Harrison Fraker's presentation for the Penn IUR conference "Re-Imagining Cities: Urban Design After the Age of Oil"

2. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Source: Energy Information Administration Statistics (Architecture 2030) WHY Carbon Neutral Future Building consumption represents almost half the challenge

4. © 2007 by the Regents of the University of California Made-In-China “ Eco-Blocks ” Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Source: Energy Information Administration Statistics (Architecture 2030) WHY Carbon Neutral Future Buildings and cars represent 65% of the challenge

5. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Qingdao Bus Rapid Transit Site

6. High-level of pedestrian accessibility and connectivity © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Secondary sidewalks Dedicated off-street paths BRT Station Primary sidewalks 10 min. walk 5 min. walk

7. Modal Share Comparisons © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley 0% 100% 50% 75% 25% Bicycle & Pedestrian 7% Bicycle & Pedestrian 30% Bicycle & Pedestrian 80% Bicycle & Pedestrian 80% Transit 3% Transit 10% Car 10% Car 90% Car 50% Transit 20% Car 25% Transit 50% China Today US Today EU Today Japan Today China 2030 ?

8. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Flow diagram of the sources and activities across the global economy that produce greenhouse gas emissions. Source: World Resources Institute.

9. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

10. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

11. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

13. The mass-replicated SuperBlocks place significant demands on China’s infrastructure © 2007 by the Regents of the University of California Made-In-China “ Eco-Blocks ” Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley SuperBlock power plant landfill sewage potable water

14. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley whole systems thinking EcoBlock

15. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

16. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Whole Systems Design: Integrated systems that are mutually beneficial

17. Energy Demand Reduction Strategies by the Regents of the University of California Made-In-China “ Eco-Blocks ” Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Shared Building shading Daylighting High performance glazing Reflective pavement Natural Ventilation Shaded walkways Energy efficient equipment Passive solar heating Efficient lighting

18. Creating a Sustainable Supply of Energy © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Canopy integrated photovoltaics Roof mounted photovoltaics Building integrated wind turbines Anaerobic Digester

19. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Reducing Reliance on Grid Based Energy Conservation and Efficiency On-Site Generation 100% residual energy demand met by on-site renewables Total demand + supply savings = 1,650,000 kWh/year Optimized facade Natural ventilation Daylighting Efficient equipment & lighting Passive heating Photovoltaics Wind turbines Digester

20. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

21. © 2007 by the Regents of the University of California Made-In-China “ Eco-Blocks ” Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

22. © 2007 by the Regents of the University of California Made-In-China “ Eco-Blocks ” Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

23. © 2007 by the Regents of the University of California Made-In-China “ Eco-Blocks ” Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

24. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley EcoBlock Energy Demand Profile

25. Waste to Energy Anaerobic Digester © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Household Organic Waste Green Waste Sludge Waste mixed with water Hydrolysis reactor Hydraulic mixing Buffer Tank Water and generated organic acid Hydraulic mixing Biogassification reactor Water drawn off Water recycled to hydrolysis tank Methane out 31% efficient gas-fired electricity turbine Eco Block Energy to buildings

26. Reducing Demand for Potable Water © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Recycled water for irrigation Xeriscaping Low flow equipment

27. Alternative Sources of Water Supply © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Constructed wetlands - filtration system Rainwater storage Reverse Osmosis Gray water treatment Wastewater Treatment Porous paving Urban Agriculture 3% of potable water supply from off-site On-site chlorination and UV treatment Rainwater Harvesting Swales

28. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Wastewater Recycling Systems

29. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Tidal Wetland

30. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley

31. Living Machine ® Systems Size / Footprint Aesthetics / Land Use Energy Use Effluent Quality Installed Cost Operating Cost Scalability GHG Emissions ~ 150 sq. ft. per 1,000 gpd Beautiful / Dual use space Very little Tertiary + Significant savings potential Very low / very easy Build as needed Very low ~ 75 sq. ft. per 1,000 gpd Ugly & Hazardous / No other use High Tertiary + Expensive / extensive piping networks High Build all at once High Conventional Technology Comparison Living Machine Systems

32. Reducing Reliance on the Grid © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley 98M liters/year by sustainable supply Total Demand + Supply Savings = 151M 85% savings on potable water demand overall Conservation and Efficiency On-Site Treatment

33. EcoBlock Prototype: Site-wide Utilities © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley Blackwater and Tertiary Treatment All Wastewater, sludge and food waste Digester Central Primary Treatment System for sludge and food waste removal from wastewater Constructed wetlands Localized Reverse Osmosis treatment units at each Ecoblock Wastewater supply for Wetlands

35. © 2008 by the Regents of the University of California “EcoBlock” Neighborhoods Harrison Fraker, FAIA Dean College of Environmental Design, UC Berkeley 50% of High Density Mixed-Use Urban Land Can Become Part of Whole-System Functions