Routers R1 and R2 were configured with OSPF routing and subnets were created for different departments on each router. Router R0 was configured as the central router to connect R1 and R2 along with providing DHCP and DNS services. Ping tests verified connectivity between devices on different subnets routing through the OSPF configured routers.

1. MAIN PROJECT # 1
SUMMITED BY:
OM PRAKASH

2. What is IP Routing?
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 Routing is the act of moving information (data
packets) across an inter-network from a source node
to a destination node.
 Routing decisions for a packet is taken by the routers
on the basis of the routing tables
 Routing tables of the routers are either provided to
the routers by the Network Admins or that is
generated by the routers it self by using dynamic
routing techniques

3. WHAT IS IGPs ?
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 IGP stands for Interior Gateway Protocols, is the set
consists of protocols could be implemented on the
network owned by some Autonomous System (AS) or
firm ( Privately owned)
 For the transfer of packets between different ASs we
require Exterior Gateway Protocols e.g. BGP
 The IGPs set consists protocols like OSPF,RIP,IGRP
EIGRP etc.

4. About OSPF
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 The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is an
Interior Gateway Protocol used to distribute routing
information within a single Autonomous System
 It is defined in Reference For Comments document
(RFC 2328)
 OSPF is a link-state routing protocol, which means
that changes in routing are based on the status and
speeds of the physical links in the networked
routers, and changes are immediately propagated to
every router on the network

5. Why OSPF
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 It is most used IGP
 It has several features like:
• Consists of areas and autonomous systems
• Minimizes routing update traffic
• Allows scalability
• Supports VLSM/CIDR
• Has unlimited hop count
• Allows multi-vendor deployment (open standard)

6. Problem Statement
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 Lets consider that we have to configure a network
for a medium level firm
 The firm consists three CISCO ROUTERS of 2600
series (with IOS v-12) which are to be configured
using the OSPF v2
 Sub-networks for different departments finance,
marketing, sales and HR has to be created(Routers
R1 and R2 )
 There is also a Wi-Fi network to be configured for
Wi-Fi devices (Router R3)

7. Problem Scenario
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8. About Cisco's Packet Tracer
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 Cisco Packet Tracer is a powerful network simulation
program, widely used for training, research and
education (using v5.3.2)
 As it is not feasible to use actual physical router just for
experimental purposes, so we require some simulator to
do the leanings in which we are primarily interested
 There are benefits of using the simulator as well like we
can approximate the behavior of our system in actual
scenario

9. Configurations on Routers
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Configurations on the Router R0
Router>
Router>enable
Router#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname R0
R0(config)#
R0(config)#router ospf 12
R0(config-router)#network 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 area
R0(config-router)#network 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
R0(config-router)#network 192.168.3.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
R0(config-router)#network 192.168.4.1 0.0.0.0 area 0
R0(config-router)#exit
R0(config)#
R0(config)#ip dhcp pool admin
R0(dhcp-config)# default-router 192.168.3.1
R0(dhcp-config)# dns-server 192.168.4.2
R0(dhcp-config)#exit
R0(config)#write

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Cont…
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Configurations on the Router R1
R1(config)#
R1(config)#router ospf 12
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#exit
R1(config)#
R0(config)#write
Configurations on the Router R2
R2(config)#
R2(config)#router ospf 12
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#
R0(config)#write

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Results
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The routing table of router R0 :
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
192.168.1.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
192.168.2.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet3/0
192.168.4.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.4.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.10.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.1.2, 05:45:31, FastEthernet1/0
O 192.168.11.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.1.2, 05:45:31, FastEthernet1/0
O 192.168.20.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.2, 05:45:31, FastEthernet2/0
O 192.168.21.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.2, 05:45:31, FastEthernet2/0
R0#

12. Cont…
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The routing table of router R1 :
192.168.1.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
192.168.2.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 192.168.2.0 [110/2] via 192.168.1.1, 02:33:30, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.1.1, 05:51:59, FastEthernet0/0
192.168.4.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 192.168.4.0 [110/2] via 192.168.1.1, 05:51:59, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C 192.168.11.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
O 192.168.20.0/24 [110/3] via 192.168.1.1, 02:33:30, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.21.0/24 [110/3] via 192.168.1.1, 02:33:30, FastEthernet0/0
R1#

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Cont…
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The routing table of router R2 :
192.168.1.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 192.168.1.0 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 05:55:04, FastEthernet0/0
192.168.2.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 192.168.2.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 05:55:04, FastEthernet0/0
192.168.4.0/29 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 192.168.4.0 [110/2] via 192.168.2.1, 05:55:04, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.10.0/24 [110/3] via 192.168.2.1, 05:55:04, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.11.0/24 [110/3] via 192.168.2.1, 05:55:04, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C 192.168.21.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet2/0
R2#

14. Verification of Results
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 Ping from Tablet PC0 to PC0:
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PC>ping 192.168.10.2
Pinging 192.168.10.2 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.10.2: bytes=32 time=266ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.10.2: bytes=32 time=173ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.10.2: bytes=32 time=156ms TTL=126
Reply from 192.168.10.2: bytes=32 time=172ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 192.168.10.2:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 156ms, Maximum = 266ms, Average = 191ms

15. 
THANKING
YOU