The presentation gives you the basics of Programmable logic controller(PLC) and its use in industrial Automation along with
Supervisory control and Data Acquisition(SCADA).
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2. “It is an idea of controlling a system or any equipments or a process
with respect to a set of instruction or a condition”
Automation is basically the delegation of human control
function to technical equipment for,
Increasing Productivity
Increasing Quality
Reducing Cost
Increasing Safety in working conditions
Human Aided Automatic
3. Automation is basically a delegation of human control function to control technical
equipment.
Automation is the use of control systems and information technologies reducing the
need for human intervention.
4. Cement & Fertilizer Automobile Food processing
Power Generation
Petrochemical Oil & Gas Water Treatment
6. Inputs Outputs
The Basic Block
A Programmable Logic Controller is a solid state control system that
continuously monitors the status of devices connected as inputs. Based upon a
user written program, stored in memory, it controls the status of devices
connected as outputs.
CPU
7. Digitally operating electronic device.
Uses a programmable memory for the internal storage of instructions
for implementing specific functions such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting
and arithmetic
Can control through digital or analog input or output modules, various types of
machines or processes.
8. •Handles much more complicated
systems.
•Less and simple wiring.
•Easy programming
•Increased Reliability.
•More Flexibility.
•Lower Cost .
•Faster Response.
•Easier to troubleshoot.
•Remote control capability.
•Communication Capability.
9. PROCESSOR
POWER
SUPPLY
I M
N O
P D
U U
T L
E
O M
U O
T D
P U
U L
T E
PROGRAMMING
DEVICE
To
OUTPUT
Solenoids,
contactors,
alarms
etc.
From
SENSORS
Pushbuttons,
contacts,
limit switches,
etc.
14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 C7 1110980 12 13
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Power
Run
Force
Communication
MicroLogix 1200
OUT
IN
Allen Bradley MicroLogix 1200 Fixed PLC
24 Volts
Power
Supply
Motor
Starter
L2
PLC I/O
Section
PLC O/P
Section
Sensor input to PLC
PLC Output to Motor Starter
Sensor
15. SMALL - It covers units with up to128 I/O’s and memories up to2 Kbytes.
These PLC’s are capable of providing simple to advance levels or
machine controls.
MEDIUM- Have up to 2048 I/O’s and memories up to 32 Kbytes.
LARGE - The most sophisticated units of the PLC family. They have up to
8192 I/O’s and memories up to 750 Kbytes.
Can control individual production processes or entire plant.
16. Self test
Input scan
Logic scan
Output
scan
1)Self test: Testing of its own hardware and
software for faults.
2)Input scan: If there are no problems, PLC
will copy all the inputs and copy their values
into memory.
3)Logic solve/scan: Using inputs, the ladder
logic program is solved once and outputs are
updated.
4)Output scan: While solving logic the output
values are updated only in memory , the real
outputs will be updated using temporary values in
memory during o/p scan.
20. SCADASupervisory Control And Data Acquisition
What is SCADA?
SCADA is “Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition”.
Real-time industrial process control systems used to centrally
monitor and control remote or local industrial equipment such as
motors, valves, pumps, relays, sensors, etc.
SCADA is Combination of telemetry and Data Acquisition.
SCADA is not just a hardware, neither a software. It’s a concept,
it’s a system as a combination of special hardware, software and
protocols.
SCADA is used to control chemical plant processes, oil and gas
pipelines, electrical generation and transmission equipment,
manufacturing facilities, water purification and
distribution infrastructure, etc.