The document describes a training held in Tajikistan on participatory approaches and assessing potential for adaptation to climate change, which included sessions on identifying key social, economic, and environmental problems in the region, reviewing climate change impacts, and discussing components of a climate resilience project and how to advance adaptation. Participants worked in groups to analyze issues, priorities, impacts, and potential actions across sectors like water, energy, and agriculture, then presented their findings. The training aimed to improve understanding of climate change challenges and build capacity for stakeholder engagement in adaptation.

1. UNDP Project PPCR (Pilot Program for Climate Resilience)
Adaptation to Climate Change to assess institutional potential and improve awareness
on climate change in Tajikistan
Training for Trainers
October 8, 2011
Khorog
Protocol to training in GBAO
On participatory approach
On potential assessment and improved awareness
on climate change in Republic of Tajikistan
Location: Khorog, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast, Tajikistan.
Participants: see Annex 1.
Training participants: the list of participants is in Annex 1
Objective of the training: Improve awareness of the interested parties in climate
change in Tajikistan. Review of the core of the problem, analysis of resolutions,
definition of the climate change problem to ensure the in-depth understanding of
economical, social and ecological problems. Laying the grounds for further improved
potential of different stakeholders in the context of adaptation to climate change by
using a methodological instrument – a participatory approach.
Agenda
October 8, 2011 - Khorog, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast, Tajikistan
8:30 – 9:00 Registration
9:00 – 9:20 Welcoming words from the Tajik CAREC office.
Opening and presentation of participants
Project review
Objective of the training
Presentation of participants and information on their grouping
9:20 – 10:45 Upcoming priorities
Session
1
Plenary discussions and group work
10:15 – 10: 45 group presentations
10:45 – Coffee break
11:00
11:00 – Climate change impact review at the oblast level
Session 2
13:00 Review of the climate change impact (presentation); 15 min
Group work
12: 15 -13:00 Group presentations, 10 mins each
13:00 – Lunch
14:00
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2. 14:00 – Review of the key PPCR components and their regional relevance
Session
15:45 Review of the 3 main PPCR components,
3
Group work
15:45 – Coffee break
16:00
16:00 – PPCR components at the oblast level
16:45 Group presentations – 1 component for each group, each presentation 5-7
minutes.
16:45 – Key actions to advance to adaptation and sustainable development
Session
17:45 Group work
4
Plenary discussions
17:45 – Other steps and seminar closing
18:00
The first session of the training was dedicated to discussing the problems in all the
spheres of the country, with primary accent onto social, economic and ecological
components. The plenary discussion was on the future priorities for the key sectors.
This topic was first discussed in the sphere of ecological problems, then the participants
began to discussing more specific issues, such as general economic, and down to
certain industries. Some of the discussed problems were accessibility of energy
resources and land degradation problems.
Then the participants were offered to split into groups to discuss these issues in more
narrow format where each of the problems could be viewed and recorder after
consultations with specialists. The first session ended up with the analysis of all social
problems and negative aspects in all sector of economy.
The second session was dedicated to discussing already considered problems to
identify objectives until 2040. Each participant was given a chance to analyze and
coordinate in own group an opinion on how the key national industries shall adapt and
change for the upcoming 25-30 years, and how to achieve these goals in practice, not
on paper. The groups were discussing various issues related to improved living
standards of people and dependence of farmers on bad weather conditions, problems
solving with food shortage, prophylactics of diseases and viruses. Al the proposals
submitted by participants were given in the form of short proposal and presented by the
end of the work.
The third session began with presentation of the Climate change impact in Tajikistan;
this presentation showed the consequences of the climate change onto some aspects
of human life and analysis of the impact into key economy sectors.
The followed group work to discuss the key climatic impacts, their consequences and
available potential, and further potential development for perspective. The participants
noted such problems as droughts, floods and increased emergency situations,
aggravated pubic health problems and threat to national food security.
The fourth and final part of the training was dedicated to the key impacts on the way to
adaptation and sustainable development where participants discussed interaction of the
PPCR components with the selected models of future development. The participants
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3. reviewed certain actions to consider the interests of vulnerable and people with low
income, and the issues of gender sensitivity towards women.
The Training
The training began at 8:30 with the registration.
The welcoming words by Mukhabatov Kh.
review the Project description,
-presentation of the participants.
Pic.1. Opening of workshop in Khorog
Presentation by Rakhimov B
-Review of the PPCR Project.
- Project objectives.
- Procedural remarks.
-Importance of the participants’ contribution and how their contribution will be used in
the Project
Plenary discussion
The participants were offered to identify current social and economic problems in the
region with special focus on ecological and economical problems in the region, the key
industries which were identified as priority during the preliminary seminar. All the
proposals registered on the flip-chart titled “General Problems in the Region”.
The participants were divided into 3 groups with one specialist in each group
3

4. Pic.2. Work in groups
Group work
Session 1
Future priorities by key sectors
Social, economic and ecological trends focused on key industries/economy
sectors.
1. Each group was given a table to fill-up,
2. Identify current trends in the region and, if needed, other relevant trends in the
region with special emphasis on the key industries defined as priority industries
during the preliminary seminar.
3. Group presentations with the filled-up tables.
Pic.3. Facilitation of group work
4

5. Session 2
Review climate impacts on the oblast level
Draft objectives for the future as desirable and probable vector of future
development of the regions until 2040.
1. Understanding on how the industries shall change during this timeframe and
how to identify the selected objectives
2. Create descriptive part from the filed up tables.
3. Presentation by groups
Pic.4. Presentations of findings by groups
Session 3
Presentation by Rakhmonov B. on climate change impact in Tajikistan.
Review of the key PPCR components and their relevance to the region
Define future potential climatic impacts and necessary actions and potential
1. Understand and define climate change consequences in the frames of their
objectives and description of the region.
2. Define accessible and necessary potential as important steps to address the
impacts
3. Define key additional goals/actions necessary to address (adapt and mitigate)
climate change impacts.
4. Group presentation.
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6. Pic.5. Work in groups during rd session of the workshop. Presentation of finding
Session 4
Key impacts to improved adaptation and sustainable development
Assessment of sustainability of the future system and critical actions.
1. Fill up the form.
2. Concentrate on objectives and the needs relevant to the PPCR investments
3. Select objectives (up to 3) until 2040 by using these actions, accessible potential
and the needs to create concise key strategies for mid- and long-term
perspective
All findings developed by participants are presented in Annex 2.
Training closure: final remarks were made by Mukhabbatov Kh. – he underlined most
important outcomes of the workshop, thanked participants for their work and announced
the end of the training.
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7. Annex 1
List of participants
№ Name Organization Contact details Signature
1 Gulomnabiev D DTMK, GBAO region 93 515 42 12
2 Amonbekov А. GBAO, Public education 93 546 80 57
management
3 Mavlonazarova А. JSC “Nazira” 93 588 21 16
4 Abdulnazarov Z. Land planning committee, 93 531 66 01
GBAO
5 Neghmatov Z. HQ on Emergencies and 93 527 16 39
Civil Defense, GBAO
6 Navruzshoev К. Hydrometeorological 93 571 10 30
Service, GBAO
7 Сафаркулова Г. Khorog State University 93 600 31 93
8 Абдурахмонова Н. Khorog State University 93 559 85 42
9 Nafasshoeva F. Finance head Department of 93 404 90 54
GBAO
10 Abdulloeva F. Khorog State University 93 544 86 88
11 Nazarbekova S. School №1, Khorog 93 833 49 23
12 Sudurova Kh. School №1, Khorog 93 469 46 52
13 Saltanatova S. Construction Department of 93 501 93 57
GBAO
14 Atolikshoev D. Representative of the 93 588 23 52
Ministry of energy and 91 732 77 94
industry in GBAO
15 Karamkudoev Kh. Lecturer of botany chair of 93 853 22 37
State Khorog University
16 Alinazarova К. Assistant of chair of Khorog 93 540 53 49
State University
17 Satibaldiev U. Lecturer of Khorog State 93 858 22 05
University
18 Sarkorova А. Assistant of Khorog State 93 547 31 17
University
19 Komilbekov Kh. Lecturer of Khorog State 93 461 26 75
University
20 Fakirova R Student of the economical 93 555 20 82
faculty of Khorog State
University
21 Khucholova G. Botanic Garden, Pamir
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8. 22 Yusufbekov Sh. Specialist of Environment
protection department in
GBAO
23 Tokhir Navruzov Environment Protection 93 598 44 54
Department in GBAO
24 Nazirov N. Focus International 93 514 34 41
Organization
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9. Annex 2
#1
Ecological problems of Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast
1. Mud flows
2. avalanches
3. landslides
4. earthquakes
5. floods
6. droughts
7. rock falls
8. storm winds
9. hail (southern part)
10. pulsating and jumping glaciers.
11. burst of glacial lakes in the mountains
12. water-borne diseases (typhoid, intestinal diseases)
13. lack and low quality of drinking water
14. lack of cultivated land
15. irrigation and land problems
16. degradation of land available
9

10. #2
Gr.1
Sector Key problems Consequences
Water 1. lack of seasonal rains. -degradation of glaciers (lack of
2. lack of water precipitations)
3. lack of water reservoirs. -droughts
4. lack of water pipe networks -migration
5. irrational water use -decreased crops.
6. water pollution -aggravated poverty.
-diseases
-ecosystems degradation
-soil erosion
Energy 1. lack of electricity in winter. -economic damage to industries
2. ineffective use. -felling of mountain forests
3. no access to energy -use of fuel resources
resources. -negative health impact
-HPES breakdowns
Agriculture 1. droughts. -reduced agricultural crops
2. reduced seeds quality. -soil erosion and worsened
3. pastures degradation. structure
4. soil erosion. -poverty and migration
5. lack of land -decreased crops
6. lack of mineral fertilizers -gullies
7. lack of forage -lack of food.
8. problems in poultry -reduced cattle.
9. random use of pastures -negative impact on soil
10.
Other: 1. low level of specialists -lack of qualified staff
education 2. poor technical basis -reduced quality of works
public health 3. low salary -poor employment
migration 4. lack of teachers. -lack of school supplies
(stationery, computers etc).
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11. #3
Gr .2
Sector Key problems Consequences
Water 1. lack of drinking water in remote -diseases
areas. -ecological damage
2. water pollution -poverty
3. irrational water use -conflicts, degraded
4. absence of correct ground water economy.
estimates. -lack of drinking water
-land degradation
-irrational water use in
Murgab, and ground
water.
Energy 1. lack of electricity in autumn and -price for electricity is
winter the highest in the
2. obsolete equipment on HPES country
3. irrational use -trees felling,
4. no renewable sources of energy environment pollution
5. old equipment on power -slowed down economic
transmission lines development --irrational
6. slow construction of mini-hydro use of energy
Agriculture 1. land degradation -low crops.
2. poor irrigation system quality -increased land
3. lack of irrigation water degradation
4. unregulated use of pastures. -irrational use of land
5. poorly developed cattle breeding. -conflicts
6. unused land resources -aggravated criminal
7. absence of the seeds fund situation
8. -aggravated poverty
-decreased economic
development
-exhaustion of land
resources,
-decreased living
standards.
Other: 1. lack of jobs -mortality
2. low salary -poverty among
public health 3. infection diseases vulnerable groups.
4. pathologies with newborn babies, -suicide cases among
migration 5. lack of medications poor and vulnerable
people.
unemployment 1. floods, rock falls, avalanches, -poor medical service.
glacial mud flows, storm winds,
break-though of glacial lakes -victims, destruction of
infrastructure,
lack of jobs due to scarce infrastructure. degradation.
-migration, drug
addiction, alcoholism,
organized crime.
11

12. #4
12

13. #5
Gr .3
Sector Key problems Consequences
Water 1. lack of drinking and irrigation -land degradation,
water -reduced crops
2. water pollution -poor health
3. mud flows -increased disease rate
4. long-lasting heavy -destruction of roads
precipitations. -reduced glacier-fed water,
5. reduced glacial areas. -wash-outs of crop.
6. heavy snowfalls
7. absence of renewable -
energy sources due to
unawareness.
Energy 1. lack of firewood, coal -weak production of agricultural
2. remoteness from main and food products.
power transmission lines -unused potential of electric
3. limited electricity supply. energy.
4. lack of funds to construct -destruction of forest missives,
mini-hydro and distribution
lines.
Agriculture -reduced crops,
1. no access to irrigation water -reduced habitats and number of
2. increased diseases and cattle.
pests. -lack of food.
3. lack of farmland
Other: 1. migration of young people -lack of personnel
and capable specialists. -no innovation ideas for
public health 2. people unaware of economic development
ecological sanitary, reasons -increased disease rates
migration for emergencies. -environment pollution
3. increased emergencies due
ecology to melting of glaciers
13

14. #6
Gr .1
Sector Group 1, goals to 2040 Achieving goals
Water 1. improved drinking water -build new water pipe networks
quality 40% -rational water supply
2. improved use of irrigation -reconstruction of water supply
systems 50% systems
3. drinking and irrigation water -new irrigation technologies (rain
supply 45% and drip systems)
4. ground water lowering 60% -closed circle water use in
industry
-water reservoirs in mountain
areas
-water wells in areas with scarce
water
-improved CDS
Energy 1. 100% electricity supply -construct new power
2. reduced use of fuel resources transmission lines
(firewood, coal) 50% -accelerate construction of new
mini-hydro stations in elevated
areas
-construction of alternative
energy sources
-use modern technologies
-build helio – and winmills
-biogas
Agriculture 1. food security 70% -rational use of irrigated lands
2. rational land use 65% -use of drought-resistant plants
-improved water supply in the
region
-crop rotation
-regular land cultivation
-restoration of salinated and
water logged lands
Other: 1. 100% coverage with medical -use of new medicines
service 80% -new technologies
public health 2. reduction of migration 60% -free of charge medicals for the
first aid for poor
migration -new jobs
14

15. #7
Gr .2
Sector Goals to 2040 Achieving goals
Water 1. free access to drinking water -build new water pipe systems,
2. improved water cadastre in study water resources with the
the regions use of investments
3. 100% operation of water
treatment facilities (drinking
water)
Energy 1. 90% supply of population and -rational use of energy,
industry with energy alternative sources of energy
2. improve the system of (solar, wind)
specialist preparation in -improve higher education
energy sector (programs, labs, equipment
3. reconstruct (modernize) -fair procurement of machinery
operating HPESs and parts
Agriculture 1. 80% local supply with -increased crops productivity
agricultural food -agricultural studies
2. create seeds fund, 70% local -practical training and
supply of the adapted seeds educational programs
3. train people to rationally use -land re-cultivation
land and water resources -improved research works
(look at the latest
technologies)
4. improve amelioration practice
100%
Other: 1. reduce number of -new jobs and labor exchange
unemployed by 60% -increased salaries
public health 2. reduce migration by 80% -increased salaries to teachers
3. improved educational system -improved qualification of
migration teachers in high schools, fair
enrollment of students to schools
unemployment and universities
15

16. #8
Gr .3
Sector Goals to 2040 Achieving goals
Water 1. improved access to drinking -piped water supply
water -new water treatment
2. improved water quality technologies –water pumps,
3. water supply to fertile land water canals, water reservoir
4. new technologies of water -attract foreign investments
treatment in Sugd oblast -overall irrigation
5. water metering
6. reduced water loss during
irrigation
Energy 1. rehabilitate electric equipment -procure and replace obsolete
2. develop renewable energy equipment
sources -wind-mill parks and heliofields
3. build mini-hydro stations
4. improved tax and legal basis to
invest in private sector
Agriculture 1. develop private silk worm -groups of observers
breeding -seeds fund
2. rational use of arable land -sectoral plan
3. use quality seeds -decrease bank interest to
4. procure new equipment agricultural loans
5. train correct land cultivation -selection of best cattle types
practices -seminars
6. information center on correct -supply with literature
land cultivation
Other: 1. create jobs -develop winery
2. improved legal awareness of -reduce tax burden
public health people -build factories to process raw
3. develop pharmaceutical materials and fabrics
migration products by using local herbs -education on consumer rights,
civil rights
16

17. #9
Gr .1
Key impacts Natural disasters prevention
Description of 1. mud flows, floods, avalanches
consequences landslides
droughts,
hail ,
hurricanes
● earthquakes
strokes of lightning
heavy rains
Accessible potential / ● resettlement to safer areas
adaptation ● construct mudflow protection
● equip meteorological stations with correct
equipment
● Planting trees and forests
● Develop drought-resistant plants
● Construct quake-resistant buildings
● Construct lightning conductors
Necessary potential / ● Resettlement plan
adaptation ● Financial assistance
● New equipment
● Procure seeds of drought-resistant plants
● Latest technologies and qualified specialists
● Financial support to procure hail-protection systems
● Scientific justification of projects to the quake-proof
structures
● Investment assistance
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18. #10
Gr .2
Key impacts Droughts
Description of ● Lack of water resources
consequences ● Increased disease rates
● Increased migration
● Reduced water stock
● Non-regulated work of waterworks facilities
● Undesirable social phenomenon (suicide, quarrels,
divorces etc.)
● Food deficit
● Land degradation
● Reduced incomes
● Conflicts
Accessible potential / ● Distribution of land resources
adaptation ● Water reservoirs
● Due vaccination
● Forests
● Drought-resistant plants
● Locality monitoring
Necessary potential / ● Increase potential through education (seminars,
adaptation trainings)
● Support to farmers (financing)
● Use of glaciers and snowfields in exceptional
cases
● Detailed study/analysis of the reasons of droughts
and their cycles
● Create additional water reservoirs
● Draft development strategies
18

19. #11
Gr .3
Key impacts Land degradation
Description of ● Price rise to food products
consequences ● Reduction of arable lands
● Malnutrition impacts the national genetic fund
● Reduced crops
● Aggravated food security situation
● Skin diseases
● Hypertension
● Osteoporosis
● Malaria
● Cardio-vascular diseases
● Reduced average life expectancy
Accessible potential / ● Construct forest protection and drainages
adaptation ● Introduce water-economy systems in irrigation
● Seminars to local farms on land degradation
prophylactics
● Recover the herbal healing tradition
● Improve qualification of doctors through trainings
● Procure modern medical equipment
● Experience exchange and use the world medical
practices
Necessary potential / ● Autonomous power supply of hospitals by using
adaptation renewable energy sources
● Establish organs to use medicinal herbs
● Develop land protection program
19

20. #12
Gr .1
PPCR components Impact onto vulnerable groups Recommendations to PPCR
of people / gender
Improved ■ Centers for public studies ○ Investments in jamoats
adaptation on climate change initiatives to prevent
potential to climate (seminars, trainings and climate change impacts
change conferences) ○ Special attention to
■ The centers are in close vulnerable people in
contact with jamoats and mountain areas
regional centers
■ Improved meteorological
,monitoring system
Increased climate- ■ Clean-up the Kairakum ○ Latest equipment and
resistance in reservoir bed financial support
energy sector ■ Timely information on the ○ New equipment procured
upcoming weather by the Committee on
deviations Emergencies
■ Improved services of ○ Provide with qualified
hydrometeorological data personnel and
supply investments
Improved services ■ Draft priority investment ○ Provide for new
and data on plan to rehabilitate technologies and
climate, weather Kairakum HPES equipment
and water ■ Systematic data on ○ Organize courses and
weather patterns and training seminars for
water run-off specialists
■ Improved water quality ○ Improved dams
monitoring in the reservoir monitoring and ensure
investments
20

21. #13
Gr .2
PPCR components Impact onto vulnerable groups Recommendations to PPCR
of people / gender
Improved ■ Crete public awareness ○ Training courses to study
adaptation programs climate and resistance
potential to climate ■ Educational support to potential
change poor, single women and ○ Create info-centers at
large families jamoat levels
○ Draft national program on
adaptation to climate
change
○ Introduce relevant
knowledge to educational
institutions
Increased climate- ■ Reconstruct and ○ Study the reasons of low
resistance in modernize Kairakum and high water
energy sector HPES fluctuations in Syrdarya
■ Find ways to supply poor river
families with alternative ○ Find ways of energy
energy supply to industries
■ Find ways to supply poor under the energy deficit
families with energy at ○ Mine silt from the bed of
best prices Kairakum water reservoir
○ In the upstream of rivers
Shakhimardan, Sokh and
Isfanransai build
reservoirs to reduce
siltation downstream
Improved services ■ Improved monitoring and ○ Public information
and data on public information supply centers at jamoat levels
climate, weather ■ Re-equip monitoring in case of emergencies
and water stations ○ Improve this service by
using mobile service etc
○ Improved financing of
hydrometeorological
service
21

22. #14
Gr .3
PPCR components Impact onto vulnerable groups Recommendations to PPCR
of people / gender
Improved ■ Seminars to public on land ○ Training courses on
adaptation potential and civil rights certain trades
to climate change ■ Create female ○ Self-help and investment
cooperatives on sewing groups
and knitting
Increased climate- ■ Rehabilitate the energy ○ Develop alternative
resistance in education energy
energy sector ○ Biogas systems
Improved services ■ Cell phone agricultural ○ Weather forecast on
and data on forecasts radio and other means
climate, weather ■ Emergencies notification ○ Improved cooperation
and water by using sms-messaging with the meteorological
center
22

23. #15
Goals for 3 years Goals for 5 years
● 90% of electricity supply of Sugd ● National seeds fund without modified
oblast organisms
● Training courses and seminars to ● Rehabilitate cultivated lands in Sugd
specialists oblast
● Information centers at jamoat levels ● Special attention to vulnerability in
● Modernize Kairakum HPES mountain areas
● Develop biogas technologies to ● Climate change study centers.
utilize organic wastes ● Small businesses in mountains to
● Clean up of the Kairakum reservoir process fruits with account to climate
bed of silt change
● Study the reasons of land
degradation and salination and rise
of ground waters
23