In natural systems plants & animals form a single system, where all organisms are closely inter-connected, & give each other mutual support. But normally in systems that we humans have designed, animals are excluded or separated from their vital environment, so creating not only waste & pollution but also terrible conditions for animals & their exploitation. In this class we explore how to learn from nature & design systems that re-weave the whole web of Life, so creating environments which are ideal for plants, animals & humans, as well as giving much greater abundance of well-being, richness & also production.

2. Wangari Maathai "Until you dig a hole, you plant a tree, you water it and make it survive, you haven't done a thing. You are just talking." ... and a tree needs many cubic meters of soil rich in organic matter and millions of bugs ... Kenia , April 1th 1940 - September 25 th 2011

5. Leirre Keith Writer, activist Radical Feminist One of the founders of Green Deep Resistance She made a deep study about the assumptions around agriculture, vegetarianism & saving the planet

6. In its 2006 report, the United Nations said raising animals for food generates more greenhouse gases than all the cars and trucks in the world combined. According to the UN Report, when emissions from land use and land use change are included, the livestock sector accounts for 9 per cent of CO2 deriving from human-related activities. It can take up to 16 pounds of grain to obtain 1 pound of meat .... All of this is true if we talk about FACTORY FARMING See www.TheMeatrix.com

7. But is adopting a vegetarian diet really a useful way to achieve sustainability? So if we want to keep the balance of the vital cycles, the comples web of life (and death) There is not such a thing as a “vegan” ecosystem We have to understand our patterns and belief systems As well as be quite thorough in not ignoring evidence that clashes with our beliefs & emotions.

8. Leavers Takers CREATE & ACCEPT give thanks CONSUME & FORCE complain Entitlement Pattern Responsability Pattern there is a GREAT EMOTIONAL conflict here <<< >>> eat directly from the perennial polycultures of their region (they adapt to 'what there is' ) destroy perennial polycultures & replace them by agriculture based in annuals (they eat what 'they like' )

9. The regeneration of PERENNIAL POLYCULTURES is vital to stop the destruction: Loss of soils, Climate change, ... Jose will give a class on &quot; Health Sovereignty &quot; after class 3.7

12. 'normal' gardening chickens pollute here imported 'guano' here

13. Chicken Tractors come in all shapes & sizes ... ... adapt to your system

14. Fixed Structure Tractor Fixed compartments The chickens move around staying some time in each one There is a fixed compartment with place to sleep, lay eggs, water, etc. The rotation time depends on the number & size of the compartments & number of chickens

15. parallel gardens tractor system in Tagari Farm 1999

16. one year later

17. The Igloo Gardens Tractor of a dome or igloo shape that is moved from one place to another A garden system of circular beds of mandalas Rotation in infinity shape, moves every two weeks 12 beds, 24 weeks (6 months) rotates around all of mandala

18. mandala gardens tractor system in Tagari Farm, 1999

19. one year later

20. Use of Biological Resources We use chickens as a tractor, instead of machines - best if tractor also made of recycled materials Each Element performs many Functions The chickens are performing all of these functions: harvesting garden left-overs, fertilizing, pest & weed control, moving the earth, making compost and also give eggs, meat, feathers Relative Location Chickens put in useful relation with the garden, they support each other's functions and needs Zones & Sectors Planning Tractor & gardens are placed usually in Zone1, nearest the house or most frequented area Cicling Energy Kitchen scraps go to the chickens who then produce shit & feathers which feeds the plants which grow in the garden, that we then eat, leaving scraps for the chickens... Natural Patterns Circular gardens provide minimum paths for maximum growing area, we can maximize edge with 'keyhole' paths & mandala shapes, domes are naturally strong (egg-shape!) structures, use year / season pattern to design rotation Permaculture Design Principles that are taken into account

21. Building an Igloo Very good use of old irrigation pipes, netting, recycled materials in general chickens like to sleep HIGH & dry they need a DARK place to lay eggs they love to scratch soil & need to eat small stones for digestion, dust baths & plentiful veggies, insects, other chickens ...

22. Another type of Igloo

23. many shapes will do ...

24. give LOTS of high-carbon biomass to chickens to avoid nitrogen poisoning, over-acidic soil, foot or other diseases in chickens, ... and to provide lots of mulch for your future garden

25. Javier Reyes Barroso, Tenerife has a chicken-coffee-worm 'tractor'

27. “ Our mission is to create economically, ecologically and emocionally enhaced agricultural prototypes and facilitate their duplication troughout the world” Joel Salatin

28. The Chicken house during Spring: summer and autum, it's moved every 3 days so the chickens have fresh “pasture” to graze in The Chicken house during Winter: at the end of the Winter the greenhouse is ready to grow sweetcorn and tomato!

29. There are multiple ponds around the Farm The Pigs spend a month a year in the forest Creating “temporary disturbances in the forest” that cause: + decomposition + carbon sequestration + soil creation

30. In the same Patch of Land The Chickens And Turkeys clear and Fertilize the land Then pasture left to grow for hay When the hay is harvested the broiler chickens come in And then the cattle can graze The Chickens Live in the greenhouse During Winter The Greenhouse is Planted with sweetcorn And tomatoes the Rest of the time The Cattle Graze in the forest The pigs Live in the forest 1 month a year

31. There vision is to regenerate the Rich ecosystem of graze-land and forest created by the Native-americans centuries ago

33. Transhumance the seasonal movement of people with their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures

34. Summers in the High Pastures

35. in autumn they descend again to the valleys

36. Winter in the Valleys hay, make compost for fields in spring, meat (animals as 'banks')

39. The rice is transplanted To the paddys When the ducks are 8 weeks old and the rice Begin to flower the Ducks are totally released On the paddy When they have Seven days the ducks Are moved to A shelter in the paddy The ducks eggs And the rice seeds Are “set” at the same time

41. Today's Foie Gras (&quot;fat liver&quot;) is produced by force-feeding ducks, geese (&quot;gavage&quot;) takes a few seconds (crop of geese can store a lot of food) but basically cruel the fatty livers are a great delicacy appreciated from way bak in Ancient Egypt times banned in some cities, chefs attacked

42. Eduardo Souza grass olives acorn figs herbs seeds &quot;the goose whisperer&quot; 1812 4 generations Dan Barber chef Ethical FoieGras

43. Raises 1,000 geese each year they roam freely eat their fill of acorns and olives, figs, herbs, seeds, grass ... the farm that replicates the wild as closely as possible &quot;If you convince them that they're not domesticated, their natural instinct takes over,&quot; he explains. &quot;When it turns cold and it's time for them to migrate, they start gorging to prepare for the long flight.&quot; His FoieGras won France's Coup de Coeur award (&quot;the Olympics of food&quot;). &quot;That,&quot; Sousa likes to say, &quot;really pissed the French off.&quot; Fencing &quot;felt manipulated&quot; put current outside - geese ate 20% more &quot;my job is to give the geese what they want&quot; 50% figs & olives

44. found lupin bush planted on his farm seeds turn livers 'radioactive yellow' his answer always &quot;Nature&quot; even salt & pepper are in the herbs Problem: colour

45. a gift from God with God saying: &quot;you've done good work&quot; &quot;Listening to Nature's operating instructions&quot; Janine Benyus (biomimicry)

46. BUT the most ecological choice for food is also the most ethical choice and the most delicious General Motors mentality extraction of resources imposing solutions on Nature