This presentation suggest reverse supply chain of safe disposal of e waste in India.It shows how the traditional disposal system of waste could be used in order to safe disposal of e waste and establish a reverse supply chain for different category of e waste.

1. E-Waste Reverse Supply Chain and Regulatory Control
Ninad Nigam
PGPWE 2014

2. What is E waste
• The term e waste is self
explanatory it is an abbreviation of
electronic waste. Logically implies
that the item has no further use and
rejected as useless. In short it
called WEEE.
• E –waste is term used to cover
items of all type of electrical and
electronic equipment and its parts
that have been discarded by its
owner as waste without the
intention of re use

3. Objective of study
The prime objective of this immersion report is:
To study the regulatory framework governing
disposal of e waste in European Union territories
understands the operational framework of EU
WEEE directives and how it implemented in EU
member states.
What are the best practices implemented by EU in
relation with handling of e waste
Collection
Transportation
Recycling
Funding
Reporting on waste and recycled product
To support Indian e waste management situation
by applying lesson learned from EU directives
What compliance system could be implemented
from EU directives in Indian e waste scenario.

4. E waste Situation in India
• More than 800000 tons of e waste generation
annually
• E waste are expected to grow 12~15 % annually
• The disposal process is highly unorganized
sector, whole recycling system is unregulated
and it does not follows proper norms of
collection, recycling and disposal, of toxic
substances.
• Recycling process is not advanced so there is loss
of precious materials.
• The hazardous waste material rules 2008 applied
primarily on industrial waste, and had some
issues with e waste handling and it seems
inadequate in handling of e waste
• Illegal imports of e waste from developed
countries

5. Traditional Supply Chain of E –Waste in India
Waste flow
Financial flow
E waste import from developed country

6. Key challenges in India for policy
framework and enforcement
• Short of of competence for policy
enforcement
• Business interest and lobbies
• Issues of loss of employment
• Measurement of flows and
information management
• Extended producers responsibilities
in India
• Lack of law enforcement on primary
stakeholders of e waste management

7. Implementation of WEEE directives in EU zone
• Compliance systems : Five primary task of
compliance system.
• Collection of financial payment as per e
waste production
• Contracting third party for operations.
• Recruiting other participants
• Creating awareness
• Results

9. Funding
Two sources of funding is exist
 An advance Charge (visible or non visible) is incorporated in
product price on purchasing of product by consumer; collected by
retailer and later the amount is transferred to manufacture.
The concept of visible fee was ended on 2013
 Periodic charge imposed on producers against actual cost of
waste recycling and treatment
Collection : Collection of EEE waste has following
aspects
Outsource EEE waste management operations
 Managing the infrastructure for product take back system.
Two points of Collections:
1. Municipalities
2. Retailers
from where producer can collect and transport WEEE waste.
As per WEEE directive municipalities are responsible for
separate collection of used WEEE products. According to
WEEE directive producers are responsible for further
collection &transportation of waste from collection point to
treatment center.

10. Sorting :
waste products should sorted as per their waste flow and transport to different recyclers.
Sorting is done in different steps in the chain. Sorting needs huge empty space so that it can be
done in material wise and transportation of the same to the recyclers is very important so that
at recyclers point it should not mixed up again. Sorting of EEE waste is depend upon available
empty space of location
1.sorting done by consumer and separated collection
2. sorting done at municipality center.
3. sorting done at distribution center.
4. A mixed strategy of above.
Recycling techniques:
1.Pretreatment
2.Manual dismantling
3.Disassemble through machines
4.Shredding
5.segregations
Involving primary stakeholders
Result and reporting
Creating awareness programs

11. Comparison between India &EU
INDIA EUROPEAN UNION
System Operation of Informal sector is very strong
Funding mechanism is not cleared in policy ,financing needs fulfill
by its recovered material
EPR is implemented strictly ,
funding is done by producers through visible or non
visible fee from consumers
system has transparent funding system and primary
aim protection of environmental and human health
Collection of e
waste
For collection informal sectors highly active,
formal sectors is very less contribution
Return back system is limited to mainly handheld communication
gazettes and computers and its accessories
Very few producers are actively contribute in collection of e waste
Collection points is being identified by
municipalities and distributers
Consumer has some incentives on returning of some
of e waste by vending machine
illegally export of e waste in to developing countries
Recycling of e
waste
Mostly Operated by informal sectors ,
No safety & environmental regulation follows
Authorized recyclers follows SPCB norms
Prime objective is adopting eco friendly recycling
techniques ,
More focus on re use of recovered materials,
reducing pressure of excessive dumping on landfills
Funding Implemented EPR concept but not regulated properly no strict
adherence
Informal sector is self funded by generating profits from recycled
material or refurbishing of waste
Some bulk consumer paid for recycling in some cases.
Strict adherence of EPR concept producers are
responsible for all activities through charging
visible/non visible fee from consumers
Reporting According to latest MOEF notification of e waste policy 2011 and
amendment of 2015
Recyclers has to maintain and submit the record of e waste
purchased and processed in form 3 to SPCB before 30th June of
every year ,further SPCB send report to CPCB before 30th September
Of every year and CPCB produce final report to GOI before 30thy
December of every year.
Unfortunately informal sectors have no reporting and monitoring
system at all.
Manufactures has to report number of products
floated in to market
Number of used products collected and recycled
A reporting register is maintained by CCS or by Govt.

12. Disposal of E waste -- Proposed Reverse Supply Chain

13. Suggestion to make conditions suitable for various stakeholders in e waste
management in india
1.Extended producer responsibilities:
• Producers should self encouraged to accept responsibility of EPR
• Producer too maintains and submits record of e waste and number of products
floated in to market.
• Collection and recycling targets should be products specifics.
• Cost should be affordable for all players in reverse chain.
2. Strong collective or individual compliance system:
• Individual or collective compliances system should be encouraged by Govt in
order to make more involvement of producers.
• Monopolies in CCS should be discouraged; collection and recycling competence
should be increased
• Legislation and enforcement have to encourage producers to accept
responsibilities and help producers to achieve targets
• Collection and recycling targets have be stated SMART (specific,
measurable,appropriate, realistic, time-bound)
• Compliance systems should operate independent of the interests of producers
• The burden on governmental capacity should be minimized.
• Compliance systems should aim to collect as many appliances as possible
• and achieve the highest recycling efficiencies as possible

14. Collections:
• Regulated collection should efficiently utilize the existing municipality
collection system.
• Cost of collection system should be affordable
• Regulated collection system should proper utilize the collection network of
informal sectors so that employment of informal sectors could be saved.
• Collection of e waste should monitored by each level of collection point .
Recycling:
• Environment friendly recycling techniques should be adopted
• Informal recycler’s setup should be properly utilized by regulated sectors.
• Govt more encourage R&D in the field of recycling.
• Option of re use should be encouraged by refurbishing.
• Data collection and reporting should be original and monitored properly
Funding:
• Mechanism of funding should be transparent and clear to each stakeholder of e
waste management
• Use of funds should be monitor by Govt. direct access of fund must prohibited to
producer
• Funding must be enough to mange e waste management activities.

15. Reporting system:
• Present reporting system is very weak in order to make it strong regular e waste
audit should be done.
• A reporting register should be maintained at collection, dismantling and recycling
point
• Effort should make in order to make a reporting system for informal system.
• Product wise specific measures should be define to assess e waste quantity
Awareness program:
• It is most important part of e waste management; illiterate people must
understands the importance of e waste and its consequences
• Every stakeholder has to take initiative to spread awareness about e waste
• Corporate houses, small business house, traders all have to actively participate with
govt in order to create awareness of e waste among people
• Different types of media should involve in awareness program.
Informal sectors should be utilize efficiently since informal sectors have deep
penetration in terms of collection of e waste, also they have good skills in
dismantling and recycling of e waste.

16. A good incentive and reward scheme should incorporate at each point of e waste
management to increase the efficiency of system
1. E waste re-vending machines
2. Implementation of ECO ATM’S
3. E waste Kiosks

17. Conclusion
The EU WEEE policy framework has very few features for contemplation
in India
• The policy framework constitutes number of excellent principles, most
essential EPR policy.
• Policy has straight and well defined objectives all objectives should be
measured at each steps of e waste management.
• Major rules are flexible in terms of implementation that is quite relevant with
Indian states conditions.