Summarize from Kind of Messages

1. Pesan
INFORMASI TERTULIS YANG DIKIRIM/ DITINGGALKAN SESEORANG SAAT
TIDAK BISA BERTEMU LANGSUNG DENGAN ORANG YANG DIMAKSUT
DALAM PESAN.
[MESSAGE: A WRITTEN COMMUNICATION WITHOUT A FORMAL ADDRESS
BLOCKS AT THE BEGINNING, E SPECIALLY ONE THAT IS CIRCULATED TO
PEOPLE WITHIN AN OFFICE].
CARDS: KARTU/ SEPUCUK KERTAS YANG DIGUNAKAN UNTUK MEMBERI
UCAPAN SELAMAT, MENDOAKAN ORANG LAIN. BIASANYA DIBERI HIASAN.
LETTTERS: PESAN TERTULIS DENGAN BERBAGAI ISI DAN MAKSUD YANG
DIKIRIM KE SESEORANG. DI DALAM AMPLOP BIASANYA DIBUBUHI
PERANGKO.

2. Short Functional Text
 Brochures: To advertise or to promote
something.
 Advertisement (Ad): To persuade/ stimulate/
motivate the readers to buy the products/ goods.
 Announcement: to give information to the public,
to announce something to the public.
 Notices: to give information, instruction, or to
warn the public.

3. Contain dissatisfaction of something in an institution/ public facility/
even somebody‘s opinion.
Consist: introductory paragraphs, explanation problems, suggestion,
and closing.
It is a kind of functional text..
The other kind of a complaint letter:
application letter, personal letter, and private letter.
A Complaint Letter,
Also:advertisementand memo

4. advertisement
Public promotion/ announcement of some products/ services.
Some commercial advertising media, include: billboards, radio, TV, magazines,
newspaper, printed flyers, etc.
How to make Ad:
 Use short sentences.
 Use font types and sizes are easily read.
 Persuade readers to buy the product.
 Tell the good side of product.
 Give contact address/ person clearly.

5. Diagram, tabel, grafik
Diagram: gambaran yang digunakan untuk menerangkan
sesuatu, biasanya berisi dua/ beberapa garis/ kotak yang
menunjukkan perbedaan.
Tabel: menyajikan informasi dalam bentuk tabel/ kolom.
Grafik: disajikan dalam bentuk garis naik turun.

6. Procedure Text
PURPOSE: TO HELP US DO A TASK/ MAKE SOMETHING. THEY CAN BE A SET OF
INSTRUCTION/ DIRECTION.
TEXT ORGANIZATION:
GOAL [THE FINAL PURPOSES OF DOING THE INSTRUCTIONS]
MATERIALS [INGREDIENTS, UTENTILS, EQUIPMENT, TO DO THE INSTRUCTION]
STEPS [A SET OF INSTRUCTION TO ACHEIVE/ FINAL PURPOSE]
LANGUAGE FEATRURES:
IMPERATIVES (CUT, DON’T MIX, STIR) CONNECTER (FIRST, NEXT, FINALLY)
ACTION VERBS (TURN, PUT) ADVERBIAL PHRASE (FOR A MINUTE)

7. Narrative Text
the text which tells story about its characters which faced obstacles in reaching his/
her goals.
 The examples: fairy tales, fable, legend, myths, etc.
 The purpose: to amuse/ to entertain the readers by telling stories.
 Sometime contain moral value, which teaches for the readers.
 The structure:
1. Orientation, introduce the characters involved in the story, where and when the
story happened.
2. Complication, tells the crisis/ problem that should be faced by the characters.
3. Resolution, how the problems solved.
Language Features:
Material process, behavioral process, noun and pronoun, and simple past tense.

8. 1. Fairy tales, a fictional story which
tells about princess, fairy/ other
characters from magical words.
2. Fable, fictional story of which
characters are animals.
3. Folktale, traditional story which is
passed down through generation
and feature morals/ lessons.
4. Legend, a very old story wit h
little/ even no more evidence to
prove its truth.
TYPES OF NARRATIVE TEXT

9. Explanation Text
The goal/ aim ofthis text is to explain the processes involved in the
information/ working of natural and sociocultural phenomena.
 Schematic structure:
 1. general statement to position the readers.
 2. a sequenced explanation of why/ how something occurs.
 3. closing/ conclusion is optional.
 Language Feature: Focus on generic, non human/ participants, use
action verb, simple present tense, passive voice, conjunction of time and
place, noun phrase, and complex sentences.

10. “
”
Kind of text which present a problematic course.
Usually present both sides of an issue and a recommendation is a logical
conclusion based data given.
Will see and elaborate problem with different view.
Present pro & contra, pro means agree and contra means disagree.
General Structure:
1. Issue as opening statement, drive a problematic discussion.
2. Argument pro, support with covidence.
3. argument contra, disagree with example.
4. conclusion and recommendation.
DISCUSSION TEXT
Purpose: Present argument and information from different points of view.
Present at least two points of view about an issue in controversional topic.

11. analytical explosition
Purpose:
To persuade the reader/ that something is an important matters.
Generic structure:
1. Thesis, point: introduces topic and indicates the writer’s opinion.
Preview: outlines the main arguments to be presented.
2. Arguments, point: restates the main arguments outlined in preview.
Elaboration: develop and support each point/ argument.
3. Reiteration, restates the writer‘s opinion.

12. SPOOF
 a text which has an unexpected and funny ending.
 The purpose: to tell an amusing story about someone/ something.
 General Structure:
1. orientation, provides the setting and introduces the characters.
2. events, tell the happenings in chronological order.
3. twist, closes the events with unexpected and funny ending.
Language Features:
Focus on individual participants and use of material process.
Circumstances of time and place also use past tense.
[Material processes are verbs that show activities which can be seen: write, walk]

13. Hortatory Exposition
Text which proposes an issue/ case so that the readers may consider the issue should be case/ not.
Purpose: persuade the reader that an issue should be the case/ not.
Structure:
Thesis, general statement of the issue/ topic proposed in the text.
Arguments, support the issue. Usually written based on the criteria of weak and strong arguments.
Recommendation, statement of suggestion about what ougth not to do/ happen.
Language Features:
Emotive words (clarmed, worried) Words that qualify statement (usual, probably)
Connectve words (however, therefore) Subjective opinion using pronouns: I and We
Example:
Opinion Articles, Editorials, Reader’s Letter,to propose an issue.

14. Review Text
 Purpose: to summarize, analyze, and respond art work
 Purpose: to critique an art work/ even for a public audience.
 Text organisation:
1. orientation, background information on the text.
2. Interactive/ interpret recount, summary of art work/ sequences information in brief
(characters, plot).
3. Evaluation, concluding statement: judgement, opinion, and recommendation.
4. Evaluation summation, the last opinion consisting ofthe appraisal/ punchline of art work
being reviewed.
Use compound and complex sentences, adjectives and phrase of appraisal, metaphorical
expreesions, and noun phrase.
*cemoohan.

15. Recount text,
to tell the readers whathappened in
the past through a sequenceof events.
Divide in personal and factual recount.
Language Feature:
noun and pronouns, action verbs, time
conjunction, adverb of phrases,
adjectives.
PERSONAL RECOUNT:
ORIENTATION {WHERE, WHEN,
WHO}
EVENTS {WHAT
HAPPENED}EVOLUTION
{COMMENT ABOUT
EXPERIENCE}
RE_ORIENTATION
{CONCLUSION}
FACTUAL RECOUNT:
ORIENTATION-EVENTS