Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality

1. VIRTUAL REALITY AND
AUGMENTED REALITY

2. What is Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
History of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
Types of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
Pictures of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
How does VR and AR work
Advantages and Disadvantages of AR and VR
Applications of AR and VR
Example of AR and VR
Difference between AR and VR
Content

3. What is Virtual Reality
Virtual Reality(VR)
is the use of computer
technology to create a simulated
environment. Unlike traditional user
interfaces, VR places the user inside an
experience. Instead of viewing a screen in front of
them, users are immersed and able to interact with 3D
worlds. By simulating as many senses as possible,
such as vision, hearing, touch, even smell,
the computer is transformed into a
gatekeeper to this artificial
world.

4. History of Virtual Reality
Morton Heilig was called the “Father of Virtual
Reality” in several books and articles. He was one of
the great visionaries of our time, he was a
Philosopher, Inventor, Filmmaker and in general a
man who looked towards the future and was way
ahead of his time . Many inventors would build upon
his foundational work.
He applied his cinematographer experience and with
the help of his partner developed the Sensorama over
several years from 1957, patenting it in 1962.
It was big, bulky, and shaped like a 1980s era video
arcade game. The Sensorama was quite impressive for
1960s technology. The game gave the player the
experience of riding a motorcycle on the streets of
Brooklyn. The player felt the wind on their face, the
vibration of the motorcycle seat, a 3D view, and even
smells of the city. Morton L. Heilig (1926-1997)

5. 1 2 3
Types of Virtual Reality
Fully-immersive
simulations give users the
most realistic experience
possible, complete with
sight and sound. The VR
headsets provide high-
resolution content with a
wide field of view.
Whether you’re flying or
fighting the bad guys,
you’ll feel like you’re
really there.
Semi-immersive
experiences provide
users with a partially
virtual environment to
interact with. This type
of VR is mainly used for
educational and training
purposes and the
experience is possible
with graphical
computing and large
projector systems.
Non-immersive
simulations are often
forgotten as an actual type
of VR, because it’s very
common in our everyday
lives.
The average video game is
technically considered a
non-immersive virtual
reality experience. It is like
sitting in a physical space
and interacting with a
virtual one.

6. Pictures of--
Fully-immersive Semi-immersive Non-immersive

7. How does Virtual Reality work ?
Each VR headset puts up a screen (or two – one for each eye) in front of eyes
thus, eliminating any interaction with the real world. Two autofocus lenses are
generally placed between the screen and the eyes that adjust based on
individual eye movement and positioning. The visuals on the screen are
rendered either by using a mobile phone or HDMI cable connected to a PC.
To create a truly immersive virtual reality there are certain prerequisites – a
frame rate of minimum 60fps, an equally competent refresh rate and minimum
100-degree field of view (FOV) (though 180 degrees is ideal). The frame rate is
the rate at which the GPU can process the images per second, screen refresh
rate is the pace of the display to render images, and FOV is the extent to which
the display can support eye and head movement.

8. Advantages and Disadvantages of Virtual Reality
Advantages Disadvantages
•Virtual reality creates
a realistic world.
•It enables user to
explore places.
•Through Virtual reality
user can experiment
with an artificial
environment.
•Virtual reality make
the education more
easily hand comfort.
•The equipment used
in virtual reality are
very expensive.
•It consists of complex
technology
•In virtual reality
environment we can't
move by our own like
in the real world.
•VR can hamper visual
memory.

9. Applications of Virtual Reality
Healthcare and
Medical
Digital marketing
Education and
training
Mining Industry
Military
Entertainment

10. Examples of Virtual Reality
Mini planetarium at Delhi
Airport
Facebook Launches New
Oculus Quest 2 VR Headset
Networked battle command
system used by the military

11. What is Augmented Reality
Augmented reality
(AR) is an interactive
experience of a real-world
environment where the objects that
reside in the real world are enhanced by
computer-generated perceptual information,
sometimes across multiple sensory modalities,
including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory
and olfactory.

12. Augmented reality technology was invented in
1968, with Ivan Sutherland’s development of
the first head-mounted display system.
However, the term ‘augmented reality’ wasn’t
coined until 1990 by Boeing researcher Tim
Caudell.
Ivan Sutherland, a Harvard professor and
computer scientist, created the first head-
mounted display called ‘The Sword of
Damocles’. The user experienced computer-
generated graphics that enhanced their sen-
-sory perception of the world.
History of Augmented Reality

13. How does Augmented Reality work
computer vision understands what is in the world around the user
from the content of the camera feed. This allows it to show digital
content relevant to what the user is looking at. This digital content
is then displayed in a realistic way, so that it looks part of the real
world - this is called rendering. Before breaking this down into
more detail, example -- Consider playing an augmented reality
board game using a real cereal box as the physical support ,first
computer vision processes the raw image from the camera, and
recognizes the cereal box. This triggers the game. The rendering
module augments the original frame with the AR game making
sure it precisely overlaps with the cereal box. For this it uses the 3D
position and orientation of the box determined by computer
vision. Since augmented reality is live, all the above has to happen
every time a new frame comes from the camera. Most modern
phones work at 30 frames per second, which gives us only 30
milliseconds to do all this. In many cases the AR feed you see
through the camera is delayed by roughly 50 ms to allow all this to
happen, but our brain does not notice!

14. 1 2
Types of Augmented Reality
Marker-based AR
Marker-based AR uses
markers to trigger an
augmented experience.
The markers, often made
with distinct patterns like
QR codes or other unique
designs, act as anchors for
the technology.
Marker-less AR is more
versatile than marker-
based AR as it allows the
user to decide where to
put the virtual object
Marker-less augmented
reality relies on the
device's hardware,
including the camera,
GPS, digital compass, and
accelerometer, to gather
the information necessary
for the AR software to do
its job.

15. Location-based AR ties digital content and
the experience it creates to a specific
place. The objects are mapped out so that
when a user's location matches the
predetermined spot it is displayed on the
screen.
Advanced projectors can create
immersive light forms or layer new
information onto the flat surfaces
Projection-based AR does not involve
user-operated tech. Instead, it delivers
a truly futuristic feeling experience.
Projection-based AR
Superimposition AR recognizes an object in
the physical world and enhances it in some
way to provide an alternate view. This can
include recreating a portion of the object or
the whole thing in its entirety.
Outlining AR recognizes boundaries and
lines to help in situations when the human
eye can’t. Outlining augmented reality uses
object recognition to understand a user’s
immediate surroundings.
Superimposition AR
Outlining AR
Location-based AR
Types of Marker-less Augmented Reality

16. Location-based AR Superimposition AR
Projection-based AR Outlining AR

17. Applications of Augmented Reality
Medical Training
Business Logistics
E-commerce and
Retail
Design & Modeling
Classroom
Education
Entertainment

18. Examples of Augmented Reality
SnapChat
LensKart
celebr8.world App

19. It provides a much-enhanced sense
of reality than any other technology
in use.
It reduces the difference between
what is digitally generated, and
which is real in physical world.
The instructions provided in the AR
based application makes it easy to
understand the workflow of the
application.
sometimes extreme conditions can be
simulated which might prove to be
dangerous for individuals.
The applications or devices associated
with AR technology suffers from lack of
privacy thus putting user data at risk.
There is a huge list of hardware and
software resources required for the
implementation of AR technology.
Augmented Reality
Advantages Disadvantages

20. It replaces the real world with the
artificial.
The user enters an entirely immersive
world and cut off from real world.
Everything around the user is fabricated
by the system. This may display inside a
blank room , headset , or other device that
allows the user to feel present in the
virtual environment.
VR might work better for video games and
social networking in a virtual environment
, such as a second life , or even PlayStation
Home.
AR enhances real life with artificial images
and adds graphics , sounds and smell to the
natural world , as it exists.
User is not cut off from the real world.
The user can interact with the real world ,
and at the same time can see, both the real
and virtual world.
AR uses devices such as a smart phones or
wearable device which contains software , a
sensors , a compass and small digital
projectors which display images onto real
world objects.
Difference between Virtual and Augmented Reality
Augmented Reality
Virtual Reality VS

21. Examples of Augmented Reality
Teacher teaching with AR
celebr8.world App

22. Virtual reality and Augmented reality are
inverse reflections of one in another,
regarding what each technology wants to
accomplish. Augmented reality overlays
virtual elements in the real world, while
virtual reality digitally recreates a real-life
setting.
Both Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
are going to become mainstream soon.
Things are already changing, and before we
know it, we are going to be living in a world
more virtual, than real.
Conclusion

23. https://www.news18.com/
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/
http://www.uschefnerarchive.com/mortonheilig/
https://www.google.com/
References
https://learn.g2.com/augmented-reality