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Tribal Warfare The 1935 Tribal Class Destroyer Design in Commonwealth Service Dr Ian Pfennigwerth
I gratefully acknowledge the support given to the preparation of this presentation by  the grant under the Tenix HMAS  Perth  Award 2008-10, which has been honoured by the successor organisation, BAe Maritime Systems, and by the Visiting Fellowship  offered me by the School of Humanities and Social Sciences, UNSW@ADFA.
HMS  Eskimo Putting cracks in forward hull
HMCS  Haida ,  Commanding Officer’s day cabin
Presentation Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMAS  Bataan  4.7-inch firing
Origins of the Class ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IJN  Fubuki  Class destroyer
‘  V leader’ Staff Requirement: Roles Patrol work, shadowing, screening, close support of destroyer flotillas and, in conjunction with cruisers, reconnaissance and escort duties. It is further required, though not as a primary function, that the V leader be able to contribute to the AA defence of the Fleet, convoys and harbours
HMS  Matabele
Initial Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMS  Afridi
British Orders for RN ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Torpedo launch HMS  Afridi
A totally unbiased opinion by a Tribal Commanding Officer Over and above the material facts shone out the appearance of the ship. Whichever way you looked at a Tribal class destroyer, she was not just handsome – she was beautiful. The balance between hull and superstructure and the proportions of her two funnels were perfect
Warramunga  on commissioning
Design Deficiencies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMAS  Bataan  refuelling
Some AA Problems ‘ The system worked quite well provided the ship remained steady, the target aircraft flew straight and level, the guns did not have to fire at more than 40 º elevation, and that the attacks did not total more than five minutes, otherwise all the AA ammunition would have been used up’.
HMCS  Haida  forward 4-inch guns
Forward ammunition hoists, HMCS  Haida
A Sailor’s View of the Hull Problem You don’t know what it was like, with the cold and the wet and all. Sometimes, every time you jumped out of your hammock you’d land in water up to your knees. You were cold and tired and wet and hungry and scared and sick. You were always being thrown about
Storm damage in HMCS  Iroquois
HMCS  Haida , forward seamen’s mess
Fixes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bataan  AA   weapons
Australian Interest in Tribals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMCS  Haida,  Wardroom
Some Last-Minute Politicking I wish to urge before it is too late, the importance of retaining the Destroyer in the Royal Australian Navy. The Destroyer is by far the best type of craft wherein to instil the qualities of leadership and command in young Officers and Petty Officers, besides providing the best schooling in seamanship and weapon technique in young officers and men alike RACAS 16 June 1936
Committee of Imperial Defence December 1938 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Australian Acceptance of Tribal Recommendation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Arunta  shore bombardment
Australian Construction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Arunta  on commissioning
Canadian Interest in Tribals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Difficulties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CNS’ 1939 Statement to Parliament The ultimate objective which the Navy has set out for Canada is to build up to a naval force of eighteen destroyers, nine on each coast; eight anti-submarine vessels, four on each coast; eight motor torpedo boats, to be used on the east coast only. (These figures were wildly inaccurate compared with the eventual WW2 strength of the RCN, which briefly had over 90,000 men and women and was the third largest navy in the world.)
Nelles Overcame the Difficulties By: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Two RCN Tribal hulls at Halifax Dockyard
Canadian Tribals Delivery ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The British Tribals’ War 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMS  Somali  sinking in the Arctic, September 1942 Tartar  in company
British Tribals’ War 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMS  Bedouin  sinking Mediterranean, June 1942
RAN Tribals’ War I ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMAS  Arunta  4.7-inch guns crew in action
British-Built RCN Tribals at War  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMCS  Haida
Huge Canadian Building Delays ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMCS  Micmac  Launch September 1943
HMCS  Athabaskan  II Commissioned January 1948
RN Tribals Finish Their War ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMS  Tartar Post modernisation, 1944
RAN Tribals Finish Their War ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMAS  Warramunga   firing after 4.7-inch
RCN Post-War Tribal Employment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Canadian GG Inspecting 3-inch/50 mount in RCN Tribal
HMCS  Micmac pre-conversion
HMCS  Nootka  after ASW conversion
RAN Post-war Tribal Employment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMAS  Bataan  cuddled up to HMAS  Vengeance
The  Naval Battlefield  in Korea 1950-53
HMCS  Cayuga
Tribals in Korea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMCS  Haida,  Bridge view of action plot
Cold weather for  Bataan  in Korea
RAN Tribal Last Days ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMAS  Warramunga post-modernisation
End of the Road for RCN Tribals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMCS  Haida  Artificers’ Mess
A Successful Destroyer Class? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HMS  Nubian post-modernisation She gained no fewer than thirteen battle honours
Thank you for your attention I’d be happy to take any questions you may have

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Session 5 - Tribal Warfare

  • 1. Tribal Warfare The 1935 Tribal Class Destroyer Design in Commonwealth Service Dr Ian Pfennigwerth
  • 2. I gratefully acknowledge the support given to the preparation of this presentation by the grant under the Tenix HMAS Perth Award 2008-10, which has been honoured by the successor organisation, BAe Maritime Systems, and by the Visiting Fellowship offered me by the School of Humanities and Social Sciences, UNSW@ADFA.
  • 3. HMS Eskimo Putting cracks in forward hull
  • 4. HMCS Haida , Commanding Officer’s day cabin
  • 5.
  • 6. HMAS Bataan 4.7-inch firing
  • 7.
  • 8. IJN Fubuki Class destroyer
  • 9. ‘ V leader’ Staff Requirement: Roles Patrol work, shadowing, screening, close support of destroyer flotillas and, in conjunction with cruisers, reconnaissance and escort duties. It is further required, though not as a primary function, that the V leader be able to contribute to the AA defence of the Fleet, convoys and harbours
  • 11.
  • 13.
  • 15. A totally unbiased opinion by a Tribal Commanding Officer Over and above the material facts shone out the appearance of the ship. Whichever way you looked at a Tribal class destroyer, she was not just handsome – she was beautiful. The balance between hull and superstructure and the proportions of her two funnels were perfect
  • 16. Warramunga on commissioning
  • 17.
  • 18. HMAS Bataan refuelling
  • 19. Some AA Problems ‘ The system worked quite well provided the ship remained steady, the target aircraft flew straight and level, the guns did not have to fire at more than 40 º elevation, and that the attacks did not total more than five minutes, otherwise all the AA ammunition would have been used up’.
  • 20. HMCS Haida forward 4-inch guns
  • 22. A Sailor’s View of the Hull Problem You don’t know what it was like, with the cold and the wet and all. Sometimes, every time you jumped out of your hammock you’d land in water up to your knees. You were cold and tired and wet and hungry and scared and sick. You were always being thrown about
  • 23. Storm damage in HMCS Iroquois
  • 24. HMCS Haida , forward seamen’s mess
  • 25.
  • 26. Bataan AA weapons
  • 27.
  • 28. HMCS Haida, Wardroom
  • 29. Some Last-Minute Politicking I wish to urge before it is too late, the importance of retaining the Destroyer in the Royal Australian Navy. The Destroyer is by far the best type of craft wherein to instil the qualities of leadership and command in young Officers and Petty Officers, besides providing the best schooling in seamanship and weapon technique in young officers and men alike RACAS 16 June 1936
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32. Arunta shore bombardment
  • 33.
  • 34. Arunta on commissioning
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37. CNS’ 1939 Statement to Parliament The ultimate objective which the Navy has set out for Canada is to build up to a naval force of eighteen destroyers, nine on each coast; eight anti-submarine vessels, four on each coast; eight motor torpedo boats, to be used on the east coast only. (These figures were wildly inaccurate compared with the eventual WW2 strength of the RCN, which briefly had over 90,000 men and women and was the third largest navy in the world.)
  • 38.
  • 39. Two RCN Tribal hulls at Halifax Dockyard
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42. HMS Somali sinking in the Arctic, September 1942 Tartar in company
  • 43.
  • 44. HMS Bedouin sinking Mediterranean, June 1942
  • 45.
  • 46. HMAS Arunta 4.7-inch guns crew in action
  • 47.
  • 49.
  • 50. HMCS Micmac Launch September 1943
  • 51. HMCS Athabaskan II Commissioned January 1948
  • 52.
  • 53. HMS Tartar Post modernisation, 1944
  • 54.
  • 55. HMAS Warramunga firing after 4.7-inch
  • 56.
  • 57. Canadian GG Inspecting 3-inch/50 mount in RCN Tribal
  • 58. HMCS Micmac pre-conversion
  • 59. HMCS Nootka after ASW conversion
  • 60.
  • 61. HMAS Bataan cuddled up to HMAS Vengeance
  • 62. The Naval Battlefield in Korea 1950-53
  • 64.
  • 65. HMCS Haida, Bridge view of action plot
  • 66. Cold weather for Bataan in Korea
  • 67.
  • 68. HMAS Warramunga post-modernisation
  • 69.
  • 70. HMCS Haida Artificers’ Mess
  • 71.
  • 72. HMS Nubian post-modernisation She gained no fewer than thirteen battle honours
  • 73. Thank you for your attention I’d be happy to take any questions you may have