Pyschoanalytic Theory 5 stages of pyschoanalysis tophographical Model

1. - Maria Rita D. Lucas, Ph.D
Unit II
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2.  Freud’s views about human development are
more than a century old. He can be
considered the most well known pyschologist
because of his very interesting theory about
the unconcious and also about sexual
development. Freud’s theory remains to be
one of the most influential in pyschology. His
theory sparked the ideas in the brilliant
minds of other theorist and thus became the
starting point of many other theories,
notable of which is Erikson’s Pyschosocial
theory in Module 7.

3.  Picture ni freud
Sigmund Freud (May 6, 1856 to Sept. 23, 1939) founded
psychoanalysis.

4.  Freud is the most popular pyschologist that
studied the development of personality.
 Founder of Pyschosexual development
theory.
 Develops 5 distinct stages of Pyschosexual
Development.

5.  According to Freud, a person goes through the
sequence of these five stages and along the way
there are needs to be met. Wether these needs
are met or not, determines whether the person
will develop a healthy personality or not.
 Freud identified specific erogenous zones for
each stage of development.
 Erogenous zone or “pleasure area” become a
focal points for the particular stage.
 Fixation occurs when needs are not met along
the area.
 As an adult, the person will now manifest
behaviors related to this erogenous zone.
Introduction

6. Erogenous zone –
 especially sensitive to sexual stimulation, as
certain areas of the body:erogenous zones.
 arousing or tending to arouse sexual desire;
sexually stimulating.
 Pleasure Area
Fixation –
 is a concept in human psychology that was
originated by Sigmund Freud (1905) to denote
the persistence of anachronistic sexual
traits. The term subsequently came to
denote object relationships with and
attachments to people or things in general
persisting from childhood into adult life
Introduction

7.  Oral Stage (birth to 18 months) The erogenous
zone is the mouth. During this stage the child
is fucosed on oral pleasures (sucking) (such as
thumb sucking, Breastfeeding, etc.). Too much
or too little satisfaction can lead to an Oral
Receptive that is have a stronger tendency to
smoke, drink alchohol, overeat or Oral
Aggressive, strong tendency to bite his/her
nails, or use curse words or even gossip. As a
result, these persons may became too
dependent on others, easily fooled and lack
leadership traits. On the other hand, they may
also fight these tendencies and become
pessimistic and aggressive in relating with
people.

8.  Anal Stage (18 months to 3 years). The
child’s focus of pleasure is the anus. The
child finds satisfaction in eliminating and
retaining feces. Through society’s
expectations, particularly the parents,
the child needs to work on toilet training.
1 year and half of three years child’s
favorite word might be “NO”. Therefore a
struggle might exist in the toilet training
process when the child retains feces when
asked to eliminate or may choose to
defecate when asked to hold feces for
some reason. In terms of personality
fixation during this stage in being Anal
Retentive an obsession with cleanliness ,
perfection, and control or Anal Expulsive
where the person may become messy and
disorganized.
Freud’s stages of pyschosexual Development

9.  Phallic Stage (ages 3-6) The pleasure or erogenous
zone is genitals. During the preschoolers will
sometimes become interested in what makes boys
and girls different. Preschoolers will sometimes be
seen fondling their genitals. Freud’s studies led him
to believes that this stage, boys develops unconscious
sexual desire for their mother. And see their father as
a rival for her mother’s affection.
 Castration Anxiety – Fear of punishment for
affectionate unconscious sexual feelings for parent
with opposite sex.
 Oedipus Complex
 Electra Complex
Freud’s stages of pyschosexual Development

10. Oedipus Complex - According to
Freud, in the phallic stage the
desire or libido of children is
centered upon the genitalia.
While in this stage, children
become aware of their genitals
and gender differences as well
as the difference between male
and females. Freud also stated
that, this awareness alters the
parent-child relationship. During
the phallic stage, the male child
begins to desire his mother
sexually and treats the father as
a rival. (Mama’s Boy)
Freud’s stages of pyschosexual Development

11. Electra Complex – female child
develops unconcious sexual
attraction towards their father.
And treat their mother as a
rival. (Papa’s Girl)
According to Freud, boys
eventually identify their father
and develops masculine
characteristics and repress
their sexual feelings towards
their mother. A fixation at this
stage could result in sexual
deviancies and weak or
confused sexual identity.
Freud’s stages of pyschosexual Development

12.  Latency Stage (age 6-
puberty) – This stage
remains sexual repressed.
The child’s focus is the
acquisition(developing of
skills, habit or quality) of
physical and academic
skills. Boys usually relate
more with the boys and girls
with girls during this stage.
Freud’s stages of pyschosexual Development

13.  Genital Stage – (Puberty
onwards). The fifth
stage of psychosexual
development begins at
the start of puberty
when sexual urges are
once again awakened. In
the earlier stages,
adolescents focus their
sexual urges towards the
opposite sex peers, with
the pleasure centered on
the genitals.
Freud’s stages of pyschosexual Development

14. Freud’s Personality
Components

15.  Freud described the personality structures as
having three components.
 id 1st
 Ego 2nd
 Superego Last
Freud’s Personality Components

16.  The id – Freud says that a child is born with
the id . The id plays a vital role in one’s
personality because as a baby, it works so
that the baby’s essential needs are met. The
id operates on the pleasure needs. It
focuses on immediate gratification or
satisfaction of its
needs.
Freud’s Personality Components

17.  The ego – As the baby turns
into a toddler and then into a
preschooler he/she relates
more with the environment
the ego slowly begins to
emerge.
It refer to help id meet its
needs.
The ego operates using the
reality.
It is practical because it knows
that being impulsive or selfish
can result to negative
consequences.
ego
id
Freud’s Personality Components

18.  The super ego – Near the
end of the preschool years,
or the end of the phallic
stage, the superego
develops. The superego
embodies a person’s moral
aspect. This develops from
what the parents, teachers
and other persons who exert
influence impart to be good
or moral.
 The superego is likened to
conscience because it exerts
influence on what one
considers right and wrong.
Be Good!

Freud’s Personality Components

19.  Freud said that a well adjusted
person is one who has strong ego,
who can help satisfy the needs of
id without going against the
superego.
 ego serves as balance.
 If the id exerts too much power
over the ego, the person becomes
too impulsive and pleasure-
seeking behavior takes over one’s
life.
 If the superego is higher than
ego, the persons becomes to
harsh and judgmental to himself
and others action. The person’s
best effort to be good may still
fall short of the superego’s
expectation

20.  The Unconscious. Freud said
that most what we go
through in our lives,
emotions, beliefs, feelings
and impulses deep within are
not available to us at a
conscious level. He believe
that the most influence us is
our unconscious. The
Oedipus and Electra Complex
mentioned earlier were both
buried down into the
unconscious out of our
awareness due to the
extreme anxiety they
caused. This complexes
influence our thinking,
feeling and dramatic feeling.

21.  The conscious – Freud also
said that all that we are
aware of is stored in our
conscious mind. Our
conscious mind only
comprises a very small part
of who we are so that in
our everyday life, we are
only aware of a very small
part of what makes up our
personality most of what
we are is hidden and out of
reach.
Hello, im
Good,
Sometimes
Topographical Model

22.  The subconscious/ preconscious. – this is the part of
us that we can reach if prompted, but is not In our
active conscious. Its right below the surface, but still
hidden somewhat unless we search for it. Information
such as our telephone number, some childhood
memories or the name of your best childhood friend
is stored in the preconscious. Because the
unconscious is so huge, and because we are only
aware of the very small conscious at any given time.
A big part of the iceberg is hidden beneath the
waters surface.
 The water may represent all that we are not aware
of have not experienced, and that has not been
made part of our personalities, referred to as the
nonconscious.
Topographical Model

23. Topographical Model

24. End of Module 5
Thanks For listening
“The ego is not master in its own house”
-Sigmund Freud