This presentation is about the imminent disruption and the 'micro' aspects of probable Singularity. This presentation is not meant for commercial distribution.

1. Role of MEMs (&NEMs) in
probable Singularity
-PRASAD N R
(1MS12EC087)

2. Introduction
• Carbon vs Silicon
• Evolution by natural selection Evolution by intelligent direction
• A method of expectation (if it is not a feasible implementation)
• Law of accelerating returns

3. Introduction (contd…)

4. Introduction (contd…)

5. Current (general) fabrication methods
• Deposition processes
1. Physical vapour deposition
2. Chemical vapour deposition
• Lithography (patterning)
1. Electron beam
2. Ion Beam
3. Ion Track
4. X-Ray
• Diamond patterning
• Etching
1. Wet
2. Isotropic
3. Anisotropic
4. Hydroflouric, Electrochemical (PN resistance), Dry, Vapour, Xenondiflouride, Plasma etc
• Micro-machining
1. Bulk (Anodic bonding of glass or additional Silicon)
2. Surface (Electrode ‘combing’)
3. High-aspect ratio (deep-reactive ion etching)

6. Latest fabrication methods
• Synchronised Image Scanning (equivalent of ‘Mask Dragging’)
[LASER micromachining]

7. Latest fabrication methods
• Bow Tie Scanning
[LASER micromachining 200W 10KHz]

8. Latest fabrication methods
• Bow Tie Scanning
[LASER micromachining 200W 10KHz]

9. Rudimentary Implementations
Rotor Shutter

10. Rudimentary Implementations (contd…)
‘Neural Probes’
(Allows basic patterns and colors only)
‘Millipede’

11. Rudimentary Implementations (contd…)
Self healing plastics Micro-batteries

12. BioMEMS
Bio-computer
Drug-releasing reservoir

13. Health care (the current sick-care) [BioMEMS]:
PCR in ‘reverse engineering’

14. Health care (the current sick-care) [BioMEMS]:
Gene-analyser

15. ‘Teleportation’ of non-living objects- ‘3D’ printing:
(Additive)
 Process
Example 

16. ‘Teleportation’ of non-living objects- 3D printing:
(Additive)

17. ‘Teleportation’ of non-living objects- 3D printing:
(Laser based)

18. Artificial Intelligence

19. Artificial Intelligence (contd…)

20. Artificial Intelligence (contd…) [computer on a chip]:
Intel Synapse Chip

21. ‘Infinite computing’ and nanomaterials:

22. IoT (Sensors and Networks):

23. Nuclear Technology:
(Currently restricted to beta-voltaics)

24. Robotics:
Hybrid Insect MEMS

25. Space-age (Escaping earth’s orbit)
(An era when people are hardly getting into space)

26. Questions?

27. Thank you!

28. References:
• http://videos.singularityu.org/2014/11/applications-of-micro-electro-mechanical-systems-mems/
• http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/devices/whatever-happened-to-the-molecular-computer
• http://singularityhub.com/2015/06/18/watch-this-open-source-ai-learn-to-dominate-super-mario-world-in-just-24-hours/
• “Singularity is Near” by Ray Kurzweil (http://www.singularity.com/)
• http://singularityhub.com/2013/07/19/robot-fighter-jet-x-47b-autonomously-lands-on-aircraft-carrier/
• http://microchipsbiotech.com/technology.php
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BltRufe5kkI
(https://www.ted.com/talks/peter_diamandis_abundance_is_our_future)
• “Abundance: The Future is Better Than You Think” by Peter H Diamandis and Steven Kotler
(http://www.abundancethebook.com/)
• “Bold: How to Go Big, Create Wealth and Impact the World” by Peter H Diamandis and Steven Kotler
(http://www.boldbook.com/)

29. References (contd…):
• https://www.google.co.in/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=7&ved=0ahUKEwifudPMwMzKAhUOBo4KHVKVBloQFggx
MAY&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oerlikon.com%2FecomaXL%2Fget_blob.php%3Fname%3DNew_Techniques_for_Laser_Micromac
hining_MEMS_Devices.pdf%26download%3D1&usg=AFQjCNHfstqPSeeolF7QxV9BFASmHwQ1gQ&bvm=bv.112766941,d.c2E&cad=
rja
• http://www.ece.umd.edu/class/enee719f/papers/Grayson-Implantable%20Review.pdf
• http://diyhpl.us/~nmz787/pdf/A_review_on_3D_micro-additive_manufacturing_technologies.pdf
• http://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0208138.pdf
• https://sem.org/PDF/s01p01.pdf
• https://www.engineering.unsw.edu.au/news/quantum-computing-first-two-qubit-logic-gate-in-
silicon?utm_campaign=Abundance+Insider+10%2F8&utm_source=abundance+insider&utm_medium=abundance+insider&utm_c
ontent=Computing%2FChips&utm_term=Computing%2FChips

30. References (contd…):
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-MEMS
• http://venturebeat.com/2014/08/26/intel-reveals-worlds-smallest-wireless-modem-for-the-internet-of-things/
• http://www.airspacemag.com/space/the-one-pound-problem-718812/?no-ist
• https://www.ted.com/talks/peter_diamandis_on_our_next_giant_leap/transcript?language=en
• http://n4bb.com/artificial-brain-educate-created-russian-
scientists/?utm_source=Abundance%20Insider&utm_medium=email&utm_term=AI&utm_content=AI&utm_campaign=8
%2F27
• http://www.humanlongevity.com/

31. References (contd…):
• http://singularityu.org/
• http://www.calicolabs.com/
• https://mfoundation.org/
• http://sens.org/
• http://cui.unige.ch/~dimarzo/papers/JAMT.pdf
• http://www.organovo.com/science-technology/bioprinting-process/
• http://www.organovo.com/science-technology/bioprinted-human-tissue/bioprinting-advantages/
• http://abundanceinsider.respond.ontraport.net/

32. References (contd…):
• http://www.dwavesys.com/tutorials/background-reading-series/introduction-d-wave-quantum-hardware
• http://www.livescience.com/10604-tiny-nuclear-batteries-power-micro-devices.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betavoltaic_device