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PORTABLE SYSTEM DURABILITY: DELL LATITUDE 6430U ULTRABOOK VS. OLDER
DELL LATITUDE NOTEBOOK




                             Replacing your four-year-old notebook with a new Dell Latitude 6430u
                     Ultrabook™ can bring a number of advantages. In addition to extreme portability thanks
                     to its sleek profile and light weight, you can enjoy cooler operating temperatures and
                     better protection of data during an accidental fall.
                             Principled Technologies (PT) tested two Dell Latitude notebooks – the recently
                     released Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook and an older notebook, the Dell Latitude E6400.
                     First, we measured the surface temperature at several external locations and found that
                     the Ultrabook ran cooler. Next, we repeatedly dropped both systems from a desk-high
                     height of 29 inches and found that the Ultrabook survived the falls better, experiencing
                     no physical damage to the case and no damage to data on its solid-state drive. These
                     findings, along with the new Ultrabook’s sleek and light profile, show that the Dell
                     Latitude 6430u is an attractive choice for users seeking a durable system that provides a
                     comfortable user experience.




                                                                                                     MARCH 2013
                                         A PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES TEST REPORT
                                                                                          Commissioned by Dell Inc.
COOL + STURDY = DURABLE
                                              When investing in a portable computer, it’s important to select one that will
                                     hold up over time. We tested the older Dell Latitude E6400 notebook and the new Dell
                                     Latitude 6430u Ultrabook with durability in mind. We measured the systems’ operating
                                     temperature when under a heavy load and their ability to continue working—and
                                     protect data—after we dropped them from a height of 29 inches.
                                              How warm the surface of a portable computer gets while in use is not only an
                                     important factor in user comfort—no one wants to hold a hot system on his or her lap—
                                     but contributes to its durability as well. It is well established within IT that high
                                     operating temperatures decrease hardware reliability. Excess heat can create problems
                                     for hard drives, CPUs, memory, and other components. For example, overheating can
                                     expand hard drive platters, causing the drive to fail. At the very least, excess heat will
                                     likely reduce the drive’s effective operating life. According to a recent Fujitsu
                                     whitepaper, hard disk manufacturers now suggest cooler operating temperatures for
                                     drive enclosures.1
                                              Many users fail to back up their data as often as they should, and a drive failure
                                     can mean not only costly replacement but the inconvenience of data loss as well.
                                     Inadequate ventilation and cooling isn’t the only cause of damage to drives. Despite our
                                     best efforts to be careful, accidents do happen and portable systems occasionally take a
                                     tumble. Systems vary considerably in how well they can survive such an event.
                                              To learn how the new Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook compares to an older Dell
                                     Latitude E6400 notebook in the area of durability, we conducted two sets of tests. In the
                                     first, we measured surface temperature while the systems were running an intensive
                                     workload. In the second, we dropped the systems multiple times under controlled
                                     circumstances. After each drop, we observed the system and used tools that assess hard
                                     drive damage to measure how well the system had protected its data. (For detailed
                                     configuration information on the two systems, see Appendix A. For a detailed
                                     description of the tests we conducted, see Appendix B.)
                                              We found that the new Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook ran considerably cooler
                                     and protected its data better during the falls than the older notebook.




1
    http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/COMP/fcpa/hdd/sata-mobile-ext-duty_wp.pdf


     Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell             A Principled Technologies test report 2
     Latitude notebook
WHAT WE FOUND
Temperature
                                          We measured the temperature of the systems at key spots, and found that the
                                 Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook ran considerably cooler. Figure 1 shows the difference in
                                 temperature between locations on the systems with which you commonly come into
                                 contact and ambient, or room, temperature during testing. (Because the ambient
                                 temperature varied throughout our testing, the temperature difference between the
                                 ambient temperature and the surface temperature we recorded for each system makes
                                 for the fairest comparison.)

Surface temperature difference while under              Dell Latitude E6400          Dell Latitude       Degrees cooler for
load (degrees above room temperature)                        notebook              6430u Ultrabook           Ultrabook
Left palm rest                                             7.5C (13.5F)            1.2C (2.1F)         6.3C (11.4F)
Right palm rest                                            7.0C (12.5F)            0.4C (0.6F)         6.6C (11.9F)
Underside HDD                                             13.7C (24.7F)           12.4C (22.3F)        1.3C (2.4F)
Exhaust vent                                              22.3C (40.1F)           18.4C (33.1F)        3.9C (7.0F)
Figure 1: Degrees above ambient temperature of key locations for the systems while under load.

Sturdiness
                                          Our drop test measured the damage that a drop of 29 inches (73.7 cm) inflicts
                                 upon an open system running a workload. We dropped each system a maximum of
                                 three times onto a surface of low pile carpeting like that typically found in an office
                                 environment. After each drop, we ran HD Tune Pro 5.00 and HDDScan 3.3, tests that
                                 assesses hard drive damage, to measure how well the system had protected its data.
                                 Once a system failed to boot, we conducted no further testing on that system.
Drop 1
                                          After the first drop, both systems continued to run the workload. When our
                                 technician attempted to restart them, both successfully restarted. The two scans we
                                 conducted showed zero damage on the two systems’ storage drives.
                                          While the Ultrabook showed no physical damage at all, we observed moderate
                                 physical damage to the Dell Latitude E6400. The two sides of the lid separated, but our
                                 technician was able to put them back together. The screen of this notebook system
                                 remained intact.
Drop 2
                                          After the second drop, the new Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook continued to run
                                 the workload. The older Dell Latitude E6400 notebook, however, crashed, displayed a
                                 black warning screen and then rebooted back into Windows with a “shutdown
                                 unexpectedly” warning.
                                          When our technician attempted to restart them, both successfully restarted.
                                 The two scans we conducted showed zero damage on the two systems’ drives.


   Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell          A Principled Technologies test report 3
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As was the case after the first drop, the Ultrabook showed no physical damage
                                   at all. In addition to the same moderate physical damage to the lid of the Dell Latitude
                                   E6400 that resulted from the first drop, we observed that this system’s optical drive also
                                   popped open on impact.
Drop 3
                                            After the third drop, both systems continued to run the workload. When our
                                   technician attempted to restart them, both successfully restarted.
                                            The two scans we conducted showed zero damage on the Dell Latitude 6430u
                                   Ultrabook’s solid-state drive. However, the scans revealed slight damage on Dell
                                   Latitude E6400 notebook’s hard disk drive. The HDTune scan on the reported 0.1
                                   percent damaged blocks and one bad block appeared on the HDD Scan report.
                                            As was the case after the first and second drops, the Ultrabook showed no
                                   physical damage at all. The Dell Latitude E6400 notebook experienced the same physical
                                   damage as on the first two drops, with the two sides of the lid separating and optical
                                   drive opening on impact.
                                            Figure 2 shows the results of our hard drive scans. As it shows, both systems
                                   survived the first two drops with zero damage to the data on their drives. However,
                                   after the third drop, one block on the older notebook’s hard drive had gone bad.

Drop testing – physical data protection                  Dell Latitude E6400 notebook       Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook
Drop 1
HD Tune Pro 5.00 damaged blocks percentage                              0%                                0%
HDDScan 3.3 bad blocks                                                   0                                 0
Drop 2
HD Tune Pro 5.00 damaged blocks percentage                              0%                                0%
HDDScan 3.3 bad blocks                                                   0                                 0
Drop 3
HD Tune Pro 5.00 damaged blocks percentage                             0.1%                               0%
HDDScan 3.3 bad blocks                                                   1                                 0
Figure 2: The results of our physical data protection drop test for the systems.




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IN CONCLUSION
                                      No one wants to replace a portable system before its time because excessive
                              heat has caused its components to stop working prematurely. Nor should you risk losing
                              valuable data because of a moment of clumsiness. Investing in the Dell Latitude 6430u
                              Ultrabook gives you not only a sleek, light system but also cooler operating
                              temperatures and better durability to help avoid these scenarios.
                                       In our tests, the Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook ran cooler and sustained less
                              damage when dropped than the older Dell Latitude E6400 notebook. The proven
                              durability of the Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook makes it an excellent choice to replace
                              your older system.




 Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell       A Principled Technologies test report 5
 Latitude notebook
APPENDIX A – SYSTEM CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
         Figure 3 provides detailed configuration information for the test systems.

System                                        Dell Latitude E6400 notebook                Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook

General
Number of processor packages              1                                           1
Number of cores per processor             2                                           2
Number of hardware threads per core       1                                           2
Total number of processor threads in
                                          2                                           4
system
System power management policy            Balanced                                    Dell
Processor power-saving option             EIST                                        EIST
System dimensions (length x width x       13.25" x 9.6" x 1.25"                       13.31” x 9.04” x 0.82”
height)                                   33.7 cm x 24.4 cm x 3.2 cm                  33.8 cm x 22.9 cm x 2.1 cm
                                          5.2 lbs.                                    3.9 lbs.
System weight
                                          2.4 Kg                                      1.8 Kg
CPU
Vendor                                    Intel®                                      Intel
Name                                      Core™ 2 Duo                                 Core i5
Model number                              P8600                                       3427U
Stepping                                  R0                                          E1
Socket type and number of pins            Socket P (478)                              Socket 988B rPGA
Core frequency (GHz)                      2.40                                        1.8 (2.8 GHz Turbo Boost Technology)
Bus frequency                             1,066 MHz                                   DMI 5 GT/s
L1 cache                                  32 KB + 32 KB (per core)                    32 KB + 32 KB (per core)
L2 cache                                  3 MB (shared)                               512 KB (256 KB per core)
L3 cache                                  N/A                                         3 MB (shared)
Platform
Vendor                                    Dell                                        Dell
Motherboard model number                  0U692R                                      0WTRMG
Motherboard chipset                       Intel GM45                                  Intel QM77
BIOS name and version                     Dell A32 (02/09/2012)                       Dell A03 (12/03/2012)
Memory module(s)
                                          Hyundai Electronics HMP125S6EFR8C-          Hyundai Electronics HMT351S6CFR8C-
Vendor and model number
                                          S6                                          PB
Type                                      PC2-6400                                    PC3-12800
Speed (MHz)                               800                                         1600
Speed running in the system (MHz)         800                                         1600
Timing/Latency (tCL-tRCD-tRP-
                                          6-6-6-18                                    11-11-11-28
tRASmin)
Size (MB)                                 2,048                                       4,096
Number of memory module(s)                2                                           2
Total amount of system RAM (GB)           4                                           8
Chip organization (single-
                                          Double-sided                                Double-sided
sided/double-sided)

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System                                       Dell Latitude E6400 notebook           Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook

Channel (single/dual)                   Dual                                    Dual
Storage
                                        Western Digital WD1600BJKT spindle      LITEON LMT-128M3M solid-state
Vendor and model number
                                        HDD                                     drive
Number of disks in system               1                                       1
Size (GB)                               160                                     128
Buffer size (MB)                        16                                      NA
RPM                                     7,200                                   NA
Type                                    SATA 3.0 Gb/s                           mSATA SSD
                                        Intel ICH9M-E/M SATA AHCI               Intel Mobile Express Chipset SATA
Controller
                                        Controller                              RAID Controller
Driver                                  Intel 11.0.0.1032 (11/29/2011)          Intel 11.5.0.1207 (07/09/2012)
Operating system
Name                                    Microsoft Windows 7 Professional x64    Microsoft Windows 8 Professional x64
Build number                            7601                                    9200
Service Pack                            1                                       N/A
File system                             NTFS                                    NTFS
Kernel                                  ACPI x64-based PC                       ACPI x64-based PC
Language                                English                                 English
Microsoft DirectX version               11                                      11
Graphics
Vendor and model number                 Mobile Intel GMA 4500MHD                Intel HD Graphics 4000
Type                                    Integrated                              Integrated
                                        Mobile Intel 4 Series Express Chipset
Chipset                                                                         Intel HD Graphics Family
                                        Family
BIOS version                            2107.23                                 0.3
Total available graphics memory (MB)    1,695                                   1,664
Dedicated video memory (MB)             64                                      32
System video memory (MB)                0                                       0
Shared system memory (MB)               1,631                                   1,632
Resolution                              1,280 x 800                             1,366 x 768
Driver                                  Intel 8.15.10.2869 (10/04/2012)         Intel 9.17.10.2932 (12/12/2012)
Sound card/subsystem
Vendor and model number                 IDT High Definition Audio CODEC         IDT High Definition Audio CODEC
Driver                                  IDT 6.10.0.6274 (03/09/2010)            IDT 6.10.0.6421 (08/09/2012)
Ethernet
Vendor and model number                 Intel 82567LM Gigabit                   Intel 82579LM Gigabit
Driver                                  Intel 10.0.6.0 (06/12/2009)             Intel 12.2.45.5031 (09/24/2012)
Wireless
Vendor and model number                 Intel WiFi 5100 AGN                     Intel Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 AGN
Driver                                  Intel 14.3.2.1 (01/22/2012)             Intel 15.5.6.48 (10/04/2012)




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System                                          Dell Latitude E6400 notebook       Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook

Modem
Vendor and model number                     HDA CX11270 Soft Modem             N/A
Driver                                      Microsoft 7.80.2.52 (11/15/2008)   N/A
Optical drive(s)
Vendor and model number                     TSSTcorp TS-U633A                  External models available
Type                                        DVD-RW                             N/A
USB ports
Number                                      4                                  3
Type                                        3 x USB 3.0, 1 x eSATA/USB 2.0     2 x USB 3.0, 1 x eSATA/USB 3.0
Other                                       Media card reader, display port    Media card reader, HDMI, VGA
IEEE 1394 ports
Number                                      1 (4-pin)                          0
Monitor
LCD type                                    WXGA                               WLED
Screen size                                 14.1”                              14.0”
Refresh rate                                60 Hz                              60 Hz
Battery
Type                                        Dell PT434 lithium-ion             Dell 9KGF8 lithium-ion
                                            8.25" x 2" x .80"                  13.19” x 4.38” x 0.5”
Size (length x width x height)
                                            20.9 cm x 5.1 cm x 2.0 cm          33.5 cm x 11.1 cm x 1.3 cm
Rated capacity                              5050 mAh / 11.1V (56Wh)            5400 mAh / 11.1V (60Wh)
                                            11 oz.                             1 lb.
Weight
                                            0.31 Kg                            0.45 Kg
Figure 3: System configuration information for the test systems.




   Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell    A Principled Technologies test report 8
   Latitude notebook
APPENDIX B - HOW WE TESTED
Measuring surface temperature
Measuring system temperature while running PassMark’s BurnInTest Professional v7.0
Test requirements
 Fluke 2680A Data Acquisition System
 PassMark BurnInTest Professional
Setting up the system
1. Set the power plan to the manufacturer’s default setting.
2. Set the display brightness to 100 percent:
    a. Click Start.
    b. In the Start menu’s quick search field, type Power Options.
    c. Move the Screen brightness slider all the way to the right.
3. Set the remaining power plan settings as follows:
     Dim the display: Never
     Turn off the display: Never
     Put the computer to sleep: Never
4. Disable the screen saver.
5. Plug the AC adapter into the system, and completely charge the battery.
6. Place the system in a windowless, climate-controlled room.
7. Attach a Type T thermocouple to the system at the three locations noted in Appendix C.
8. Configure the Fluke® 2680A Data Acquisition System to take measurements from the three surface temperature
    probes and one ambient temperature probe using the Fluke DAQ software.
    a. Connect the three Type T thermocouples to three channels in the Fluke Fast Analog Input module (FAI).
    b. In the Fluke DAQ software, click each surface temperature channel, select Thermocouple from the list of
        Functions, and choose T from the list of ranges.
    c. Label each channel with the surface location associated with each thermocouple.
    d. In the Fluke DAQ software, click the ambient temperature channel, select Thermocouple from the list of
        Functions, and choose F from the list of ranges.
    e. Label this channel Ambient.
9. While running each test, use a Fluke 2680A Data Acquisition System to monitor ambient and surface temperature.
Measuring system temperature while running PassMark’s BurnInTest Professional v7.0
Setting up the test
1. Download PassMark’s BurnInTest Professional 7.0 from http://www.passmark.com/products/bit.htm.
2. Double-click bitpro_x64.exe to run setup.
3. At the Welcome screen, click Next.
4. Accept the license agreement, and click Next.
5. At the Choose Install Location screen, accept the default location of C:Program FilesBurnInTest, and click Next.
6. At the Select Start Menu Folder screen, click Next.
7. At the Ready to Install screen, click Install.
8. At the Completing the BurnInTest Setup Wizard screen, deselect View Readme.txt, and click Finish to launch
    BurnInTest.
9. At the Purchasing information screen, copy and paste the Username and key, and click Continue.
10. At the Key accepted screen, click OK.
11. Select Test selection and duty cycles from the Configuration menu item.
12. Select CPU, 2D Graphics, 3D Graphics, and Disk(s), and deselect all other subsystems.
13. Set load to 100, and click OK.


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14. Select Test Preferences from the Configuration menu item and set or verify the following by clicking on each tab:
    a. Disk: select C: drive
    b. Logging: select Turn automatic logging on
    c. 2D Graphics: select All available Video Memory
    d. 3D Graphics: use defaults
    e. CPU: use defaults
Running the test
1. Boot the system and launch PassMark’s BurnInTest by double-clicking the desktop icon.
2. Bring up an elevated command prompt:
        a. Select Windows Start orb.
        b. Type cmd and press Control-Shift-Enter.
3. Type Cmd.exe /c start /wait Rundll32.exe advapi32.dll,ProcessIdleTasks
    Do not interact with the system until the command completes.
4. After the command completes, wait 5 minutes before running the test.
5. Simultaneously click Start Selected Tests in the BurnInTest V7.0 Pro screen and start the Fluke 2680A data logger
    using the Fluke DAQ software.
6. At 55 minutes, take the following images of the workstation with a FLIR i7 thermal imaging camera.
     Front – keyboard and display
     Underside and back of display
7. Stop the Fluke 2680A data logger using the Fluke DAQ software at 60 minutes.
8. Use the thermal measurement CSV file to find and report the highest temperature measured at each location during
    the test.
9. Power the system off for 1 hour, and allow it to return to room temperature.
10. Repeat the steps 2 through 9 two more times.
Testing sturdiness
        This test measures the damage a drop of 29 inches (73.7 cm) onto a carpeted surface inflicts upon an open
system running MAXON® CINEBENCH 11.5.

Setting up CINEBENCH R11.5
1. Download CINEBENCH 11.5 from http://www.maxon.net/downloads/cinebench.html.
2. Install CINEBENCH:
    a. Right-click the CINEBENCH ZIP file, and choose Extract All.
    b. In the Select a Destination and Extract Files window, click Browse, click Desktop, and click OK.
    c. Click Extract.

Running CINEBENCH 11.5
1. Launch CINEBENCH 11.5 by double-clicking the CINEBENCH 11.5.exe file in the CINEBENCH 11.5 folder.
2. Enter the MHz frequency of the processor in the MHz (real freq.) field.
3. Click Start all tests.

Conducting the drop test
       We used a Lansmont PDT56ED Precision Drop Tester, with a landing area covered by commercial carpet. We
opened the system so that the screen and keyboard formed a 120-degree angle, and then placed the system flat on the
platen. Orienting the system in this way resulted in a flat drop. (Figure 4 shows our test setup.)




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  Latitude notebook
To allow us to scan the systems identically, we booted to a Hiren’s BootCD and installed the hard disk scanning
software to the Microsoft® Windows® 7 virtual machine’s RAM disk. Running the scanning software from RAM, we
scanned the hard disk with HD Tune Pro 5.00 and HDDScan for Windows 3.3, and recorded the number of bad sectors
and blocks before and after the drop test. We also recorded any other physical defects, such as cracks or breaks in the
display, as well as separated hinges or displaced screws, which the impact of the drop caused. We took still photographs
of the systems before and after each drop. We dropped each system once, using this process:

1. Install MAXON CINEBENCH 11.5 onto the test system, as outlined above.
2. Run EFD Software’s HD Tune Pro 5.00 and HDDScan 3.3 to get baseline data on the state of the hard disk. Boot the
   system using a Hiren’s BootCD.
   a. Install HD Tune Pro 5.00:
        i.   Insert a USB flash drive containing the HD Tune Pro installation executable, and click once on My Computer.
       ii.   Navigate to the USB drive, and double-click the hdtunepro_500_trial.exe installation file to install the
             application.
      iii.   At the welcome screen, click Next.
      iv.    Click the I accept the agreement radio button, and click Next.
       v.    In the Select Destination Location window,
             click Browse.
      vi.    Click the RAMDisk drive once to select it, and
             click OK.
     vii.    Click Next in the next two windows.
    viii.    Leave check box empty for Create a desktop
             icon, and click Next.
      ix.    Click Install.
       x.    Leave the check box checked for Launch HD
             Tune Pro, and click Finish.
   b. Run the HD Tune Pro 5.00 Error Scan:
        i.   Select the Error Scan tab.
       ii.   Click Start in the right hand pane.
                  Note: The Error Scan is complete when
                the Start button changes from grey to
                black.
   c. Save the Error Scan Results.
   d. Click the Copy information to clipboard button on
       the upper right hand menu bar (it is the first
       button on the left):
        i.   Open a new text file by clicking StartRun,
             typing notepad, and clicking OK.
       ii.   In the Notepad window, click EditPaste.
      iii.   Click FileSave As, enter an appropriate
             filename using a .txt extension, and
             choose the location to save the file (we         Figure 4: Our physical data protection test setup.
             saved ours to a USB flash drive). Click Save.
   e. Close the HD Tune Pro 5.00 Hard Disk Utility.
   f. Scan the system’s hard drive with HDDScan for Windows version 3.3:
        i.   Open the HDDScan folder, and double-click the HDDScan.exe executable file to run the application.

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ii.   Click TasksSurface Tests to open the Test Selection window.
     iii.   Select Verify from the list of tests, and click Add Test.
     iv.    At the conclusion of the run, double-click the VR-Verify test id in the Test Manager window to open up the
            results.
      v.    Select the Report tab, and copy and paste the test results into Notepad.
     vi.    Save the results as a text file.

3. Set the height of the platen on the Lansmont Precision Drop Tester to 29 inches (73.7 cm) above the surface of the
    28-ounce commercial carpeting.
4. Place the fully charged system onto the platen of the drop tester, with the system’s base flat on the platen and the
    screen facing forward, open at a 120-degree angle.
5. Launch CINEBENCH.
6. Unplug the system, and drop the system onto the commercial carpeting.
7. Wait until the system is completely still.
8. If the battery or any other components come off the system, inspect them for damage, and reinstall them if
    possible.
9. Take digital pictures of the system from all angles after completing the checklist.
10. Stop CINEBENCH.
11. Reconnect the system’s AC adapter.
12. Run HD Tune Pro 5.00 and HDD Scan 3.3 using the process in Step 2, and record the results as the system’s post-test
    disk status.




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APPENDIX C – SCHEMATIC OF THE SYSTEMS FOR TEMPERATURE
READINGS
        Figure 5 presents a schematic of the systems that shows the points where we measured the surface
temperature. For underside surface temperature, we record and present the highest temperature found on the
underside of each system.




Figure 5: Points where we measured the surface temperature on the systems. We also measured the temperature of the hottest
spot on the underside of each system.




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                                               developed such industry-standard benchmarks as Ziff Davis Media’s
                                               Winstone and WebBench. They founded and led eTesting Labs, and after
                                               the acquisition of that company by Lionbridge Technologies were the
                                               head and CTO of VeriTest.




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PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. HAS MADE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO ENSURE THE ACCURACY AND VALIDITY OF ITS TESTING, HOWEVER,
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Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell Latitude notebook

  • 1. PORTABLE SYSTEM DURABILITY: DELL LATITUDE 6430U ULTRABOOK VS. OLDER DELL LATITUDE NOTEBOOK Replacing your four-year-old notebook with a new Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook™ can bring a number of advantages. In addition to extreme portability thanks to its sleek profile and light weight, you can enjoy cooler operating temperatures and better protection of data during an accidental fall. Principled Technologies (PT) tested two Dell Latitude notebooks – the recently released Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook and an older notebook, the Dell Latitude E6400. First, we measured the surface temperature at several external locations and found that the Ultrabook ran cooler. Next, we repeatedly dropped both systems from a desk-high height of 29 inches and found that the Ultrabook survived the falls better, experiencing no physical damage to the case and no damage to data on its solid-state drive. These findings, along with the new Ultrabook’s sleek and light profile, show that the Dell Latitude 6430u is an attractive choice for users seeking a durable system that provides a comfortable user experience. MARCH 2013 A PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES TEST REPORT Commissioned by Dell Inc.
  • 2. COOL + STURDY = DURABLE When investing in a portable computer, it’s important to select one that will hold up over time. We tested the older Dell Latitude E6400 notebook and the new Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook with durability in mind. We measured the systems’ operating temperature when under a heavy load and their ability to continue working—and protect data—after we dropped them from a height of 29 inches. How warm the surface of a portable computer gets while in use is not only an important factor in user comfort—no one wants to hold a hot system on his or her lap— but contributes to its durability as well. It is well established within IT that high operating temperatures decrease hardware reliability. Excess heat can create problems for hard drives, CPUs, memory, and other components. For example, overheating can expand hard drive platters, causing the drive to fail. At the very least, excess heat will likely reduce the drive’s effective operating life. According to a recent Fujitsu whitepaper, hard disk manufacturers now suggest cooler operating temperatures for drive enclosures.1 Many users fail to back up their data as often as they should, and a drive failure can mean not only costly replacement but the inconvenience of data loss as well. Inadequate ventilation and cooling isn’t the only cause of damage to drives. Despite our best efforts to be careful, accidents do happen and portable systems occasionally take a tumble. Systems vary considerably in how well they can survive such an event. To learn how the new Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook compares to an older Dell Latitude E6400 notebook in the area of durability, we conducted two sets of tests. In the first, we measured surface temperature while the systems were running an intensive workload. In the second, we dropped the systems multiple times under controlled circumstances. After each drop, we observed the system and used tools that assess hard drive damage to measure how well the system had protected its data. (For detailed configuration information on the two systems, see Appendix A. For a detailed description of the tests we conducted, see Appendix B.) We found that the new Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook ran considerably cooler and protected its data better during the falls than the older notebook. 1 http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/COMP/fcpa/hdd/sata-mobile-ext-duty_wp.pdf Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 2 Latitude notebook
  • 3. WHAT WE FOUND Temperature We measured the temperature of the systems at key spots, and found that the Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook ran considerably cooler. Figure 1 shows the difference in temperature between locations on the systems with which you commonly come into contact and ambient, or room, temperature during testing. (Because the ambient temperature varied throughout our testing, the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the surface temperature we recorded for each system makes for the fairest comparison.) Surface temperature difference while under Dell Latitude E6400 Dell Latitude Degrees cooler for load (degrees above room temperature) notebook 6430u Ultrabook Ultrabook Left palm rest 7.5C (13.5F) 1.2C (2.1F) 6.3C (11.4F) Right palm rest 7.0C (12.5F) 0.4C (0.6F) 6.6C (11.9F) Underside HDD 13.7C (24.7F) 12.4C (22.3F) 1.3C (2.4F) Exhaust vent 22.3C (40.1F) 18.4C (33.1F) 3.9C (7.0F) Figure 1: Degrees above ambient temperature of key locations for the systems while under load. Sturdiness Our drop test measured the damage that a drop of 29 inches (73.7 cm) inflicts upon an open system running a workload. We dropped each system a maximum of three times onto a surface of low pile carpeting like that typically found in an office environment. After each drop, we ran HD Tune Pro 5.00 and HDDScan 3.3, tests that assesses hard drive damage, to measure how well the system had protected its data. Once a system failed to boot, we conducted no further testing on that system. Drop 1 After the first drop, both systems continued to run the workload. When our technician attempted to restart them, both successfully restarted. The two scans we conducted showed zero damage on the two systems’ storage drives. While the Ultrabook showed no physical damage at all, we observed moderate physical damage to the Dell Latitude E6400. The two sides of the lid separated, but our technician was able to put them back together. The screen of this notebook system remained intact. Drop 2 After the second drop, the new Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook continued to run the workload. The older Dell Latitude E6400 notebook, however, crashed, displayed a black warning screen and then rebooted back into Windows with a “shutdown unexpectedly” warning. When our technician attempted to restart them, both successfully restarted. The two scans we conducted showed zero damage on the two systems’ drives. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 3 Latitude notebook
  • 4. As was the case after the first drop, the Ultrabook showed no physical damage at all. In addition to the same moderate physical damage to the lid of the Dell Latitude E6400 that resulted from the first drop, we observed that this system’s optical drive also popped open on impact. Drop 3 After the third drop, both systems continued to run the workload. When our technician attempted to restart them, both successfully restarted. The two scans we conducted showed zero damage on the Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook’s solid-state drive. However, the scans revealed slight damage on Dell Latitude E6400 notebook’s hard disk drive. The HDTune scan on the reported 0.1 percent damaged blocks and one bad block appeared on the HDD Scan report. As was the case after the first and second drops, the Ultrabook showed no physical damage at all. The Dell Latitude E6400 notebook experienced the same physical damage as on the first two drops, with the two sides of the lid separating and optical drive opening on impact. Figure 2 shows the results of our hard drive scans. As it shows, both systems survived the first two drops with zero damage to the data on their drives. However, after the third drop, one block on the older notebook’s hard drive had gone bad. Drop testing – physical data protection Dell Latitude E6400 notebook Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook Drop 1 HD Tune Pro 5.00 damaged blocks percentage 0% 0% HDDScan 3.3 bad blocks 0 0 Drop 2 HD Tune Pro 5.00 damaged blocks percentage 0% 0% HDDScan 3.3 bad blocks 0 0 Drop 3 HD Tune Pro 5.00 damaged blocks percentage 0.1% 0% HDDScan 3.3 bad blocks 1 0 Figure 2: The results of our physical data protection drop test for the systems. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 4 Latitude notebook
  • 5. IN CONCLUSION No one wants to replace a portable system before its time because excessive heat has caused its components to stop working prematurely. Nor should you risk losing valuable data because of a moment of clumsiness. Investing in the Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook gives you not only a sleek, light system but also cooler operating temperatures and better durability to help avoid these scenarios. In our tests, the Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook ran cooler and sustained less damage when dropped than the older Dell Latitude E6400 notebook. The proven durability of the Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook makes it an excellent choice to replace your older system. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 5 Latitude notebook
  • 6. APPENDIX A – SYSTEM CONFIGURATION INFORMATION Figure 3 provides detailed configuration information for the test systems. System Dell Latitude E6400 notebook Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook General Number of processor packages 1 1 Number of cores per processor 2 2 Number of hardware threads per core 1 2 Total number of processor threads in 2 4 system System power management policy Balanced Dell Processor power-saving option EIST EIST System dimensions (length x width x 13.25" x 9.6" x 1.25" 13.31” x 9.04” x 0.82” height) 33.7 cm x 24.4 cm x 3.2 cm 33.8 cm x 22.9 cm x 2.1 cm 5.2 lbs. 3.9 lbs. System weight 2.4 Kg 1.8 Kg CPU Vendor Intel® Intel Name Core™ 2 Duo Core i5 Model number P8600 3427U Stepping R0 E1 Socket type and number of pins Socket P (478) Socket 988B rPGA Core frequency (GHz) 2.40 1.8 (2.8 GHz Turbo Boost Technology) Bus frequency 1,066 MHz DMI 5 GT/s L1 cache 32 KB + 32 KB (per core) 32 KB + 32 KB (per core) L2 cache 3 MB (shared) 512 KB (256 KB per core) L3 cache N/A 3 MB (shared) Platform Vendor Dell Dell Motherboard model number 0U692R 0WTRMG Motherboard chipset Intel GM45 Intel QM77 BIOS name and version Dell A32 (02/09/2012) Dell A03 (12/03/2012) Memory module(s) Hyundai Electronics HMP125S6EFR8C- Hyundai Electronics HMT351S6CFR8C- Vendor and model number S6 PB Type PC2-6400 PC3-12800 Speed (MHz) 800 1600 Speed running in the system (MHz) 800 1600 Timing/Latency (tCL-tRCD-tRP- 6-6-6-18 11-11-11-28 tRASmin) Size (MB) 2,048 4,096 Number of memory module(s) 2 2 Total amount of system RAM (GB) 4 8 Chip organization (single- Double-sided Double-sided sided/double-sided) Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 6 Latitude notebook
  • 7. System Dell Latitude E6400 notebook Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook Channel (single/dual) Dual Dual Storage Western Digital WD1600BJKT spindle LITEON LMT-128M3M solid-state Vendor and model number HDD drive Number of disks in system 1 1 Size (GB) 160 128 Buffer size (MB) 16 NA RPM 7,200 NA Type SATA 3.0 Gb/s mSATA SSD Intel ICH9M-E/M SATA AHCI Intel Mobile Express Chipset SATA Controller Controller RAID Controller Driver Intel 11.0.0.1032 (11/29/2011) Intel 11.5.0.1207 (07/09/2012) Operating system Name Microsoft Windows 7 Professional x64 Microsoft Windows 8 Professional x64 Build number 7601 9200 Service Pack 1 N/A File system NTFS NTFS Kernel ACPI x64-based PC ACPI x64-based PC Language English English Microsoft DirectX version 11 11 Graphics Vendor and model number Mobile Intel GMA 4500MHD Intel HD Graphics 4000 Type Integrated Integrated Mobile Intel 4 Series Express Chipset Chipset Intel HD Graphics Family Family BIOS version 2107.23 0.3 Total available graphics memory (MB) 1,695 1,664 Dedicated video memory (MB) 64 32 System video memory (MB) 0 0 Shared system memory (MB) 1,631 1,632 Resolution 1,280 x 800 1,366 x 768 Driver Intel 8.15.10.2869 (10/04/2012) Intel 9.17.10.2932 (12/12/2012) Sound card/subsystem Vendor and model number IDT High Definition Audio CODEC IDT High Definition Audio CODEC Driver IDT 6.10.0.6274 (03/09/2010) IDT 6.10.0.6421 (08/09/2012) Ethernet Vendor and model number Intel 82567LM Gigabit Intel 82579LM Gigabit Driver Intel 10.0.6.0 (06/12/2009) Intel 12.2.45.5031 (09/24/2012) Wireless Vendor and model number Intel WiFi 5100 AGN Intel Centrino Ultimate-N 6300 AGN Driver Intel 14.3.2.1 (01/22/2012) Intel 15.5.6.48 (10/04/2012) Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 7 Latitude notebook
  • 8. System Dell Latitude E6400 notebook Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook Modem Vendor and model number HDA CX11270 Soft Modem N/A Driver Microsoft 7.80.2.52 (11/15/2008) N/A Optical drive(s) Vendor and model number TSSTcorp TS-U633A External models available Type DVD-RW N/A USB ports Number 4 3 Type 3 x USB 3.0, 1 x eSATA/USB 2.0 2 x USB 3.0, 1 x eSATA/USB 3.0 Other Media card reader, display port Media card reader, HDMI, VGA IEEE 1394 ports Number 1 (4-pin) 0 Monitor LCD type WXGA WLED Screen size 14.1” 14.0” Refresh rate 60 Hz 60 Hz Battery Type Dell PT434 lithium-ion Dell 9KGF8 lithium-ion 8.25" x 2" x .80" 13.19” x 4.38” x 0.5” Size (length x width x height) 20.9 cm x 5.1 cm x 2.0 cm 33.5 cm x 11.1 cm x 1.3 cm Rated capacity 5050 mAh / 11.1V (56Wh) 5400 mAh / 11.1V (60Wh) 11 oz. 1 lb. Weight 0.31 Kg 0.45 Kg Figure 3: System configuration information for the test systems. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 8 Latitude notebook
  • 9. APPENDIX B - HOW WE TESTED Measuring surface temperature Measuring system temperature while running PassMark’s BurnInTest Professional v7.0 Test requirements  Fluke 2680A Data Acquisition System  PassMark BurnInTest Professional Setting up the system 1. Set the power plan to the manufacturer’s default setting. 2. Set the display brightness to 100 percent: a. Click Start. b. In the Start menu’s quick search field, type Power Options. c. Move the Screen brightness slider all the way to the right. 3. Set the remaining power plan settings as follows:  Dim the display: Never  Turn off the display: Never  Put the computer to sleep: Never 4. Disable the screen saver. 5. Plug the AC adapter into the system, and completely charge the battery. 6. Place the system in a windowless, climate-controlled room. 7. Attach a Type T thermocouple to the system at the three locations noted in Appendix C. 8. Configure the Fluke® 2680A Data Acquisition System to take measurements from the three surface temperature probes and one ambient temperature probe using the Fluke DAQ software. a. Connect the three Type T thermocouples to three channels in the Fluke Fast Analog Input module (FAI). b. In the Fluke DAQ software, click each surface temperature channel, select Thermocouple from the list of Functions, and choose T from the list of ranges. c. Label each channel with the surface location associated with each thermocouple. d. In the Fluke DAQ software, click the ambient temperature channel, select Thermocouple from the list of Functions, and choose F from the list of ranges. e. Label this channel Ambient. 9. While running each test, use a Fluke 2680A Data Acquisition System to monitor ambient and surface temperature. Measuring system temperature while running PassMark’s BurnInTest Professional v7.0 Setting up the test 1. Download PassMark’s BurnInTest Professional 7.0 from http://www.passmark.com/products/bit.htm. 2. Double-click bitpro_x64.exe to run setup. 3. At the Welcome screen, click Next. 4. Accept the license agreement, and click Next. 5. At the Choose Install Location screen, accept the default location of C:Program FilesBurnInTest, and click Next. 6. At the Select Start Menu Folder screen, click Next. 7. At the Ready to Install screen, click Install. 8. At the Completing the BurnInTest Setup Wizard screen, deselect View Readme.txt, and click Finish to launch BurnInTest. 9. At the Purchasing information screen, copy and paste the Username and key, and click Continue. 10. At the Key accepted screen, click OK. 11. Select Test selection and duty cycles from the Configuration menu item. 12. Select CPU, 2D Graphics, 3D Graphics, and Disk(s), and deselect all other subsystems. 13. Set load to 100, and click OK. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 9 Latitude notebook
  • 10. 14. Select Test Preferences from the Configuration menu item and set or verify the following by clicking on each tab: a. Disk: select C: drive b. Logging: select Turn automatic logging on c. 2D Graphics: select All available Video Memory d. 3D Graphics: use defaults e. CPU: use defaults Running the test 1. Boot the system and launch PassMark’s BurnInTest by double-clicking the desktop icon. 2. Bring up an elevated command prompt: a. Select Windows Start orb. b. Type cmd and press Control-Shift-Enter. 3. Type Cmd.exe /c start /wait Rundll32.exe advapi32.dll,ProcessIdleTasks Do not interact with the system until the command completes. 4. After the command completes, wait 5 minutes before running the test. 5. Simultaneously click Start Selected Tests in the BurnInTest V7.0 Pro screen and start the Fluke 2680A data logger using the Fluke DAQ software. 6. At 55 minutes, take the following images of the workstation with a FLIR i7 thermal imaging camera.  Front – keyboard and display  Underside and back of display 7. Stop the Fluke 2680A data logger using the Fluke DAQ software at 60 minutes. 8. Use the thermal measurement CSV file to find and report the highest temperature measured at each location during the test. 9. Power the system off for 1 hour, and allow it to return to room temperature. 10. Repeat the steps 2 through 9 two more times. Testing sturdiness This test measures the damage a drop of 29 inches (73.7 cm) onto a carpeted surface inflicts upon an open system running MAXON® CINEBENCH 11.5. Setting up CINEBENCH R11.5 1. Download CINEBENCH 11.5 from http://www.maxon.net/downloads/cinebench.html. 2. Install CINEBENCH: a. Right-click the CINEBENCH ZIP file, and choose Extract All. b. In the Select a Destination and Extract Files window, click Browse, click Desktop, and click OK. c. Click Extract. Running CINEBENCH 11.5 1. Launch CINEBENCH 11.5 by double-clicking the CINEBENCH 11.5.exe file in the CINEBENCH 11.5 folder. 2. Enter the MHz frequency of the processor in the MHz (real freq.) field. 3. Click Start all tests. Conducting the drop test We used a Lansmont PDT56ED Precision Drop Tester, with a landing area covered by commercial carpet. We opened the system so that the screen and keyboard formed a 120-degree angle, and then placed the system flat on the platen. Orienting the system in this way resulted in a flat drop. (Figure 4 shows our test setup.) Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 10 Latitude notebook
  • 11. To allow us to scan the systems identically, we booted to a Hiren’s BootCD and installed the hard disk scanning software to the Microsoft® Windows® 7 virtual machine’s RAM disk. Running the scanning software from RAM, we scanned the hard disk with HD Tune Pro 5.00 and HDDScan for Windows 3.3, and recorded the number of bad sectors and blocks before and after the drop test. We also recorded any other physical defects, such as cracks or breaks in the display, as well as separated hinges or displaced screws, which the impact of the drop caused. We took still photographs of the systems before and after each drop. We dropped each system once, using this process: 1. Install MAXON CINEBENCH 11.5 onto the test system, as outlined above. 2. Run EFD Software’s HD Tune Pro 5.00 and HDDScan 3.3 to get baseline data on the state of the hard disk. Boot the system using a Hiren’s BootCD. a. Install HD Tune Pro 5.00: i. Insert a USB flash drive containing the HD Tune Pro installation executable, and click once on My Computer. ii. Navigate to the USB drive, and double-click the hdtunepro_500_trial.exe installation file to install the application. iii. At the welcome screen, click Next. iv. Click the I accept the agreement radio button, and click Next. v. In the Select Destination Location window, click Browse. vi. Click the RAMDisk drive once to select it, and click OK. vii. Click Next in the next two windows. viii. Leave check box empty for Create a desktop icon, and click Next. ix. Click Install. x. Leave the check box checked for Launch HD Tune Pro, and click Finish. b. Run the HD Tune Pro 5.00 Error Scan: i. Select the Error Scan tab. ii. Click Start in the right hand pane. Note: The Error Scan is complete when the Start button changes from grey to black. c. Save the Error Scan Results. d. Click the Copy information to clipboard button on the upper right hand menu bar (it is the first button on the left): i. Open a new text file by clicking StartRun, typing notepad, and clicking OK. ii. In the Notepad window, click EditPaste. iii. Click FileSave As, enter an appropriate filename using a .txt extension, and choose the location to save the file (we Figure 4: Our physical data protection test setup. saved ours to a USB flash drive). Click Save. e. Close the HD Tune Pro 5.00 Hard Disk Utility. f. Scan the system’s hard drive with HDDScan for Windows version 3.3: i. Open the HDDScan folder, and double-click the HDDScan.exe executable file to run the application. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 11 Latitude notebook
  • 12. ii. Click TasksSurface Tests to open the Test Selection window. iii. Select Verify from the list of tests, and click Add Test. iv. At the conclusion of the run, double-click the VR-Verify test id in the Test Manager window to open up the results. v. Select the Report tab, and copy and paste the test results into Notepad. vi. Save the results as a text file. 3. Set the height of the platen on the Lansmont Precision Drop Tester to 29 inches (73.7 cm) above the surface of the 28-ounce commercial carpeting. 4. Place the fully charged system onto the platen of the drop tester, with the system’s base flat on the platen and the screen facing forward, open at a 120-degree angle. 5. Launch CINEBENCH. 6. Unplug the system, and drop the system onto the commercial carpeting. 7. Wait until the system is completely still. 8. If the battery or any other components come off the system, inspect them for damage, and reinstall them if possible. 9. Take digital pictures of the system from all angles after completing the checklist. 10. Stop CINEBENCH. 11. Reconnect the system’s AC adapter. 12. Run HD Tune Pro 5.00 and HDD Scan 3.3 using the process in Step 2, and record the results as the system’s post-test disk status. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 12 Latitude notebook
  • 13. APPENDIX C – SCHEMATIC OF THE SYSTEMS FOR TEMPERATURE READINGS Figure 5 presents a schematic of the systems that shows the points where we measured the surface temperature. For underside surface temperature, we record and present the highest temperature found on the underside of each system. Figure 5: Points where we measured the surface temperature on the systems. We also measured the temperature of the hottest spot on the underside of each system. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 13 Latitude notebook
  • 14. ABOUT PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES We provide industry-leading technology assessment and fact-based marketing services. We bring to every assignment extensive experience with and expertise in all aspects of technology testing and analysis, from researching new technologies, to developing new methodologies, to Principled Technologies, Inc. testing with existing and new tools. 1007 Slater Road, Suite 300 Durham, NC, 27703 When the assessment is complete, we know how to present the results to www.principledtechnologies.com a broad range of target audiences. We provide our clients with the materials they need, from market-focused data to use in their own collateral to custom sales aids, such as test reports, performance assessments, and white papers. Every document reflects the results of our trusted independent analysis. We provide customized services that focus on our clients’ individual requirements. Whether the technology involves hardware, software, Web sites, or services, we offer the experience, expertise, and tools to help our clients assess how it will fare against its competition, its performance, its market readiness, and its quality and reliability. Our founders, Mark L. Van Name and Bill Catchings, have worked together in technology assessment for over 20 years. As journalists, they published over a thousand articles on a wide array of technology subjects. They created and led the Ziff-Davis Benchmark Operation, which developed such industry-standard benchmarks as Ziff Davis Media’s Winstone and WebBench. They founded and led eTesting Labs, and after the acquisition of that company by Lionbridge Technologies were the head and CTO of VeriTest. Principled Technologies is a registered trademark of Principled Technologies, Inc. All other product names are the trademarks of their respective owners. Disclaimer of Warranties; Limitation of Liability: PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. HAS MADE REASONABLE EFFORTS TO ENSURE THE ACCURACY AND VALIDITY OF ITS TESTING, HOWEVER, PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, RELATING TO THE TEST RESULTS AND ANALYSIS, THEIR ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS OR QUALITY, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ALL PERSONS OR ENTITIES RELYING ON THE RESULTS OF ANY TESTING DO SO AT THEIR OWN RISK, AND AGREE THAT PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC., ITS EMPLOYEES AND ITS SUBCONTRACTORS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER FROM ANY CLAIM OF LOSS OR DAMAGE ON ACCOUNT OF ANY ALLEGED ERROR OR DEFECT IN ANY TESTING PROCEDURE OR RESULT. IN NO EVENT SHALL PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH ITS TESTING, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.’S LIABILITY, INCLUDING FOR DIRECT DAMAGES, EXCEED THE AMOUNTS PAID IN CONNECTION WITH PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC.’S TESTING. CUSTOMER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES ARE AS SET FORTH HEREIN. Portable system durability: Dell Latitude 6430u Ultrabook vs. older Dell A Principled Technologies test report 14 Latitude notebook