2. 03/31/14
ElementsElements
If a solid, liquid or gas is made up of only one type of
atom we say it is an element. For example, consider a
tripod made up of iron:
These atoms are
ALL iron – there’s
nothing else in here
5. 03/31/14
Making compoundsMaking compounds
Compounds are made when two or more elements (or compounds) go
through a chemical reaction.
For example:
1) When carbon reacts with oxygen it usually forms ____
_________
2) When oxygen reacts with hydrogen it could form ______
3) When iron reacts with oxygen it could form ______ ______
There are usually “tell-tale” signs to show when a compound is being
made, such as bubbling, heat given off, colour changes, fizzing
etc.
Water, iron oxide or carbon dioxide?
6. 03/31/14
Naming compoundsNaming compounds
Rule 1 – When two elements join the end is usually
_______ide.
e.g. Magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide
1) Sodium + chlorine
2) Magnesium + fluorine
3) Lithium + iodine
4) Chlorine + copper
5) Oxygen + iron
6) KBr
7) LiCl
8) CaO
9) MgO2
10)KF
7. 03/31/14
Naming compoundsNaming compounds
Rule 2 – When three or more elements combine and
one of them is oxygen the ending is _____ate
e.g. Copper + sulphur + oxygen Copper sulphate
1) Calcium + carbon + oxygen
2) Potassium + carbon + oxygen
3) Calcium + sulphur + oxygen
4) Magnesium + chlorine + oxygen
5) Calcium + oxygen + nitrogen
6) AgNO3
7) H2SO4
8) K2CO3
8. 03/31/14
Naming compoundsNaming compounds
Rule 3 – If two identical elements combine then the
name doesn’t change
This happens with the following elements:
1) H2
2) N2
3) O2
4) F2
5) Cl2
6) Br2
These elements always go
around in pairs. For example,
hydrogen looks like this:
12. 03/31/14
Liquid air
Separating airSeparating air
Air can be separated into the different gases that make it up.
To do this you first have to cool air down to -2000
C and turn it
into a liquid:
Fractional
distillation
In this chamber the air is gradually heated up again and
the different parts of air “distil” off at different
temperatures according to their boiling points
Oxygen
Argon
Nitrogen
