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Conversion funnels / Measurement




                  Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
What are we going to cover?
-   Conversion funnels for a SAAS business
-   Performance measurement
-   Marketing dashboard
-   Useful tools
-   Creation of your own funnel and dashboard




                        Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
What is a conversion funnel?
“The path a prospect takes from anonymous user to paying
customer, and every step in between”




                         Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
What does it really look like?
“The path from interested prospect to paying customer is
filled with so many holes that it is a wonder that anyone,
anywhere ever gives you any money.”




                           Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Why do we care?
Tracked correctly, this data gives you:

1. CPA per channel
2. LTV per channel
3. Conversion rate per channel

Used correctly, this data tells you:

1. Where am I leaking?
2. Where do I spend my marketing $$?
3. How do I scale?

                         Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
A fundraising story
The power of understanding the economics of your
business....

1. Fundraising effort (A) - 2009
- Very few second meetings
- Very little sign of life
- Failed

2. Fundraising effort (B) - 2010
- Second and third meetings EVERY TIME
- Constant referrals
- Success
                      Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Traction
Accounts Created                                                           Events Created
140




120




100




80




60




40




20




  0
      January   February   March   April   May   June   July



                                                                                                                          Free          Paid




                                                               Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Traction
Tickets Sold                              Eventarc Revenue
                                          $8,000.00



                                          $7,000.00



                                          $6,000.00



                                          $5,000.00



                                          $4,000.00



                                          $3,000.00



                                          $2,000.00



                                          $1,000.00



                                             $0.00
                                                            February         April         June          August
                                                      January        March           May          July



               Free   Paid               Eventarc takes $1 + 3% of all transactions


                             Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Conversion Funnel for 2010
We know we have opportunities in here...

                                            100%
                                            Unique website visitor

                                            8%
                                            Visit signup page
                                            3.5%
                                            Create an account

                                            1%
                                            Create an event
                                            0.55%
                                            Sells a ticket

                                            0.2%
                                            Makes us money

                          Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Conversion Funnel
But improvement is possible.....

                                                     From signup page to becoming
                                                     an account holder
                                                     Overall: 43% | July: 71%

                                                     Account holders who created
                                                     a free event
                                                     Overall: 27% | July: 36%

                                                     Account holders with a
                                                     paying event
                                                     Overall: 8%    | July: 11%
  2010 signups                                       Event creators with a
  July signups                                       paying event
                                                     Overall: 29% | July: 31%

                           Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Average Key Metrics

  Ticket price      Tickets sold                                 Events per
      $60            per event                               customer (annually)
                        42                                           4




  Revenue per        Revenue
customer (annual)    per event
      $470             $117



   Cost Per                                                       Lifetime value of
  Acquisition                                                        a customer
    $250                                                                $987



                        Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
DISCLAIMER!!!!

 Only include data like that if you
 have launched and have REAL
           data to show.

     Anything else is bullshit.



                 Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Creating your own funnel
Make sure you:

1.   Start at the acquisition channel
2.   Assume the $$ expenditure
3.   Assume conversions at each step
4.   Include an “activation” step
5.   Include a paying customer step

Ideally you end up with:

CPA | Conversion rate | Activation Rate | LTV

                        Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Actual numbers from Kissmetrics

  You will lose people when
    you introduce friction




                 Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
I don’t know if this is good.
“All you have to do is hit
      this number...”




                  Numbers are like
          the latest diet craze

                              “All Company X had to
                               do was _____ and they
                                   were profitable!”
Not everyone gets the same results from
     12,000 calories per day
About the KISSmetrics data

Observations from 300+ web businesses
  Social/community sites • Content businesses • Consumer
  services • SaaS / Subscription • E-commerce • Daily Deal •
  Apps / Games • Professional blogs

Data from October 2009 - February 2011

Benchmark data from February 2011
By business model

  Indirect
               Daily Deal
Monetization


                 SaaS /
E-commerce
               Subscription
Indirect Monetization

Customer does not pay

Site types:
Content and review sites
Games and community sites
What are they measuring: Signup




Homepage > Facebook Connect > Signed Up
Homepage > Viewed Signup > Submitted Signup Form
Social Share Landing Page > Social Connect > Signed Up
What are they measuring: Sharing




Signup > Shared / Liked / Commented
Signup > Started Configuration > Completed Configuration
Signup > Contributed Content
Conversion = homepage -> signed up



                 9.6%
              median signup conversion


                     13.2%
              average signup conversion

             lowest 2.1% - highest 34.5%



  Indirect Monetization (21 sites, full month of Feb 2011)
Results may not be typical*

• Self-selected audiences (professional, niche sites) have
  higher conversion rates

• Aspirational services (finance, health) have higher
  conversion rates but lower retention rates

• Where you put signup and how many steps are involved
  affects conversions
Questions you should ask: authentication

• Am I losing customers before or after Facebook Connect?

• Does offering multiple sign-in options help or hurt
  conversion rate?

• Does asking for additional information post-Facebook
  Connect hurt conversion rates significantly?
E-Commerce

Customer pays, highly variable intent

Site types:
Electronic and tangible goods
What are they measuring: Findability




Homepage > Browsed > Viewed Single Product
Homepage > Searched > Viewed Single Product
Viewed Single Product > Viewed Recommended Product
What are they measuring: Purchasing




Viewed Single Product > Added to Cart > Purchased
Viewed Single Product > Added to Cart > Created Account >
Purchased
Conversion = purchase completed



             5.9%
          median purchase conversion


                 9.3%
          average purchase conversion

         lowest 0.2% - highest 32.1%



  E-commerce (23 sites, full month of Feb 2011)
Results may not be typical*

• Don’t even try to compare general consumer commodity,
  professional, and niche sites. Just don’t.

• Sites who use PayPal or another off-site merchant solution
  have lower purchase completion rates

• Purchase price and purchase frequency have a huge impact
  on completion rates
Questions you should ask: findability

• Are customers who browse able to proceed and view an
  individual product?

• Are customers who search able to proceed and view an
  individual product?

• Are “browsers” or “searchers” more likely to complete
  purchase?

• Are customers who enter the site directly on an individual
  product page more likely to complete a purchase?
Questions you should ask: checkout steps

• How does requiring customers to create an account affect
  purchase completion?

• Does offering multiple payment methods help or hurt
  purchase completion?

• If account creation is moved to post-checkout, will
  customers complete that (now optional) step?

• Are customers who drop out of the checkout process
  returning to other pages on your site?
SaaS / Subscription

Customer may or may not pay
Usually enters under a free plan or limited free trial
Billing information may be required upfront or later

Site types:
Consumer services
Small business services
What are they measuring: Signup




Homepage > Signed Up for Free
Homepage > Started Free Trial
Homepage > Viewed Pricing > Signed Up
What are they measuring: Upgrade




Signed In > Upgraded
Viewed Upgrade Prompt > Upgraded
Signed In > Viewed Pricing > Upgraded
Clicked Email Link > Upgraded
Conversion = homepage -> signed up


              2.3%
         median signup conversion


                   3.3%
           average signup conversion
         lowest 0.2% - highest 14.5%




   SaaS (37 sites, full month of Feb 2011)
Conversion = upgraded


         2.3%
     median subscription conversion


     lowest 0.3% - highest 8.9%




SaaS (37 sites, full month of Feb 2011)
Results may not be typical*

• B2C services have a higher signup rate than B2B services
• B2B services have a higher upgrade rate than B2C services
• Aspirational services (finance, health) have higher signup
  conversion rates

• No significant difference in signup rate between sites with or
  without a product tour
Questions you should ask: free-ness

• How does ‘sign up for free’, ‘free trial’, or ‘buy now - free for
  first X days’ affect initial conversion? Eventual upgrade?

• Will changing the length of my free trial increase upgrades?
• How does requiring billing information at signup affect
  initial conversion?

• How does showing multiple plans (vs. only showing ‘free’
  initially) affect initial conversion? Upgrade rate?
Questions you should ask: signup source

• How do signups via a third-party partner differ from signups
  via your homepage?

• Does initial signup via a mobile device affect activation?
• Does initial signup via Facebook affect activation?
• Do customers acquired via a deal or coupon behave
  differently in terms of usage or upgrade rate?
Questions you should ask: onboarding

• Do customers who viewed a product tour complete initial
  onboarding/configuration more quickly?

• How many new customers complete the minimal required
  onboarding within a week?

• Does including a tour alongside the signup button affect
  initial signup? Eventual upgrade?

• How quickly are customers able to use the core features of
  your product?
Marketing Dashboard
Tracking all your key revenue and conversion
metrics over time

Monthly probably enough

Spending time automating this is highly
valuable

Use it to understand which metric you are
trying to enhance when testing


                       Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Useful Tools and Further Reading
General Analytics
- Google Analytics / Kissmetrics / Mixpanel

A/B and Multivariate Testing
- Google website optimizer / Kissmetrics /
Visual Website Optimizer

Landing Pages
- Roll your own / Unbounce



                       Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
Conclusions
1. You will be wrong

2. This shit is hard

3. Funnels are only linear in your head

4. Understanding the economics of your
business and acting upon the key drivers will
instantly put you in top 5% of founders

5. Conversions matter

                        Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.

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AngelCube Conversions Presentation by Scott Handsaker

  • 1. Conversion funnels / Measurement Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 2. What are we going to cover? - Conversion funnels for a SAAS business - Performance measurement - Marketing dashboard - Useful tools - Creation of your own funnel and dashboard Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 3. What is a conversion funnel? “The path a prospect takes from anonymous user to paying customer, and every step in between” Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 4. What does it really look like? “The path from interested prospect to paying customer is filled with so many holes that it is a wonder that anyone, anywhere ever gives you any money.” Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 5. Why do we care? Tracked correctly, this data gives you: 1. CPA per channel 2. LTV per channel 3. Conversion rate per channel Used correctly, this data tells you: 1. Where am I leaking? 2. Where do I spend my marketing $$? 3. How do I scale? Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 6. A fundraising story The power of understanding the economics of your business.... 1. Fundraising effort (A) - 2009 - Very few second meetings - Very little sign of life - Failed 2. Fundraising effort (B) - 2010 - Second and third meetings EVERY TIME - Constant referrals - Success Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 7. Traction Accounts Created Events Created 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 January February March April May June July Free Paid Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 8. Traction Tickets Sold Eventarc Revenue $8,000.00 $7,000.00 $6,000.00 $5,000.00 $4,000.00 $3,000.00 $2,000.00 $1,000.00 $0.00 February April June August January March May July Free Paid Eventarc takes $1 + 3% of all transactions Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 9. Conversion Funnel for 2010 We know we have opportunities in here... 100% Unique website visitor 8% Visit signup page 3.5% Create an account 1% Create an event 0.55% Sells a ticket 0.2% Makes us money Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 10. Conversion Funnel But improvement is possible..... From signup page to becoming an account holder Overall: 43% | July: 71% Account holders who created a free event Overall: 27% | July: 36% Account holders with a paying event Overall: 8% | July: 11% 2010 signups Event creators with a July signups paying event Overall: 29% | July: 31% Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 11. Average Key Metrics Ticket price Tickets sold Events per $60 per event customer (annually) 42 4 Revenue per Revenue customer (annual) per event $470 $117 Cost Per Lifetime value of Acquisition a customer $250 $987 Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 12. DISCLAIMER!!!! Only include data like that if you have launched and have REAL data to show. Anything else is bullshit. Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 13. Creating your own funnel Make sure you: 1. Start at the acquisition channel 2. Assume the $$ expenditure 3. Assume conversions at each step 4. Include an “activation” step 5. Include a paying customer step Ideally you end up with: CPA | Conversion rate | Activation Rate | LTV Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 14. Actual numbers from Kissmetrics You will lose people when you introduce friction Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 15. I don’t know if this is good.
  • 16. “All you have to do is hit this number...” Numbers are like the latest diet craze “All Company X had to do was _____ and they were profitable!”
  • 17. Not everyone gets the same results from 12,000 calories per day
  • 18. About the KISSmetrics data Observations from 300+ web businesses Social/community sites • Content businesses • Consumer services • SaaS / Subscription • E-commerce • Daily Deal • Apps / Games • Professional blogs Data from October 2009 - February 2011 Benchmark data from February 2011
  • 19. By business model Indirect Daily Deal Monetization SaaS / E-commerce Subscription
  • 20. Indirect Monetization Customer does not pay Site types: Content and review sites Games and community sites
  • 21. What are they measuring: Signup Homepage > Facebook Connect > Signed Up Homepage > Viewed Signup > Submitted Signup Form Social Share Landing Page > Social Connect > Signed Up
  • 22. What are they measuring: Sharing Signup > Shared / Liked / Commented Signup > Started Configuration > Completed Configuration Signup > Contributed Content
  • 23. Conversion = homepage -> signed up 9.6% median signup conversion 13.2% average signup conversion lowest 2.1% - highest 34.5% Indirect Monetization (21 sites, full month of Feb 2011)
  • 24. Results may not be typical* • Self-selected audiences (professional, niche sites) have higher conversion rates • Aspirational services (finance, health) have higher conversion rates but lower retention rates • Where you put signup and how many steps are involved affects conversions
  • 25. Questions you should ask: authentication • Am I losing customers before or after Facebook Connect? • Does offering multiple sign-in options help or hurt conversion rate? • Does asking for additional information post-Facebook Connect hurt conversion rates significantly?
  • 26. E-Commerce Customer pays, highly variable intent Site types: Electronic and tangible goods
  • 27. What are they measuring: Findability Homepage > Browsed > Viewed Single Product Homepage > Searched > Viewed Single Product Viewed Single Product > Viewed Recommended Product
  • 28. What are they measuring: Purchasing Viewed Single Product > Added to Cart > Purchased Viewed Single Product > Added to Cart > Created Account > Purchased
  • 29. Conversion = purchase completed 5.9% median purchase conversion 9.3% average purchase conversion lowest 0.2% - highest 32.1% E-commerce (23 sites, full month of Feb 2011)
  • 30. Results may not be typical* • Don’t even try to compare general consumer commodity, professional, and niche sites. Just don’t. • Sites who use PayPal or another off-site merchant solution have lower purchase completion rates • Purchase price and purchase frequency have a huge impact on completion rates
  • 31. Questions you should ask: findability • Are customers who browse able to proceed and view an individual product? • Are customers who search able to proceed and view an individual product? • Are “browsers” or “searchers” more likely to complete purchase? • Are customers who enter the site directly on an individual product page more likely to complete a purchase?
  • 32. Questions you should ask: checkout steps • How does requiring customers to create an account affect purchase completion? • Does offering multiple payment methods help or hurt purchase completion? • If account creation is moved to post-checkout, will customers complete that (now optional) step? • Are customers who drop out of the checkout process returning to other pages on your site?
  • 33. SaaS / Subscription Customer may or may not pay Usually enters under a free plan or limited free trial Billing information may be required upfront or later Site types: Consumer services Small business services
  • 34. What are they measuring: Signup Homepage > Signed Up for Free Homepage > Started Free Trial Homepage > Viewed Pricing > Signed Up
  • 35. What are they measuring: Upgrade Signed In > Upgraded Viewed Upgrade Prompt > Upgraded Signed In > Viewed Pricing > Upgraded Clicked Email Link > Upgraded
  • 36. Conversion = homepage -> signed up 2.3% median signup conversion 3.3% average signup conversion lowest 0.2% - highest 14.5% SaaS (37 sites, full month of Feb 2011)
  • 37. Conversion = upgraded 2.3% median subscription conversion lowest 0.3% - highest 8.9% SaaS (37 sites, full month of Feb 2011)
  • 38. Results may not be typical* • B2C services have a higher signup rate than B2B services • B2B services have a higher upgrade rate than B2C services • Aspirational services (finance, health) have higher signup conversion rates • No significant difference in signup rate between sites with or without a product tour
  • 39. Questions you should ask: free-ness • How does ‘sign up for free’, ‘free trial’, or ‘buy now - free for first X days’ affect initial conversion? Eventual upgrade? • Will changing the length of my free trial increase upgrades? • How does requiring billing information at signup affect initial conversion? • How does showing multiple plans (vs. only showing ‘free’ initially) affect initial conversion? Upgrade rate?
  • 40. Questions you should ask: signup source • How do signups via a third-party partner differ from signups via your homepage? • Does initial signup via a mobile device affect activation? • Does initial signup via Facebook affect activation? • Do customers acquired via a deal or coupon behave differently in terms of usage or upgrade rate?
  • 41. Questions you should ask: onboarding • Do customers who viewed a product tour complete initial onboarding/configuration more quickly? • How many new customers complete the minimal required onboarding within a week? • Does including a tour alongside the signup button affect initial signup? Eventual upgrade? • How quickly are customers able to use the core features of your product?
  • 42. Marketing Dashboard Tracking all your key revenue and conversion metrics over time Monthly probably enough Spending time automating this is highly valuable Use it to understand which metric you are trying to enhance when testing Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 43. Useful Tools and Further Reading General Analytics - Google Analytics / Kissmetrics / Mixpanel A/B and Multivariate Testing - Google website optimizer / Kissmetrics / Visual Website Optimizer Landing Pages - Roll your own / Unbounce Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • 44. Conclusions 1. You will be wrong 2. This shit is hard 3. Funnels are only linear in your head 4. Understanding the economics of your business and acting upon the key drivers will instantly put you in top 5% of founders 5. Conversions matter Confidential material. Copyright © 2010 Eventarc Pty. Ltd. All rights reserved.