This presentations holds details of basic radiation protection done in dental practice for patient, dentist and environment.

1. Headlines
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2. 2

3. RADIATION
PROTECTION
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4. Introduction
Radiation protection the main
principal is to those things
which will minimize exposure
of patient and dental personnel
and still provide benefits for
present use of diagnostic
radiography.
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5. All ionizing radiations are harmful
and produce biological change in
living cells.
It can cause increase risk of
cancers, birth defects ,catracts, etc
CARDINAL PRINCIPAL -
ALARA
AS LOW AS REASONABLE
ACHIEVABLE5

6. The amount of radiation at
any point depends upon the
distance from the point
source of radiation
Intensity ∞ 1/𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆𝟐
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7. Sources
Natural
External
• Cosmic
• Terrestrial
Internal
Artificial
Medical
X-ray diagnosis
Nuclear medicine
Consumer
Occupational
Nuclear fuel cycle
Miscellaneous
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8. Sources in Dental Radiology
–from source
–from irradiated tissues of patients.
– from X-
ray tube head
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9. PROTECTION
PATIENT
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10. Protection for operator
Primary X-ray beam
Scattered radiation from
irradiated tissues of
patient
Leakage radiation
through tube head
housing.
Scattered X-ray from
filters, cones.10

11. 1.Protection from primary
source
 Effort to be made that operator has a suitable room or
take a suitable position behind wall or a barrier.
 Position distance rule - operator should stand at least
6 feet away from source or at the angle of 90 to 135.
 If no barrier operator should use lead apron.
 Film should be holded by film holding devices.
 Avoid holding X-ray tube head of machine. The
suspension arms should be adequately maintained to
prevent housing movement and drift.
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12. 12

13. Protection against leakage
radiation
Neither the tube housing nor
the cone should be hand held
during exposure.
The machine should be
periodically checked for the
leakage.
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14. Protection from secondary
and scattered radiation
Use of high speed films.
Replace short plastic cone with open ended
lead lined cone.
Use of collimator to reduce diameter of beam.
Use of film badge / Pocket dosimeter for
personnel radiation monitoring.
Adequate filtration of primary beam.
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16. Protection for patient
Prior
exposure
During
exposure
After
exposure
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17. Prior exposure
Most important is proper prescription
and details of patients to be taken.
Special care to be taken of women
especially during pregnancy period thus
to avoid complication to fetus.
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18. Equipment
1.Filters
2.Collimation of bean
3.Position indicating devices
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19. During exposure
Thyroid collars
Lead aprons
Fast films
Film holding devices
Selection of proper exposure factor
Emulsifying screens
Timers
Good technique
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20. After exposure
Proper film handling.
Proper processing
Proper interpretation.
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21. Protection of envirnoment
Beam directed to patient
Lead incorporated in furniture
Patients position
Barium to be used as plaster
(barium plaster)
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22. Walls of 3 inch concrete.
Continue education
Radiation room at corner and
caution signs.
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23. Various monitoring devices
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Electrical
Heat
Light
Chemical
Thermoelectric

24. Electrical
Timble chamber
Ionization chamber
Proportional counter
Griget counter
Heat
Calorimeter
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25. Film badge
Mercury and copper
filters in rectangle shape
Blackness is to be noted.
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26. Thermoelectric
Trans illuminator closimeter
Aluminum, lead, empty above nickel
titanium plates with plastic cover.
Thermoflourosence is emission of light
from the stored heat which is developed
during absorption of radiation.
Fluorescence graph is noted after 3
months.
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27. Every thing comes with a
boon and a curse.
Its just on us how we use it.
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28. Conclusion
Radiograph is the most
important diagnostic tool in
dentistry.
Thus proper protection
should be taken while
exposing the patient.
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29. THANK YOU