Networking

1. IP address definition
An IP address is a unique address that identifies a device on the internet or a local
network. IP stands for "Internet Protocol," which is the set of rules governing the format
of data sent via the internet or local network.
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A static IP address is simply an address that doesn't change. Once your device is
assigned a static IP address, that number typically stays the same until the device is
decommissioned or your network architecture changes.
What Does Dynamic Internet Protocol Address (Dynamic IP Address) Mean?
A dynamic Internet Protocol address (dynamic IP address) is a temporary IP address that
is assigned to a computing device or node when it’s connected to a network. A dynamic
IP address is an automatically configured IP address assigned by a DHCP server to every
new network node.
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the hierarchical and decentralized naming system
used to identify computers reachable through the Internet or other Internet Protocol (IP)
networks.
A gateway is a routing device that passes traffic between different subnets and networks.
A computer will know some routes (i.e., the address of each node a packet must go
through to reach a specific destination), but not the routes to every address on the
Internet. A gateway will likewise not have this information, but will at least know the
addresses of other gateways to which it can hand the traffic.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client/server protocol that
automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and other related
configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gateway
Internet service provider (ISP), company that provides Internet connections and
services to individuals and organizations.

2. Bandwidth is measured as the amount of data that can be transferred from one point to
another within a network in a specific amount of time. Typically, bandwidth is expressed
as a bitrate and measured in bits per second (bps).
TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol a communications standard that
enables application programs and computing devices to exchange messages over a
network. It is designed to send packets across the internet and ensure the successful
delivery of data and messages over networks.