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Chapter 1 Introduction
- 1. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1
Introduction
Chapter 1
- 2. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H2
Types of Assets
Tangible Assets
Value is based on physical properties
Examples include buildings, land, machinery
Intangible Assets
Claim to future income
Examples include various types of financial assets
- 3. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H3
Types of Financial Assets
Bank loans
Government bonds
Corporate bonds
Municipal bonds
Foreign bond
Common stock
Preferred stock
Foreign stock
- 4. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H4
Debt vs. Equity
Debt Instruments
Fixed dollar payments
Examples include loans, bonds
Equity Claims
Dollar payment is based on earnings
Residual claims
Examples include common stock, partnership share
- 5. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H5
Price of Financial Asset and Risk
The price or value of a financial asset is equal to the present
value of all expected future cash flows.
Expected rate of return
Risk of expected cash flow
- 6. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H6
Types of Investment Risks
Purchasing power risk or inflation risk
Default or credit risk
Exchange rate or currency risk
- 7. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H7
Role of Financial Assets
Transfer funds from surplus units to deficit units.
Transfer funds so as to redistribute unavoidable risk
associated with cash flows generated from both tangible and
intangible assets.
- 8. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H8
Key Points You Should
Understand
Difference between tangible and financial assets
Difference between debt and equity
Cash flow of a financial asset
Three types of risks associated with financial asset
Two principal economic functions of financial assets
- 9. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H9
Role of Financial Markets
Determine price or required rate of return of asset.
Provide liquidity.
Reduce transactions costs, which consists of search costs and
information costs.
- 10. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H10
Classification of Financial Markets
Debt vs. equity markets
Money market vs. capital market
Primary vs. secondary market
Cash or spot vs. derivatives market
Auction vs. over-the-counter vs. intermediated market
- 11. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H11
Financial Market Participants
Households
Business units
Federal, state, and local governments
Government agencies
Supranationals
Regulators
- 12. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H12
Key Points You Should
Understand
Three economic functions of financial markets
Ways that financial markets can be classified
Market participants
- 13. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H13
Globalization of Financial Markets
Deregulation or liberalization of financial markets
Technological advances
Increased institutionalization
- 14. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H14
Classification of Global Financial
Markets
Internal Market
(also called national
market)
External Market
(also called international
market, offshore market,
and Euromarket)
Domestic Market Foreign Market
- 15. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H15
Motivation for Using Foreign Markets and
Euromarkets
Limited fund availability in internal market
Reduced cost of funds
Diversifying funding sources
- 16. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H16
Derivatives Market
Futures/forward contracts are obligations that must be
fulfilled at maturity.
Options contracts are rights, not obligations, to either buy
(call) or sell (put the underlying financial instrument.
- 17. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H17
Role of Derivative Instruments
Protect against different types of investment risks, such as
purchasing power risk, interest rate risk, exchange rate risk.
Advantages:
Lower transactions costs
Faster to carry out transaction
Greater liquidity
- 18. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H18
Key Points You Should
Understand
Three major factors that have integrated financial markets
Institutionalization of financial markets
Internal and external markets
Motive to raise money outside of domestic market
Two basic types of derivatives
Principal economic role of derivatives
Potential uses of derivatives
- 19. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H19
Types of Regulation
Disclosure regulation
Financial activity regulation
Regulation of financial institution
Regulation of foreign participation
- 20. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H20
Regulation in the United States
Reasons for regulation
Stock market crash of 1929
Great Depression of 1930s
Regulation primarily by SEC, CFTC, Treasury, and Federal
Reserve
“Blueprint for Regulatory Reform”
Split regulation by functions
Market stability regulator
Prudential regulator
Business conduct regulator
- 21. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H21
Key Points You Should
Understand
Explanation for the existence of regulation
Goals sought in regulation
Major forms of regulation
“Blueprint for Regulatory Reform”
- 22. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice H22
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
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electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without
the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United
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- 09/24/13