The document provides definitions and examples for various participant roles in sentences: 1) Agent - The person or thing that deliberately carries out the action. 2) Affected - The thing that the action is carried out upon, often changing as a result of the action. 3) Instrument - The thing used to carry out the action. 4) Location - The place where the action occurs. 5) Beneficiary - The person who benefits or is detrimented from the action. Examples are given for each role to illustrate how they relate to the subject, object, and verb in sentences.

1. THANH DAO
MINH LOC
BICH NGOC
HANG NHI
THUY

2. PARTICIPANT ROLES

3. AGENT
DEFINITION
THE PERSON DELIBERATELY CARRYING OUT
THE ACTION DESCRIBED
e.g. John opened the door
The agent

4. AFFECTED
Definition: the thing upon which the action
is carried out, in many cases the thing
changed by the action in the most obvious
way
e.g. Mary opened the gift
The affected

5. INSTRUMENT
Definition: the thing by means of
which the action is carried out
e.g. john opened the door with the key
The instrument

6. 1.Peter smashed the glass with the hammer
AG AF IN
2.The
2. The hammer smashed the glass
IN AF
3. The glass smashed
AF
4. Simon sliced the carrot with a knife
AG AF IN

7. The grammatical positions
Subject Complement
The systematic
The diamond ring was stolen by burglars relationship
Affected Agent
The semantics roles

8. LOCATION

9. Location
Is the place where the action
described in the sentence
takes place

10. Example:
I was born in Binh Dinh Province.
Location
We have studied English
at Danang College of Foreign Languages.
Location

11. BENEFICIARY

12. Beneficiary
Is the person who gets benefit
or detriment from the action
described in the sentence

13. Example:
He gave her a sweet kiss before leaving.
beneficiary
Would you mind passing me the bottle of
water?
beneficiary

14. Practice
LOCATION

15. 1. It is sunny in Saigon.
In Saigon
2. I am meeting my boy friend at the cinema.
At the cinema
3. Missouri is extremely cold in January.
Missouri
4. Missouri is very beautiful.
No Location role

16. Practice
BENEFICIARY

17. 1. He gave the children a lot of
interesting presents.
The children
2. Susan is informed about the result of
the entrance examination.
Susan
3. She made a new dress for her daughter.
Her daughter

18. PRACTICE
ALL 5 ROLES

19. - An gets a bunch of roses form Hai.
- Hai gives a bunch of roses to An.
Do they describe the same event?
Which one is the Agent among the
3 participants?
Either Hai or An

20. How many roles
mentioned in the sentences?
(1)
Phuong is preparing the meal in the kitchen.
(2)
A new school has been building.
(3)
They use machines to cut metals.

21. Phuong is preparing the meal in the kitchen.
3 roles:
Phuong: Agent
The meal: Affected
In the kitchen: Location

22. A new school has been building.
Only 1 role
A new school: Affected

23. They use machines to cut metals.
3 roles
They: Agent
Machines: Instrument
Metals: Affected

24. - That animal is a cow.
That animal: ref. exp Cow: pre
- The sky is blue and cloudless.
The sky: ref. exp Blue and cloudless: pre
Identify the predicator and the referring
expression in the sentences.
Are there any role relationships between
them?

25. No role relationship between:
That animal - cow
The sky – blue and cloudless
Cow: noun
Blue and cloudless: adjective

26. None of the 5 roles
(Agent, Instrument, Beneficiary,
Location, Affected) fit the
relation born by grammatical
Subject to a Noun, Adjective, or
Preposition predicate.

27. Thank you
for
attention!!!