A short presentation on preliminary basics of prosthodontics.

1. Presented by-
Nayanjit Talukdar
BDS , 1ST Yr.
Regional dental College.

3. Objetives.
 Provide an overview of prosthodontics (Prosthetic
dentistry).
 To define prosthodontic terminologies from GPT and main
concepts.
 To know about the anatomy and different components of
the cast.
 To know about the dimensions of the cast.
 To trim the cast to its original dimensions.
 Polishing and finishing of the trimmed cast.
 To identify and mark the anatomical landmarks of maxillary
and mandibular edentulous arches.

4. What is prosthodontics?
The dental speciality concerned with making
artificial replacements for missing parts of the mouth
and the oral cavity.

5. the diagnosis
treatment planning
rehabilitation and
• Oral function,
• Comfort,
• Appearance and
• Health of patients.
maintenance of

6. Prosthodontics also deals with clinical conditions
associated with:
 missing teeth or
 deficient teeth and/or
 maxillofacial tissues.

7. PROSTHODONTICS.
Removable
prosthodo
ntics.
Fixed
prosthodo
ntics.
Maxillofaci
al
prosthodo
ntics.
Implant
prosthodo
ntics.

8. A positive life-size reproduction of a part or
parts of the oral cavity.

9.  Void free.
 Distortion free.
 Reproduce both prepared n unprepared surfaces.
 Occlusal surface of all teeth must allow
articulation.
 All relevant soft and hard tissue must be involved.
 The land area should be vertical

10.  Peripheral roll: 3-4mm.
 Edge of the cast: 2-3mm.
 Base of the cast: 15-16mm(at the thinnest point).
 Tongue space should be flat and smooth.

11. ANATOMIC PORTION.
It is the part of the
cast that represents the
oral cavity.
ART PORTION.
It is the part of the
cast that forms the base
of the cast.
Art portion.
Anatomic
portion.

12. dental cast
Diagnostic
cast.
Working
cast.
Refractory
cast.

14. A recognisable anatomic structure used
as a part of reference.
ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS.

15. ANATOMICAL
LANDMARKS.
Limiting or
peripheral
structures.
Supporting
structures.
Primary stress
bearing areas.
Secondary stress
bearing areas.
Relief areas.
Various landmarks in a cast.

16. Colour coding used in marking the landmarks on
the cast.
 Limiting area :-
 1 supporting area :-
 2 supporting area :-
 Relief area :-

17. Anatomical landmarks of a
maxillary edentulous arch.

18. Labial frenum.
Labial vestibule.
Buccal frenum.
Buccal vestibule.
Maxillary tuberosity.
Posterior palatal seal
area.
Fovea palatine.Hard palate.
Hamular notch.
Crest of ridge.
Mid palatine raphe.
Rugae .
Incisive papilla.
Maxillary landmarks.

19.  Labial frenum: It is a fibrous band that extends from the labial aspect of the
alveolar ridge to the lips covered by a mucous membrane.
 Labial vestibule: It is the area that extends on both sides from the labial frenum to
the buccal frenum covered by the orbicularis muscle.
 Buccal frenum: Single or double fan shaped fold of mucous membrane varying in
size & position.
 Buccal vestibule: It is the part of the oral cavity that is bounded externally by
cheeks and internally by the alveolar ridge and extends from buccal frenum to the
hammular notch.
 Hammular notch: It is the distal limit of buccal vestibule situated between the
hamulus of medial pterygoid and tuberosity.
 Posterior palatal seal area: Soft tissue along the junction of hard and soft palates
to reduce the tendency of gap reflexes.
 Fovea palatinae: These are small pits or indentations which are found at the midline
just posterior to the junction of the hard and soft palate.

20.  Posterior part of the hard palate: It is the main support for the
maxillary denture consisting of two maxillary bones & the palatine bones
and is covered by keratinized epithelium.
 Rugae: These are the mucosal folds located in the anterior region of the
palatal mucosa.
 Maxillary tuberosity: It is the bulbous extension of the residual
alveolar ridge in the 2nd & 3rd molar region, terminating in the hamular
notch.
 Residual alveolar ridge:

21.  Incisive papilla: The elevation of soft tissues covering the foramen
of the incisive or nasopalatine canal.
 Mid palatine raphe: This is the median suture area covered by a
thin sub-mucosa which is sensitive to pressure application.

22. Anatomical landmarks of
mandibular edentulous arch.

23. Mylohyoid ridge.
Buccal vestibule.
Buccal frenum.
Lingual frenum.
Labial frenum.
Labial vestibule.
Crest of the ridge.
Buccal shelf area.
Retro molar pad.
Mandibular landmarks.

24.  Labial frenum: It contains a thick fibrous connective tissue & helps to attach
orbicularis oris muscle.
 Labial vestibule: It is the area that runs from labial frenum to buccal frenum.
 Buccal frenum: It is a fold of mucous membrane extending from buccal mucus
membrane to the slope or crest of the residual ridge just distal to the cuspid eminence.
 Buccal vestibule: it is the area that extends from buccal frenum to outside back
corner of the retro molar pad.
 Lingual frenum: it is a fold of mucous membrane existing when the tip of the tongue
is elevated.
 Retro molar pad: It is a triangular soft pear-shaped pad of tissue at the distal end of
the lower ridge with thin, non-keratinized epithelium & loose alveolar tissue.
 Retro mylohyoid fossa: It is the area posterior to the mylohyoid muscle and
bounded by retromylohyoid curtain.

25. Buccal shelf area: The area between the mandibular buccal frenum
and anterior edge of the massester muscle and covered by a layer of
dense and smooth cortical bone.
Residual alveolar ridge: It is the area that is covered by fibrous
connective tissue and underlying bone is cancellous without cortical
bony plate covering it.

26. Genial tubercles: These are rounded elevation clustered around the
midline on the lingual surface of the lower portion of mandibular
symphysis.
Torus mandibularis: It is a bony prominence sometimes seen on
the lingual surface of the mandible and the mid-line of hard palate.
Mylohyoid ridge: It is an oblique region on the lingual surface of the
mandible that extends from the level of the roots of the last molar teeth
also serves as an bony attachment for the mylohyoid muscle forming
the floor of the mouth.
Mental foramen: It s the part of the mandible that comes to lie
closer to the crest of ridge resorption takes place.