anatomy of thyroid gland

1. Anatomy practical 1
(Anatomy of Thyroid Gland)
By :
Osama Al-Zahrani
@OSAMA_Z96
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2. 1- The Thyroid gland are located at the lower part of front of the neck.
2- It is consist of 2 lobes connected in the middle line by the isthmus.
3- The apex of the lobes can extend into the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage of larynx.
4- The base of the lobes is lies at the level of 4th or 5th tracheal ring.
5- The isthmus extends across the midline in front of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th tracheal rings
Anatomy of Thyroid Gland
(Anatomical characteristics)

3. Anatomy of Thyroid Gland
Thyroid cartilage
Common carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Trachea
Left lobe of
Thyroid gland
Right lobe of
Thyroid gland
Isthmus
Base
Apex
Thyroid Gland

4. Anatomy of Thyroid Gland
Infrahyoid muscle
Hyoid Bone
Suprahyoid muscle
Trachea
Thyroid cartilage
Left lobe of
Thyroid gland
Right lobe of
Thyroid gland
Isthmus
Thyroid Gland
Base
Apex

5. • Parts :
1- Right lobe.
2- Left lobe.
3- Isthmus.
4- Base.
5- Apex.
• Surface :
1- Lateral surface.
2- Medial surface.
3- Posterolateral surface.
• Borders :
1- Anterior border.
2- Posterior border.
Anatomy of Thyroid Gland
(Parts & Surface & Borders)

6. Anatomy of Thyroid Gland
(Relations)
Relations of the lobes
1- The sternothyroid.
2- The omohyoid
3- The sternohyoid.
Anterolaterally
The carotid sheath :
1- Common carotid artery.
2- The internal jugular vein.
3- The vagus nerve.
Posterolaterally
1- The larynx.
2- The trachea.
3- The pharynx
4- The esophagus.
5- Parathyroid glands.
6- Recurrent laryngeal nerve.
7- Vascular anastomosis between superior thyroid vessel and inferior
thyroid vessel.
Medially

7. Anatomy of Thyroid Gland
(Relations)
Relations of the isthmus
1- The sternothyroids.
2- Sternohyoids
3- Superficial fascia containing anterior jugular veins.
4- Skin
Anteriorly
The 2nd , 3rd , and 4th tracheal rings.Posteriorly

8. Anatomy of Thyroid Gland
(Relations)

9. • Arterial supply :
1- Superior thyroid artery (Branch of the external carotid artery).
2- Inferior thyroid artery (Branch of the thyrocervical trunk ).
3- Thyroidea ima artery (If present, may arise from the brachiocephalic artery or the arch of the aorta).
• Venous drainage :
1- Superior thyroid vein (Drains into the internal jugular vein).
2- Middle thyroid vein (Drains into the internal jugular vein).
3- Inferior thyroid vein (Drains into the left brachiocephalic vein).
• Nerve innervation :
Superior, middle, and inferior cervical sympathetic ganglia.
Anatomy of Thyroid Gland
(Blood supply & Nerve innervation)

10. For further information :
(Textbook)
Snell’s Clinical Anatomy 9th Edition
Page : 657 & 658