Knowledge Organization Lis 653 Spring 2017 Class Posters
1. A cooperative of museums, libraries and
archives has been formed to both
develop administrative structure and
turn the prototype search tool into a
permanent platform
SNAC prototype tool is currently
available at
http://socialarchive.iath.virginia.edu/sna
c/search
2. Marginalization in the Dewey Decimal Classification
SystemHilary Baribeau, Kevin Cosenza, Heather V. Hill & Megan Westman
LIS 653-01 Knowledge Organization | Dr Cristina Pattuelli | Spring 2017
Research Questions
To examine marginalization and the Dewey Decimal
Classification System, we identified the following
central research questions:
1. Does DDC address the needs of marginalized user groups?
2. What are some of the groups that are not well represented
or
supported by DDC?
3. Are there consistent issues related
to DDC and these groups or do
the challenges vary widely based
on the population?
Marginalized Communities
-Most materials in “History”, “Other”, “Miscellaneous”, placing
these communities on the outside of national identity
-Lack of tribal distinction/reference to unique sovereignty, sign
of colonial bias/ignorance
-Materials inaccessible to indigenous communities, both as a
public resource and as a knowledge organization system
-Still associate with terms such as Primitive
-Christianity has 230-280 in the DDC, Islam has only 297
-Muslim-majority countries have issues with their
collections
-Indonesia had 4 separate conferences: suggestions not
widely used
-Libraries use other systems in conjunction w/ DDC or alter it
- Trans & intersex people have historically been considered
monsters, medical anomalies, and sexual deviants
- New entry at 306.768, “Transgenderism and
intersexuality,” under the larger heading 306.76 “Sexual
orientation, transgenderism” in 23rd edition
- DDCS could improve terminology, placement, &
connection to LGBTIQ+ community
- Children were not allowed in libraries when DDC was
created
- Accessibility issues: decimals, fiction vs nonfiction,
concept separation
-Adult belief in transference is prioritized over child’s
needs
- Efforts to improve kids classification include varying subject
organization
(Dewey-Lite, Genrifying) and ditching DDC entirely (Metis,
BISAC).
Method & Framework
We consulted existing research and
examined how DDC interacts with four
communities: Muslims, indigenous
populations, trans and intersex individuals,
and children. In comparing these
communities, we identified three major
similarities in the failure of the DDC to
address needs:
We use these factors to frame our discussion
of the problems DDC presents for these
communities.
Conclusion
Knowledge Organization systems are not static;
they are living documents which evolve based on
social and academic discourse. They are powerful
representations of socio-cultural thought processes.
DDC should make more of an effort to include
marginalized communities in the development of
knowledge organization in order to address
outdated biases.
1. HISTORICAL
CONTEXT
2. ACCESS
3. AUTHORITY &
AGENCY
Muslims
Indigenous Populations
Trans and Intersex Individuals
Children
Nutt, A. E. (2016). Becoming Nicole: The
transformation of an American family. New York,
NY: Random House.
306.76/80973
Too
long
Non-
fiction
SCAN THE QR
CODE FOR A
FULL LIST OF
OUR
REFERENCES
Sexual
orientation,
transgenderis
m
Conflates
sexuality &
sex/gender
Sunni and
Shi’a under
one number
Not specific
enough to be
clear
Young, E. (1998). The lost horse: A chinese folktale.
San Diego, CA: Silver Whistle.
398.2095102
A catch-all
classificati
on
Not an
accurate
representati
on
4. Linked Open Data
Linked data was developed to
allow deeper and more complex
connections to be made between
ideas and keywords. By linking
data, one idea can be connected
to countless others. This is
especially true if data is left open
and available for use. Linked open
data has the potential to entirely
remake the web into a much more
complex and intuitive utility.
Unique Resource Identifiers
underpin linked open data by
appending to each entity/item a
unique and persistent name (or
identifier). This makes possible
disambiguation of entities with the
same name and provides authority
control across spelling variations
and different languages (e.g.
Rome, Roma, Рим, 羅馬)
BIBFRAME is a catalog system
launched in 2011 by the Library of
Congress, intended to make
bibliographic information more
accessible throughout the library
community and beyond by using
linked data standards.
LOD: BIBFRAME
Eric Toole, Sara Magin & Melisa
McCarthy
LIS 653- Spring ‘17
-Berners-Lee T. (2006-07-27). Linked Data - Design Issues.
Retreived from
https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
-Berners-Lee, T. (2009, February). The Next Web. Retrieved April 1,
2017, from
https://www.ted.com/talks/tim_berners_lee_on_the_next_web
-Dean, J.W. (2013). Charles A. Cutter and Edward Tufte: Coming to
a library near you via BIBFRAME. In the Library with a Lead Pipe.
Retrieved from
http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2013/charles-a-cutter-and-
-Guerrini, M., & Possemato, T. (2013). Linked data: a new alphabet
for the semantic web. JLIS.it, 4(1), 67-90.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4403/jlis.it-6305
-Hellman, S., Lehmann, J. & Auer, S. (2012). Linked-Data Aware URI
Schemes for Referencing Text Fragments. In A. ten Tejie, J. Volker,
et. al (Ed.s) Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management:
18th International Conference (pp. 175-184). New York, NY:
Springer Publishing. http://jens-
lehmann.org/files/2012/ekaw_nif.pdf -Heath, T., Hepp,
M., and Bizer, C. (2009). Linked Data -- The Story So Far.
International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems,
Vol. 5(3), pp. 1-22.http://linkeddata.org/docs/ijswis-special-issue
-Konopic, M. (2016, September 29). DBPedia. Retrieved April
1, 2017, from http://wiki.dbpedia.org/ -Kroeger,
A. (2013). The road to BIBFRAME: The evolution of the idea of
bibliographic transition into a post-MARC future. Cataloging &
Classification Quarterly, 51. Retrieved from
https://www.dropbox.com/s/1b2dtzwuvbxvwzg/Kroeger.pdf?dl=0
-Miller, E. & Ogbuji, U. (2012) Bibliographic framework as a
web of data: Linked data model and supporting services. Retrieved
from http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/pdf/marcld-report-11-21-
2012.pdf -Mukherjee, S., Yang, G., Tan, W., & Ramakrishnan, I. V.
(2003). Automatic discovery of semantic structures in HTML
documents. In Seventh International Conference on Document
Analysis and Recognition, 2003. Proceedings. (pp. 245–249 vol.1).
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2003.1227667 -Overview
of BIBFRAME. (n.d.) Library of Congress. Retrieved from
https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/bibframe2-model.html
FURTHER READING:OVERVIEW IDENTIFIERS: URI’s
5. METADATA FOR ARCHIVES AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS
Alex Vastola & Ryan Marino
EAD
EAD (Encoded Archival Description) was first created in 1998
and is an XML (Extensible Markup Language) document
written as a group of XML elements, or “tags,” with all the
content written within the root element tag: <ead></ead>.
MPEG-7
MPEG-7 was created in 2002 by the Motion Picture Coding
Experts ground to provide interoperability among systems
and applications used in generation, management,
distribution, and consumption of audiovisual descriptions.
Figure 2. Example of an EAD tag written out for the element
quantity.
Figure 1. The minimum tags required for an EAD file written
within the root element tag of <ead></ead>.
Knowledge Organization
LIS-653-02
Professor Pattuelli
Spring 2017
Figure 3. Relation between the different tools and elaboration
process of MPEG-7.
Figure 4. Audio Engineering Society Inc Standards and Information
Documents.
PBCore
A PBCore was created in 2005 by the Corporation for Public
Broadcasting to help broadcasters and related communities
manage audiovisual assets such as archives, libraries, and
independent producers.
Figure 5. Visual representation of the PBCore schema.
AES-57-2011
AES-57-2011 was created in 2011 by the Audio
Engineering Society for the purpose of creating structural
and administrative metadata for archival storage and
preservation of audio elements.
References
Schema Documentation for VideoMD. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.loc.gov/standards/amdvmd/htmldoc/videoMD.html
Relation between different tools and elaboration process of MPEG-7. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mpeg7image2.svg
AES Standard » AES57-2011: AES standard for audio metadata - Audio object structures for preservation and
restoration. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.aes.org/publications/standards/search.cfm?docID=84
Hanson, C. (2016, December 12). Your EAD primer: Part I. [Blog Post] Retrieved from
https://hacklibraryschool.com/2016/12/12/your-ead-primer-part-1
Society of American Archivists, Technical Subcommittee for Encoded Archival Description. (2015).
Encoded archival description tag library, version ead3 / prepared and maintained by the technical
subcommittee for encoded archival description of the society of American archivists.
Chicago: Society of American Archivists.
Writing EAD elements
The present Society of American Archivists tag library for
EAD3 (released in 2015) consists of 165 different elements to
describe an archival finding aid. If the element is unknown, it
should remain empty, but if it is known, it should be written.
6. METADATA FOR ARCHIVES AND SPECIAL COLLECTIONS
Alex Vastola & Ryan Marino
EAD
EAD (Encoded Archival Description) was first created in 1998
and is an XML (Extensible Markup Language) document
written as a group of XML elements, or “tags,” with all the
content written within the root element tag: <ead></ead>.
MPEG-7
MPEG-7 was created in 2002 by the Motion Picture Coding
Experts ground to provide interoperability among systems
and applications used in generation, management,
distribution, and consumption of audiovisual descriptions.
Figure 2. Example of an EAD tag written out for the element
quantity.
Figure 1. The minimum tags required for an EAD file written
within the root element tag of <ead></ead>.
Knowledge Organization
LIS-653-02
Professor Pattuelli
Spring 2017
Figure 3. Relation between the different tools and elaboration
process of MPEG-7.
Figure 4. Audio Engineering Society Inc Standards and Information
Documents.
PBCore
A PBCore was created in 2005 by the Corporation for Public
Broadcasting to help broadcasters and related communities
manage audiovisual assets such as archives, libraries, and
independent producers.
Figure 5. Visual representation of the PBCore schema.
AES-57-2011
AES-57-2011 was created in 2011 by the Audio
Engineering Society for the purpose of creating structural
and administrative metadata for archival storage and
preservation of audio elements.
References
Schema Documentation for VideoMD. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.loc.gov/standards/amdvmd/htmldoc/videoMD.html
Relation between different tools and elaboration process of MPEG-7. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mpeg7image2.svg
AES Standard » AES57-2011: AES standard for audio metadata - Audio object structures for preservation and
restoration. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.aes.org/publications/standards/search.cfm?docID=84
Hanson, C. (2016, December 12). Your EAD primer: Part I. [Blog Post] Retrieved from
https://hacklibraryschool.com/2016/12/12/your-ead-primer-part-1
Society of American Archivists, Technical Subcommittee for Encoded Archival Description. (2015).
Encoded archival description tag library, version ead3 / prepared and maintained by the technical
subcommittee for encoded archival description of the society of American archivists.
Chicago: Society of American Archivists.
Writing EAD elements
The present Society of American Archivists tag library for
EAD3 (released in 2015) consists of 165 different elements to
describe an archival finding aid. If the element is unknown, it
should remain empty, but if it is known, it should be written.
