3. • G.V. Black is credited with the first
acceptable nomenclature and classification
of hand instruments.
• His classification system enabled both
dentists and manufacturers to communicate
more clearly and effectively in regard to
instrument design and function.
5. HISTORY OF
INSTRUMENTATION
• In early Carbon Steel was primary used in
instruments.
• But it was harder material.
• Nowadays stainless steel is main material.
6. Cutting Instruments
• Before the invention of rotatory instruments
Dentist could cut well shaped cavity using
sharp hand instruments.
• Drawback
• Nowadays all tooth preparations are done
with rotatory instruments
• But hand cutting instruments are still
important in finishing of tooth preparation.
7. DESIGN
• Hand cutting instruments consist of three
parts:
• Handle
• Shank
• Blade
• There is a slight angulation.
8.
9. List Of Cutting Instruments
• The terminology organized by GV Black is still
used with some modifications.
• He named the instruments according to their
shapes.
• He called all cutting instruments as Excevators.
21. Sharpening Of Hand Instruments
• Look at the cutting edge in bright light.
• Presence of “Glint” indicates edge is rounded
or dull.
22. The cutting edge of the hand instrument should
always be kept sharp as dull
instruments
1. Loss of control.
2. More pain.
3. Prolonged time for the operative procedure.
4. Reduce the quality and precision of tooth
preparation
30. Straight
• The long axis of bur is same as long axis of
hand piece.
• Used in laboratory as well as in clinics.
31. Contra-Angle
• Primary handpiece used in mouth.
• Head of handpiece is angled first away and
then back toward ,the long axis of handle.
32. Types of Contra-Angle Hand piece
• Low speed
• 500-15000 rpm
• Use for removal of carious dentin
• High speed
• 160,000-5,00,000 rpm
• Use for cutting enamel and dentin
