The document discusses the passive voice in grammar. It defines the passive voice as focusing on the recipient of the action rather than the performer. It provides examples of active and passive voice sentences. The key uses of the passive voice include when the actor is unknown, unimportant, or to avoid assigning responsibility for an action. Only transitive verbs that take an object can be changed to the passive voice.

1. PassiveVoice Easy-to-understandapproach Oscar Gamboa

2. PassiveVoice A waytopointoutsomethingorsomeonethatreceivesanaction and isthemostimportantentity in a phrase.

3. PassiveVoice Subject: Istheentity in grammar, a person, animal, objectorthing, thatperformstheaction. Forexample: Shereadsherbooks. (= whoreads? Whoperformstheaction?----->SHE does). Object : Istheentity in grammar, a person, animal, objectorthing, thatreceivestheaction. Forexample: He kissesher. (= whokisses----> He does, butWhoReceivesthekiss?----> SHE does. Sheistheobject.)

4. PassiveVoice Structure Verbtobe+ Pastparticiple(Byactiondoer= optional)*** Example: Spanishisspokenthroughout South America(byVenezuelans, Braziliansand Urugayans, amongothers).

5. PassiveVoice Thus, theobjectfromthe active voicebecomesthesubject in thepassivevoice . Forexample: Shewaswritingthe novel The novel wasbeingwrittenbyher SubjectVerbObject SubjectVerbAgent

6. PassiveVoice Whenwewanttoform a passivevoice, weneedtoknowthe tense of theaction, toconjugatetheverbtobe. Forexample, ifwewanttoexpressthattherewas a robbery, wethink of the active voiceand thenformthepassivevoice. Example: Threemenstole a car. (Themainverbis in thepast simple form, stole, so we use past simple fortheverbtobein thepassivevoice). A car wasstolenbythreemen.

7. PassiveVoice Thepastparticipledoesnotchange, sinceitisfixedforallgrammaticalpersons, so allweneedto do itlearnitbyrepetition. *** Sincewe are givingimportancemainlytowhatorwhoreceivedtheaction,thatistheobjectwe do notneedtomentionthesubject.

8. PassiveVoice When do we use thepassivevoice? - Itisnormallyusedwhenwriting, more thanspeaking. - Itisnormallyusedwhentheactiondoerisunkown. Forexample: Yourpaperswerelost. (= we do notknowwholostthem) - Whentheactiondoerisunimportantorobviousforthecontext. Forexample: Therobber has beenarrested. (itisobviousthatthepolicearrestedhim)

9. PassiveVoice - Whentheactionitselfismuch more importantthantheactiondoer. Forexample in newsheadlines, advertisements, formal notices, and so on. Forexample: ThepartywillbethrownnextTuesday. - Whenwewishtoavoidtakingresponsibilityforanaction, orwementionanunpleasantevent and we do notwithtomentionwhosefaultitis. Forexample: Ten passengerswerekilled in theaccident.

10. PassiveVoice Onlytransitiveverbs, thosethattakeanobject, can bechangedintothepassivevoice. - Forexample : Theverblivedoesnottakeanobject Active : Shelives in Budapest. NO PASSIVE FORM Passive: Budapest islived in byher. Sometransitiveverbs: Sometransitiveverbscannotbechangedintothepassive: She has a car. NO PASSIVE VOICE A car ishadbyher.

11. PassiveVoice Hope it has beenwellexplained and internalized. Chao!!