Day 2- Opening Scene-setting by Rachmat Mardiana, Bappenas

Day 2- Opening Scene-setting by Rachmat Mardiana, Bappenas
National Development Planning Policy on Electricity Directorate of Electricity, Telecommunication and Informatics Deputy Minister on Infrastructure Ministry of National Development Planning 8 Maret 2023
2 ECONOMIC TRAJECTORY - VISION 2045 (Indonesia Towards Developed Country) 2 POST-PANDEMIC GDP PER CAPITA SCENARIO Inclusive and Sustainable ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION as a “GAME CHANGER” for Indonesia’s becoming a developed country GDP Growth 2022 – 2045 (average) 6,0% Role of eastern Indonesia in the National Economy 25,0% ECONOMIC TRANFORMATION Strategi #1 Competitive Human Resources: • Health system • Education (education system and character development) • Research and Innovation Strategi #2 Economic Sector Productivity: • Industrialization • SME productivity • Agriculture modernization Strategi #3 Green Economy: • Low carbon economy and circular economy • Blue Economy • Energy transition Strategi #5 Domestic Economic Integration: (economic powerhouse) • Connectivity infrastructure: Superhub, Sea hub, Air Hub • Domestic Value Chain Strategi #4 Digital Transformation: • Digital Infrastructure • Digital utilization • Enabling factors Strategi #6 New Capital City Nusantara: • New source of development • Regional economic balance Source: Deputy for Economics, Bappenas
3 Under exercising on up-dating the national decarbonization roadmap toward Net Zero Emission by 2060 (more concrete, detailed, integrated) ENERGY SECTOR COMMITMENTS TOWARDS NET ZERO EMISSION 2050 National Commitments 2016-2030 • The Mandate of Law No.16/2016 on Ratification of the Paris Agreement: reducing GHG emissions by 29% (self- effort) or 41% (with international assistance) by 2030 according to NDC; • The energy sector reduces GHG by 314-398 million tons of CO2 in 2030, through the development of renewable energy, implementation of energy efficiency, energy conservation, as well as the application of clean energy technology. National Commitments 2021-2050 • Implement concrete actions on climate change through a moratorium on forest and peat land conversion to reduce forest fire by 82%; • Encouraging green development through the development of a Green Industrial Park covering an area of 12.500 hectares in North Kalimantan; • Unlock investment in the energy transition through the development of biofuels, lithium battery industry, and electric vehicles. Leaders Summit on Climate, 22 April 2021 UNFCCC – COP21, December 2015
4 DISCOURSE PROCESS OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT OF THE NET-ZERO EMISSION 2060 SCENARIO At the beginning of the discourse on developing the NZE model, the Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas prepared several scenarios year options in which net-zero emissions must be achieved, namely 2045, 2050, 2060, and 2070. • The projections results from various scenarios for the target year for achieving the NZE have been submitted by the Minister of National Development Planning/Head of Bappenas at the Indonesia Net-Zero Summit 2021. • Each of the NZE year options certainly has different consequences, both in terms of socio-economic and environmental aspects, as well as cost and investment requirements. • After going through several discussion processes and seeing the dynamics of the latest developments, the process of developing the system dynamics net-zero emission model is focused on achieving NZE in 2060.
NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING SYSTEM Planning is a process for determining appropriate future actions, according to a sequence of options, taking into account available resources. PLANNING APPROACH 1. 2. 3. PLAN PREPARATION PLAN ESTABLISHMENT IMPLEMENTATION CONTROL PLAN PERFOMANCE EVALUATION • Draft National/Regional Development Plan • Draft K/L/SKPD Work Plan • Development Planning Conference • Final Draft Development Plan • National RPJP (Law) and Regional RPJP (Perda) for a period of 20 (twenty) years [2005-2025] • RPJMN by Presidential/Regulation/Regional Head for 5 (five) years [2020-2024] • RKP/RKPD with Presidential/RegionalHead Regulation for annual period [2023 4. PLANNING STAGES 1. Holistic, Integrative, Thematic, Spatial (HITS) 2. Money follows program - through (a) funding framework; (b) regulatory framework; and (c) public service and investment framework CONTAINED IN THE KRISNA SYSTEM (APBN) AND PLANNING DOCUMENTS During the last five years of the 2005-2024 National Long-Term Development Plan, the Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas began preparing the 2025- 2045 National Long-Term Development Plan and the 2025-2030 National Medium-Term Development Plan. RPJPN 2005-2025 RPJMN 2020-2024 1945 Constitution RPJPN 2025-2045 RPJMN 2025-2030 National Long-Term Development Plan FRAMEWORK OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CONSTITUTION - RPJP - RPJM
6 Flow of RPJPN 2025 - 2045 VISI ABADI: Independent, Unity, sovereign, justice and properity MISI ABADI BERNEGARA: 1. Protect the entire Indonesian nation 2. Advancing the general Welfare, 3. Enrich the life of the nation 4. Participate in carrying out world order based on freedom, eternal peace, and social justice UUD 1945 Vision and Mission INDONESIA VISION INDONESIA EMAS 2025 - 2045 Target of vison Indonesia 2025 - 2045 Mission: Development Agenda OBJECTIVE INDICATOR Visi antara Misi Kementerian PPN/Bappenas Sumber: Kementerian PPN/Bappenas
7 DEVELOPMENT STAGES IN THE NATIONAL LONG TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN (RPJPN) 2005-2025 RPJM I (2005-2009) Menata kembali NKRI, menbangun Indonesia yang aman dan damai, yang adil dan demokratis, dengan tingkat kesejahteraan yang lebih baik RPJM II (2009-2014) Memantapkan penataan kembali NKRI, meningkatkan kualitas SDM, membangun kemampuan IPTEK, memperkuat daya saing perekonomian RPJM III (2015-2019) Memantapkan pembangunan secara menyeluruh dengan menekankan pembangunan keunggulan kompetitif perekonomian yang berbasis pada SDA yang tersedia, SDM yang berkualitas serta kemampuan IPTEK RPJM IV (2020-2024) Mewujudkan manusia Indonesia yang mandiri, maju, adil dan makmur melalui percepatan pembangunan di segala bidang dengan struktur perekonomian yang kokoh berlandaskan keunggulan kompetitif VISI PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL 2005–2025 INDONESIA THAT IS INDEPENDENT, ADVANCED, FAIR AND PROSPEROUS Some of them are: • Per capita income in 2025 achieves prosperity equivalent to middle-income countries. • Achievement of rural electrification and household electrification. Sumber: Kementerian PPN/Bappenas
8 NEXT LONG TERM DEVELOPMENT MILESTONE Sumber: Kementerian PPN/Bappenas
9 FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION (2021) ISU-ISU PEMBANGUNAN 1 EQUITY & AFFORDABILITY 2 SECURITY & RESILIENCE 3 ENV. SUSTAINABILITY ▪ Diversity of supply ▪ Import dependence ▪ Recovery capacity ▪ Energy prices ▪ Affordability (expenditure) ▪ Access to “modern” energy ▪ Productivity (efficiency & intensity) ▪ Decarbonization (renewable) ▪ Emission 848,9 juta BOE * Sumber: Bappenas, HEESI (diolah) Jenis Permintaan Kelompok Permintaan (Tidak termasuk biomasa) 76,3 BOE/Triliun Rp INTENSITAS ENERGI FINAL 3,11 BOE KONSUMSI ENERGI FINAL/CAPITA
10 PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (2021) 1 Primary Supply Independence ▪ Domestic production is sufficient but most of it is exported. ▪ Domestic supply is partly from imports (23.3%). ▪ The largest imports are fuel (finished products) and petroleum. 2 Trade Balance ▪ The oil and gas trade deficit (starting 2012) was influenced by the oil deficit and "helped" by the net export of natural gas. ▪ The oil trade deficit was influenced by the deficit in petrol since 1996 followed by the deficit in crude oil starting in 2013. * Sumber: Bappennas, HEESI (diolah) IMPOR 346.6 kBOE (Unit dalam ribu BOE, tidak termasuk biomasa) PES: Primary Energy Supply REPES: Renewable Energy PES Exp: Export Imp: Import LARGEST CONSUMPTION (TRANSPORT) IS MET PARTLY WITH IMPORTED SUPPLIES (FUEL & CRUDE OIL)
11 ELECTRICITY SUPPLY AND DEMAND (Supply) ▪ Generation capacity plans ▪ Renewable energy generation capacity mix ▪ Investment needs ▪ Energy intensity ▪ Role/portion of electricity in total energy demand ▪ Projected demand ▪ Electricity demand per capita Objective Function ▪ Golden Indonesia 2045 ▪ Regional development NZE of electricity sector in 2060 No negative emissions ▪ Energy source availability ▪ Least cost (Demand) Investment Framework (Technology Options) Electric transport technology: ❑ Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV); ❑ Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV); dan ❑ Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV). Storage technology: ❑ Baterai; ❑ Hidrogen. Generation technology: ❑ Nuklir; ❑ Hidrogen dan amonia; ❑ PLTS; ❑ Co-firing; ❑ Coal phase out; ❑ Distributed Energy Resources (DER). Distributor technology ❑ Super-grid ❑ Smart grid
FINANCING AND FUNDING OF ELECTRICITY INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT 12 Infrastructure Projects Central Government Local Government BUMN Swasta Central Government Local Government (User Fee) Tax Community Money flow to repay upfront investment Bank Capital Markets Investor MDBs Funding Source: *) Possible combination of tax and user fees Financing: Upfront Investment Funding: Origination of Money to Repay Financing Source of Financing: Institusi yang membayar investasi dimuka: SLA; PMN; K/L Internal; Direct Lending; Bond, etc IPP Subsidy; Compensation; Guarantee Bill Project Aspects: Readiness PROJECT FEASIBILITY AND CREDIBILITYCOHERENCE OF DEVELOPMENT TARGETS LICENSING AND PROCUREMENT PROCESSRATING TECHNICAL AND R&D SUPPORT ASSET SECURITIZATION GREEN BOND SEED CAPITAL CONVERTIBLE GRANTS PRICE POLICYTARIFF POLICY (SUBSIDIES)EXPENDITURE REALLOCATION (SUBSIDY, REFOCUSING, INTERIM)FISCAL CAPACITY (TAX AND NON-TAX) GAP * Ilustrasi GAP Policy Direction
13 URGENSI TRANSFORMASI EKONOMI: Hanya tersisa waktu selama 22 tahun, untuk menaikkan GNI per Capita 4x Lipat Agar diatas threshold High Income Economy Sumber: Deputi Bidang Ekonomi, Bappenas *Proyeksi Threshold High Income dihitung dari trend inflasi SDR 2040 Proyeksi GNI per Capita2022 4.460 0 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 30.000 35.000 Proyeksi GNI per Capita Indonesia (USD) 22 TAHUN Proyeksi Threshold High Income* 7 % 6 % 5 % Threshold Upper-Middle Income ThresholdLow Income Sejak tahun 1993: Indonesia keluar dari Low Income Country 1998-2002: Indonesia kembali ke Low Income Country akibat krisis 2019: Indonesia masuk ke dalam Upper-Middle Income Country 2020-2021: Indonesia kembali ke Lower- Middle Income Country akibat pandemi Peran Ekonomi Bagian Timur Indonesia 25,0% Rata-Rata Pertumbuhan PDB 2022 – 2045 6,0%
14 TATA KELOLA INDUSTRI KETENAGALISTRIKAN STRUCTURE CONDUCT PERFORMANCE GOVERNMENT POLICY Membutuhkan TRANSFORMASI STRUKTURAL Efisiensi Operasi Keandalan Kinerja Financial Perencanaan & Pengadaan single buyer Dominasi vertical dan geografis Barrier to entry Kebijakan harga dan tarif Konsistensi regulasi BUMN sebagai last resort dan first priority Akses Pengawas an PENGUATAN KELEMBAGAAN TRANSFORMASI STRUKTUR INDUSTRI Bauran
15 Long Term Energy Scenario
16 Prakiraan Awal Permintaan Listrik Menurut Wilayah (Skenario NZE) (TWh) - 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200 1.400 201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033203420352036203720382039204020412042204320442045 TWh Sumatera Jamali Kalimantan Sulawesi Maluku Nusa Tenggara Papua Region 2021 2030 2035 2040 2045 Sumatera 47 82 119 172 231 Jamali 187 293 402 545 695 Kalimantan 15 27 39 57 76 Sulawesi 16 30 45 67 95 Maluku 2 3 4 6 9 Nusa Tenggara 5 9 12 17 21 Papua 4 7 9 13 18 Total 276 450 631 876 1.145
17 Prakiraan Awal Permintaan Listrik Menurut Wilayah dan Sektor (Skenario NZE) - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 2019 2022 2025 2028 2031 2034 2037 2040 2043 2046 2049 2052 2055 2058 TWh Sumatra - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 2019 2022 2025 2028 2031 2034 2037 2040 2043 2046 2049 2052 2055 2058 TWH Kalimantan - 200 400 600 800 1.000 1.200 2019 2022 2025 2028 2031 2034 2037 2040 2043 2046 2049 2052 2055 2058 TWh Jamali - 50 100 150 200 250 2019 2022 2025 2028 2031 2034 2037 2040 2043 2046 2049 2052 2055 2058 TWH Sulawesi - 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 2019 2022 2025 2028 2031 2034 2037 2040 2043 2046 2049 2052 2055 2058 TWh Nusa Tenggara - 5 10 15 20 25 2019 2022 2025 2028 2031 2034 2037 2040 2043 2046 2049 2052 2055 2058 TWh Maluku - 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2019 2022 2025 2028 2031 2034 2037 2040 2043 2046 2049 2052 2055 2058 TWh Papua
18 Isu Strategis Transisi Energi: Ketenagalistrikan TRANSISI KETENAGALISTRIKAN Elektrifikasi (Transportasi, Rumah Tangga dan Industri) Dekarbonisasi Kerjasama (Internasional, Swasta dan Pemerintah) Percepatan Pemanfaatan Energi Terbarukan Keuangan Berkelanjutan (Sustainable Finance) penguatan Tata Kelola
19 Net-Zero Emission Scenario: Energy Sector Assumptions No. Policy BAU Scenario 2060 NZE Scenario 1 Renewable Energy Power Plant The proportion of renewable energy remains relatively constant until 2060 There is a significant increase in the proportion of renewable energy in electricity generation to close to 100 percent by 2060, with the remainder being met by nuclear power. 2 Energy Efficiency Final energy efficiency rate constant at 1 percent per year Energy efficiency levels rise progressively from 1 percent today to 6 percent by 2030 etc. 3 Electric Vehicle No additional electric vehicles for public and private transportation Increase in the number of electric vehicles for public and private transportation to 95 percent by 2055 4 Energy subsidies No removal of energy subsidies Complete elimination of energy subsidies for fuel, gas and electricity by 2030 5 Coal phase-out No coal phase-out Decrease coal use to eventually zero by 2060 across all sectors 6 Hydrogen fuel No utilization of hydrogen fuel Utilization of hydrogen for fuel in the transportation sector (4 percent of total transportation fuel) and industry (100 percent replacing natural gas)
20 TERIMA KASIH Direktorat Ketenagalistrikan, Telekomunikasi dan Informatika Deputi Bidang Sarana dan Prasarana Kementerian PPN/Bappenas Jl. Taman Suropati No. 2 - Jakarta Pusat www.bappenas.go.id dit.eti@bappenas.go.id dit.kti direktoratenergidanTIK
22 Visi jangka Panjang 2045 Kementerian PPN/Bappenas 1. Negara Maritim yang Maju dan Berkelanjutan; 2. Negara Maritim yang Berdaulat, Maju, dan Berkelanjutan
23 ENERGI PRIMER TRANSFORMASI KONSUMSI UU 16/2016 PENGESAHAN PARIS AGREEMENT TTG CLIMATE CHANGE PERPRES 22/2017: RENCANA UMUM ENERGI NASIONAL ( SASARAN TAHUN 2025) 29% PENURUNAN EMISI GRK DARI BUSINESS AS USUAL TAHUN 2030 ENERGI 11% PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH INDUSTRI PERTANIAN KEHUTANAN 0,4% 0,3% 0,1% 17,2% KEBUTUHAN LISTRIK 712 TWH1) 2.500 KWH/KAPITA KEBUTUHAN NON LISTRIK (BIOFUEL, BIOMASSA, BIOGAS, dll) NON-PEMBANGKIT EBT ~ 23 MTOE (KILANG, DEPO, PIPA, DLL) PEMBANGKIT EBT ~ 69,2 MTOE PEMBANGKIT FOSIL NON-PEMBANGKIT FOSIL KAPASITAS PEMBANGKIT KONSUMSI RPJMN 2020 - 2024 KEBUTUHAN LISTRIK 400 TWH4) 1.400 KWH/KAPITA 23% 77% FOSIL ~ 307,7 MTOE 10 GW (ANTARA LAIN MELALUI PENINGKATAN PORSI EBT, SHIFTING, EFISIENSI ENERGI) 20% 59 GW 18 GW SHARE EBT: FOSIL (EKSISTING) SASARAN PEMBANGUNAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI 5,7-6,0% PENURUNAN EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA MENUJU TARGET 29% DI 2030 (PARIS AGREEMENT) 27,3% KEMISKINAN PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA FOSIL (BARU) EBT (BARU) EBT (EKSISTING) TERMASUK TRANSMISI, DISTRIBUSI DAN EKOSISTEM YANG MENDUKUNG 4)MEMPERTIMBANGKAN SASARAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI 2020 - 2024: 6,0% 45,2 GW 90,3 GW EBT ~ 92,3 MTOE 2)PORSI EBT MENINGKAT >5% DARI KONDISI 2019 (14%) DAN AKAN TERUS DITINGKATKAN TARGET PORSI BAURAN PEMBANGKIT EBT RUEN 2025 RPJMN 2024 45,2 GW DARI 135,5 GW 19 GW2) DARI 96 GW ~ 33% ~ 20% TARGET PENURUNAN EMISI GRK SEKTOR ENERGI TAHUN 2030 NON-PEMBANGKIT (TRANSPORTASI, MANUFAKTUR, DLL) ~5,7% PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK ~5,3%5) TOTAL 11% 5)KONTRIBUSI PEMBANGKIT ~ 48% TARGET PENURUNAN EMISI GRK SEKTOR ENERGI 1)MEMPERTIMBANGKAN SASARAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI 2020 & 2025 : 8,0% RASIO ELEKTRIFIKASI ~100% DITERJEMAHKAN MELALUI MAJOR PROJECT PENYEDIAAN TENAGA LISTRIK 1 2 3 RASIO GINI IPM KERANGKA PEMBANGUNAN RENDAH KARBON 2020-2024: KETENAGALISTRIKAN Kementerian PPN/Bappenas
Skenario Net-Zero Emission: Asumsi Sektor Energi No. Kebijakan Skenario BAU Skenario 2060 NZE 1 Pembangkit Listrik Energi Terbarukan Proporsi energi terbarukan relatif tetap hingga 2060 Terdapat peningkatan signifikan untuk proporsi energi terbarukan pada pembangkit listrik hingga mendekati 100 persen pada 2060, dengan sisanya dipenuhi oleh tenaga nuklir 2 Efisiensi Energi Tingkat efisiensi energi final konstan di angka 1 persen per tahun Tingkat efisiensi energi naik secara progresif dari 1 persen saat ini hingga 6 persen pada tahun 2030 dst 3 Kendaraan Listrik Tidak ada penambahan kendaraan listrik untuk transportasi umum dan pribadi Peningkatan jumlah kendaraan listrik untuk transportasi umum dan pribadi hingga 95 persen di 2055 4 Subsidi energi Tidak ada penghapusan subsidi energi Penghapusan subsidi energi, baik BBM, Gas, maupun listrik hingga sepenuhnya di tahun 2030 5 Penghentian penggunaan batubara Tidak ada penghentian penggunaan batubara Penurunan penggunaan batubara hingga akhirnya nol pada tahun 2060 di semua sektor 6 Bahan bakar hidrogen Tidak ada pemanfaatan bahan bakar hidrogen Pemanfaatan hidrogen untuk bahan bakar di sektor transportasi (4 persen dari total bahan bakar transportasi) dan industri (100 persen menggantikan gas alam) 24
25 Langkah Kebijakan Transformasi Subsektor Ketenagalistrikan No. Kebijakan Trasfromasi Sasaran 1 Peningkatan pembangkit listrik EBT Hidro, solar, panas bumi, angin, anginn/bayu, arus laut, biomasa , nuklir?? 2 Konversi Pembangkit Listrik Fosil Konversi PLTD, PLTU, PLTG/U 3 Penggunaan teknologi energi bersih untuk ketenagalistrikan CCS/CCSU, Baterei, hidrogen 4 Perluasan jaringan interkoneksi/transmisi, smart grid Interkoneksi antar pulau (menghubungkan potensi EBT- demand) dan pulau kecil/terluar, smart 5 Konversi Ekosistem Pengunaan/pemanfaaatn Transportasi, industri dan bisnis dan rumah tangga 6 Efisiensi pemanfaatan Bangunan/Gedung, industri, peralatan rumah tangga, alat transportasi. Availability, Accessibility,Affordability, Sustainability & Competitiveness Energi Rendah Carbon Ketahanan Iklim & Pengembangan Berkelanjutan Ketahanan Kemandirian Energi • TKDN • Penyaluran bantuan internasional dan Karbon trading • Fasilitas bantuan pendanaan • Fasilitasi(penyiapan, kompensasi) pengembangan proyek • Subsidi/bansos • Insentif pajak • Tarif (jual beli listrik, TDL) • Kemudahan investasi/Debottlenecking Kebijakan Pendukung Pengembangan ekonomi super produktif Konektivitas SDM dan Teknologi berdaya saing
26 Peningkatan tata kelola energi dan ketenagalistrikan Peningkatan efisiensi pemanfaatan energi dan tenaga listrik ARAH KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN BERDASARKAN RPJMN 2020-2024 Diversifikasi energi dan ketenagalistrikan Penguatan dan perluasan pelayanan pasokan Pengembangan kebijakan pendanaan dan pembiayaan 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Pemanfaatan EBT untuk listrik; pengembangan microgrid off-grid; energi storage system (termasuk baterai); solar rooftop; industri sel surya; serta pelaksanaan konservasi dan efisiensi energi Perbaikan sistem transmisi dan distribusi; sistem informasi dan kontrol data; jaringan cerdas; teknologi yang lebih efisien dan rendah emisi. Kawasan prioritas; bantuan pasang baru; penyediaan energi primer; kemampuan enjinering nasional; pendukung kendaraan listrik; clean cooking. kelembagaan (perkuatan pengaturan dan operator sistem transmisi); mendorong kebijakan harga/tarif energi. Subsidi tepat sasaran; penyesuaian tarif listrik; pembiayaan murah, alternatif instrumen dan leverage asset; pengembangan skema pendanaan yang cocok dan berkesinambungan. Kementerian PPN/Bappenas
27 Peran Penting Transisi Energi dalam pencapaian Net Zero Emissions (NZE) merupakan strategi jangka panjang dalam sistem energi pembangunan rendah karbon yang berbasis pada energi terbarukan dan energi baru hanya dapat dijalankan melalui kebijakan terintegrasi yang mendorong seluruh sektor dalam suatu perekonomian berakar pada gerakan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan dukungan publik untuk tindakan mitigasi perubahan iklim
28 Proses transisi • Sebagai clearing house dan system integrator, Bappenas akan memastikan berbagai kebijakan Pembangunan Rendah Karbon dan Ketahanan Iklim dalam mencapai Net Zero Emissions dan proses transisi yang adil (just transition) diintegrasikan ke dalam RPJPN 2025-2045 Proses transisi menuju Upaya mencapai Net Zero Emissions memerlukan proses transisi yang adil (just-transition) dan perlu dilakukan secara hati-hati, terutama berkaitan dengan isu tenaga kerja Bappenas sebagai clearing house dan system integrator

Day 2- Opening Scene-setting by Rachmat Mardiana, Bappenas

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