achieved via structuring the
graphical layout in accordance
with this simple principle of
perceptual organization.

31.  The law of closure posits that
we perceptually close up, or
complete, objects that are not,
in fact, complete. In the above,
we perceive the letters 'I', 'B',
and 'M' although the shapes
we see, in fact, are only lines
of white space of differing
length hovering above each
other.
 The typical textbook example
of the law of closure; we
perceive a circle and not 8
individual circles.

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