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The art of learning together ...................................... Communities of practice Etienne Wenger P.O. Box 810 North San Juan, CA 95960, U.S.A. Phone  (530) 292-9222 Fax  (530) 292-9229 E-mail  [email_address]
The individual and the social "The positive development of a society in the absence of creative, independently thinking, critical individuals is as inconceivable as the development of an individual in the absence of the stimulus of the community."  (Albert Einstein)  a profound insight
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A community of practice is ... a familiar experience
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Domain Inquiry  Five challenges
Resources:  Models
A social perspective Learning in practice learning practice community meaning identity What are we  doing? Where do we belong Who are we becoming? What is our experience?
Key dimensions Model 1: social discipline of learning Practice Community Domain Participation Sponsorship Nurturing Support Learning together
Community profiles as patterns of  togetherness  Community  activities   oriented to … …  meetings …  context …  community cultivation …  access to expertise …  projects …  open-ended   conversation …  content   publishing …  individual participation …  relationships Model 2: orientations In collaboration with Nancy White and John Smith © 2006 Wenger, White, and Smith
Model 3: Learning activities Information Informal Formal With From Models of practice Project reviews Case clinics Document sharing Collections Learning projects Hot topic discussions Stories Formal practice transfer Visits Invited speaker Mutual benchmark External benchmark Broadcast inquiry Reading group Problem solving News Joint response Boundary collaboration Training and workshops Pointers to resources Systematic scan Guests Joint events Documenting practice Field trips Exploring ideas Each other 1 2 7 4 3 6 5 Tips Practice  fairs Warranting  Help desk Outside sources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Model 4: forms of participation occasional transactional peripheral active  coordinator core group lurkers leaders sponsors experts beginners alumni outsiders
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Model 5: ecology of leadership Elected Consensus Self-selected Volunteer Appointed Rotation Emergent
addressing inherent community tensions Group Individual Interacting Publishing asynchronous synchronous discussion  boards teleconference chat instant  messaging member directory wiki blog telephony/ VoIP individual profile page e-mail e-mail lists scratch pad RSS “ new” indicators subscription podcast content repository presence indicator buddy list security Q&A systems RSS aggregator newsletter calendar videoconference application sharing whiteboard site index participation statistics search subgroups personalization community public page version control document management UseNet content rating scheduling polling commenting networking tools tagging bookmarking shared filtering geomapping interest filter Model 6: Tools In collaboration with Nancy White and John Smith
A community is a living entity … not unlike a couple It takes hard work and careful nurturing It depends on renewed passion It becomes an entity in its own right It takes initiative It is voluntary It involves responsibilities It is fun It evolves private  and public common ground ongoing legacy recognized stewardship communal identity long-term viability Transforming Sustaining Maturing Coalescing Potential Model 7: lifecycle
Domains Communities Practices Stewardship Shared knowledge Learning The donut model: strategic capabilities Strategy Performance
Where to start? Why focus on communities of practice? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],short-term value long-term value members organization What are some critical success factors? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],community organization What are communities of practice? Communities of practice are groups of people who share a passion for something that they know how to do and who interact regularly to learn how to do it better. What elements to develop? the definition of the area of shared inquiry and of the key issues the relationships among members and the sense of belonging the body of knowledge, methods, stories, cases, tools, documents Domain: Community: Practice: Cultivating communities of practice a quick start-up guide by Etienne Wenger Communities of practice are a familiar experience, but people need to understand how they fit in their work. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A strategic context lets communities find a legitimate place in the organization Communities of practice can use some light-handed guidance and technology infrastructure. Practitioners usually see the value of working as a community but may feel the organization is not aligned with their understanding. The formal organization must have processes and structure to include these communities while honoring their root in personal passion and engagement. Starting to cultivate communities of practice as early as possible creates early examples  that allow people to learn by doing. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],educate encourage support get going set strategic context integrate
The end For information, see www.CPsquare.org www.ewenger.com Etienne Wenger P.O. Box 810 North San Juan, CA 95960, U.S.A. Phone  (530) 292-9222 E-mail  [email_address]

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Etienne slides

  • 1. The art of learning together ...................................... Communities of practice Etienne Wenger P.O. Box 810 North San Juan, CA 95960, U.S.A. Phone (530) 292-9222 Fax (530) 292-9229 E-mail [email_address]
  • 2. The individual and the social "The positive development of a society in the absence of creative, independently thinking, critical individuals is as inconceivable as the development of an individual in the absence of the stimulus of the community." (Albert Einstein) a profound insight
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 6. A social perspective Learning in practice learning practice community meaning identity What are we doing? Where do we belong Who are we becoming? What is our experience?
  • 7. Key dimensions Model 1: social discipline of learning Practice Community Domain Participation Sponsorship Nurturing Support Learning together
  • 8. Community profiles as patterns of togetherness Community activities oriented to … … meetings … context … community cultivation … access to expertise … projects … open-ended conversation … content publishing … individual participation … relationships Model 2: orientations In collaboration with Nancy White and John Smith © 2006 Wenger, White, and Smith
  • 9.
  • 10. Model 4: forms of participation occasional transactional peripheral active coordinator core group lurkers leaders sponsors experts beginners alumni outsiders
  • 11.
  • 12. addressing inherent community tensions Group Individual Interacting Publishing asynchronous synchronous discussion boards teleconference chat instant messaging member directory wiki blog telephony/ VoIP individual profile page e-mail e-mail lists scratch pad RSS “ new” indicators subscription podcast content repository presence indicator buddy list security Q&A systems RSS aggregator newsletter calendar videoconference application sharing whiteboard site index participation statistics search subgroups personalization community public page version control document management UseNet content rating scheduling polling commenting networking tools tagging bookmarking shared filtering geomapping interest filter Model 6: Tools In collaboration with Nancy White and John Smith
  • 13. A community is a living entity … not unlike a couple It takes hard work and careful nurturing It depends on renewed passion It becomes an entity in its own right It takes initiative It is voluntary It involves responsibilities It is fun It evolves private and public common ground ongoing legacy recognized stewardship communal identity long-term viability Transforming Sustaining Maturing Coalescing Potential Model 7: lifecycle
  • 14. Domains Communities Practices Stewardship Shared knowledge Learning The donut model: strategic capabilities Strategy Performance
  • 15.
  • 16. The end For information, see www.CPsquare.org www.ewenger.com Etienne Wenger P.O. Box 810 North San Juan, CA 95960, U.S.A. Phone (530) 292-9222 E-mail [email_address]

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Presentation notes This is a good exercise to do in small groups initially. Have people turn to their neighbors in groups of two or three and each describe a community that stands out in their memory. After a few minutes, ask a few people to report their experience to the whole group. The purpose of this slide is to push participants to describe the specific characteristics that made their community significant to them. They often come up with some of the characteristics outlined in Unit 3.1, and it is good to highlight these. Additional notes: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________