This document discusses techniques for handling and restraining various animal species, including cattle, calves, sheep, goats, horses, and dogs. It describes restraint devices like halters, twitches, and muzzles. For cattle, techniques include nose leads, ear twitches, milking hopples, tail restraint, and crush restraint. Calves can be restrained by pulling their legs outward. Sheep are restrained by circling the neck or grasping the rump. Goats accept neck collars and do not tolerate being set up like sheep. Horses require a halter and lead at minimum, and may also be restrained verbally, physically using twitches, or chemically. For dogs, muzzles
2. Handling & restraining
Handling and restraining means controlling
animals for various purposes
For medical treatment
Artificial insemination
Rectal palpation
Surgical operations
Shoeing
Examination of eyes buccal cavity
3. Cont……….
Various devices can be used to properly Restraining
Halter
Head collar
Twitches
Bull rings
Mouth gages
Cradle
Muzzles crush
Hobbles
4. Restraining techniques for cattle
Cattle restraint techniques are designed to
divert attention from where you want to treat
and prevent kicking and make possible some
special procedure.
5. Nose Lead technique
• Lift the animal’ s head fairly high and pull
towards the side opposite that on which
you intend to work. Apply pressure
on the bridge between the nostrils to
cause temporary pain in the sensitive
tissues between the nostrils
6.
7. Heads Restraint technique
Manually grasp the bridge between the
nostrils with the thumb and forefinger of
one hand and hold it firmly . With the
other hand, hold the horn rear .
8.
9. Ear twitch technique
Ear twitches are easy to make and are very
effective On a one foot length of a strong bar
tie the lose end of 1.5 feet length of soft
rope. Apply and twist the twitch on the ear lobe
carefully and firmly to exact little pressure on
the ear lobe. Apply enough pressure only to
elicit pain that can divert the animal’ s
attention.Always treat the ear lobe with
caution so as not to damage the ear
cartilage.
10.
11. Milking Hopples technique
• Apply the figure “8” just above the hock to prevent kicking
• while milking.
• Hock twitch is the milkers delight. It prevents a cow from raising
• the rear legs and thus prevents kicking. It is simple and effective.
• Get a rope made of heavy cotton between 18-22 inches around the
• hind legs just above the hock joint in figure of “8” pattern crossing
• between the two legs. A strong stick or piece about a foot long is
put
• through the eye by turning the stick, the rope is twisted until it
binds
• the legs tightly and presses the tendon down. Thus it prevents the
animal
• raising its legs and make milking possible
12.
13. Legs raising technique
• First apply a nose lead. Grasp the legs at the
pastern with the left hand
• With the left shoulder push the cow’ s flank to
shift her leg to the other near ….
• legs, at the same time raise the rear leg.
14.
15. Tail restraining technique
• Y our assistant may apply the tail restraint
whenever it is necessary to distract
• cow’ s attention from another part of her
body on which work is being done.
• It may be used when giving udder injections
to a nervous cow . Keep both
• hands close to the base of the tail as much as
possible. Stand to the side of the
• cow to avoid being kicked and apply a lifting
force on the tail. It should be gentle but firm.
16.
17.
18. Crush restraining technique
• If many adult cattle are to be confined at a time,
a crush is most advised. Get the
• entire animals close together . Use the person
most familiar with the cows to go
• close to them then to the animal in question. It is
always advisable to hold a
• long rope that has a loose note at one end. Go as
close to the cattle as possible
• and get the rope into the head or horns. With the
rope in place it will be easier to
• lead and finally restrained.
19.
20. Calves restraining technique
• Reach across the animal’ s back and pull the
legs on the side closest to you outward.
Calve is then eased down to the ground with
the weight against your
• legs, so that it falls to the ground gently . You
should never cast a calf by pulling
• its leg quickly from under its body so that he
falls hard on its side. A very young
• animal, it may be injured in that way. Beef
calf haltered. A safe position at the point of the
shoulder
21.
22. Sheep restrain
• Sheep are timid animals. They do not seem to
enjoy being stroked or petted
• The usual response is to flee when frightened
and they may cause serious injury to
themselves in their effort to escape
• Sheep have extremely strong flocking instincts
and tend to behave as a group
23. When catching sheep, several points
are key
• Individual sheep need to be separated from the
flock: this is often done by first driving the flock into
an enclosure pen, then cornering a single sheep
against a fence or wall.
• The sheep may try to flee by going through the fence
or climbing along the fence or wall
• Another common tendency to avoid is catching them
by grabbing the wool: this can easily pull out the
wool and bruise or rip the skin
• Grabbing by the horns (when present) must be done
with care to avoid breaking them
24.
25. • Sheep are held by
circling the neck with
one arm and placing
the other arm around
the rump
• The rear end may also
be controlled by
placing an arm over
the back to grasp the
skin fold of the lower
flank
26. • Many procedures can
be done by simply
backing the sheep
into a corner,
straddling the animal
between the
handler’s legs, and
squeezing the sheep
shoulders firmly
between the legs.
• The head or neck can
be controlled in this
position
27. • Procedures such
as examination of
the hooves,
shearing, and
vaccination
require
immobilizing the
animal with a
technique known
as “setting up”
28. Goat restraining
• Although similar to sheep in size, goats are entirely
different in temperament and behavior.
• Goats are gregarious and seem to enjoy the company
of other species of animals
• Goats form social hierarchy within a group and
dominant males and females can be identify
• Goats may show aggression, usually in the form of
head-butting. This usually preceded by raising the
hair on the spine, stamping the front feet and making
a characteristic sneezing/snorting noise
29.
30.
31.
32. Neck collars
• Goats readily accept neck collars or chains, which
provide a convenient hold on the animal.
• Goats do not tolerate being set up like sheep
33. Horse restraining
• In many regards, restraint is the single most
important aspect of the equine physical
examination. Without adequate restraint, the
examiner will be unable to complete a
meaningful. The size and strength of horses make
them potentially dangerous
Kick
Bite
Rear
Strike
34. Physical Restraint
• Minimum restraint required: halter and lead
rope
• Chain over nose
• Lip or gum chain
• Twitching with hand
• Ear twitch
• Twitching with device
35.
36. Verbal Restraint
• Talking to horses has a major effect. A
soothing, reassuring tone goes a long way in
calming a fractious horse. Similarly, a sharp
authoritative tone accompanied by a tug on
the lead rope may help keep a fidgety horse in
place.
37. Chemical Restraint
• Do not be afraid to use chemical
restraint. (However, use of chemical restraint
may alter some PE findings—heart rate, etc. So if
you are planning on using chemical restraint,
attempt general physical exam first.) Can be used
alone or with other techniques or
devices. Consider animal’s weight, age, health,
and task to be performed when considering
chemical restraint and agent(s) to be used. Select
and dose appropriately
38. Restraining in dogs
• "Talk to the animals" Many dogs can be
comforted by being talked to in a quiet,
soothing voice. What you say is not
important...the tone of voice is. Even the best
behaved dog may bite if frightened. Early
application of a muzzle actually reduces the
need for additional restraint. Once the muzzle
is in place the dog will often "give up" and
stop struggling. Several types of muzzles can
be used. The end of the muzzle can be closed
