COPD is a chronic lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. It includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. 16 million Americans have been diagnosed with COPD, with 14 million having chronic bronchitis and 2 million having emphysema. COPD is caused by smoking, secondhand smoke, air pollution, and occupational irritants. It is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Symptoms include cough, fatigue, respiratory infections, shortness of breath, and wheezing. Treatment includes inhalers, anti-inflammatory medications, oxygen therapy, and antibiotics. The main treatment objectives are to slow lung function decline, relieve symptoms, improve daily function, and decrease exacerbations to improve

1. Dr Muhammad Omair Riaz
1

2. 
A condition in which;
 The lungs have become permanently altered .
The airways in the lungs are constantly
narrowed.
Chronic inflammation creates difficulty
breathing
What is COPD?
2

3. 
 The anatomy of the Lungs
The Lungs
3

4.  COPD causes airway narrowing, inflammation and
mucous production.
What does COPD do?
4

5. 
16 million Americans are diagnosed with
COPD
14 million have Chronic Bronchitis
2 million have Emphysema
COPD Facts

6.  Bronchitis is inflammation of the inner lining of the
Bronchi
Bronchitis
6

7. 
 Emphysema is long-term destruction of lungs over
time.
Emphysema
7

8. 
COPD results from
smoking
second-hand smoke
air pollution
Occupational irritants
COPD Causes
8

9.  Substances within cigarettes damage the alveoli sacs.
Cigarette smoking
9

10. 
COPD is the 4th leading cause of death in the
United States.
COPD has a higher mortality rate than
Asthma.
The annual cost to the nation for COPD is
approximately $30.4 Billion dollars.
COPD Facts
10

11. 
Cough with or without mucous
Fatigue
Frequent respiratory infections
Shortness of breath
Wheezing
Symptoms
11

12. 
12
COPD: Spectrum of
Disease

13. 13

14. 
14

15. 
15

16. 
16

17. 
17

18. 
18
)

19. 
 Restrictive
 Reduced expansion
 Reduced aeration (secondary to above)
 Obstructive
 Normal expansion
 Reduced aeration (pathologic)
19
Restrictive versus Obstructive

20. 
20

21. 21

22. 
22

23. 
23

24. 
24

25. 
Inhalers (Bronchodilators)
Anti-inflammatory medications
Oxygen therapy
Antibiotics (with Bacterial infection)
Medical Treatment of
COPD
25

26. 
Slow the accelerated decline in lung function
Relieve symptoms
Improve daily function
Decrease exacerbations
Improve quality of life.
Treatment Objectives
26

27. 
Smoking cessation is the most important
consideration.
Accelerated loss of lung function can be slowed
Decline in loss of lung function can be reduced
Smoking Cessation
27

28. 
COPD is a long-term illness
COPD worsens quickly with smoking
COPD can cause arrhythmias
COPD can cause pneumonia
COPD can cause osteoporosis
Complications
28

29. 29
Questions?