This document outlines a study on utilizing waste plastic to produce plastic sand-based tiles for pavement. It discusses the global issue of plastic waste, and proposes a solution of recycling plastic into construction materials. The objectives are stated as creating an efficient waste management system and producing affordable building materials. The methodology describes collecting, washing, chopping, melting, and mixing plastic with sand before molding and curing the tiles. Tests are performed to analyze the tiles' compressive strength, water absorption, and suitability for construction. The conclusion is that plastic waste can be used to create long-lasting building materials while reducing costs and improving waste management.

1. Utilization of Waste Plastic For The
Production Of Plastic Sand Based Tiles
(Pavement)
Plastic and Rubber Directorate
Group Project

2. Outlines
– Introduction
– Statement of the Problem Objectives
– Significance of study
– Materials
– Methodology
– Conclusion
– Cost breakdown

3. INTRODUCTION
 The term “ Plastic” includes materials composed of various elements such as carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur.
 Plastics are macro molecules, formed by polymerization & having the ability to be shaped by
the application of reasonable amount of heat & pressure or any other form of force.
 Global plastic waste has grown at an alarming rate for decades. However, the traditional
landfill and incineration treatments may cause air pollution and valuable land squander.
 Polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene is largely used in the manufacturing of
plastic.
 Plastics are made from non-biodegradable-harmful materials and land filling them would
increase the volume of the waste and pollute ground water and may hider its movement.
 Therefore Plastic waste has to be utilized and recycled efficiently. This paper provides a
review of product of Plastic bricks which can effectively use plastic waste as an alternating
material.

4. TYPES OF PLASTIC MATERILS
 Plastics, depending on their physical properties, may be classified as thermoplastic
or thermosetting plastic materials
 Thermoplastic materials can be formed into desired shapes under heat & pressure
and be come solids on cooling. If they are subjected to te same conditions of heat
& pressure , they can be remolded.
 Thermosetting materials which once shaped can not be softened/ remolded by the
application of heat.
 Out of total uses of plastic , 80% are thermoplastic & 20% are thermosetting.

5. CATEGORIZATION OF PLASTIC

6. ENVIROMENTAL ISSUES ON DISPOSAL OF PLASTIC
WASTE
 Indiscriminate plastic waste disposal on land makes the land infertile due to its impervious
nature.
 Burning of plastic generate toxic emissions such as carbon monoxide, chlorine & hydrocarbon
 Plastic bags litter the landscape and kill animals.

7. IMPACTS OF WASTE PLASTIC
RECYCLIING
 Reduce air and water pollution
 Reduce greenhouse gas emissions
 Decrease ecosystem destruction
 Create a job opportunity for the unemployed youth

8. Statement of Problem
 The Organic component of Solid Waste may not be too much of a problem since that is
biodegradable.
 However, the Plastic Waste component of Solid Waste poses a lot of problem in our
environment because it is non-biodegradable and therefore can stay in the environment for a
considerable length of time causing all sorts of problems.
 Currently, the disposal of plastic waste is by incineration and landfill in Ethiopia, which is a
treat to the environment.
 The former is not environmentally friendly and sustainable since this may release carbon
dioxide, a major contributor to global warming (greenhouse effect).
 And the latter is not also desirable since plastic is non-degradable.
 Most of gutters in Ethiopia are currently choked with plastic waste and this has resulted in
floods, loss of property and also causing high rate of malaria and cholera .
 Recycling of plastic waste seems to be the best solution to plastic waste menace.

9. Objectives
 The main objective of this project is to produce plastic Sand Based Tiles
(Pavement) from plastic waste .
Specific Objective
 To alter the current waste management system and create an efficient way
of utilizing waste plastics.
 To Minimize and reuse generation of waste plastic on the land and water
to avoid land and water degradation and consequent pollution hazard.
 To produce cost-effective materials which a common person can afford
easily.

10. Significance of the Study
 Utilizing plastic waste for the production of eco- friendly, strong, durable,
stable, waterproof, lightweight, good soundness and attractive bricks and
tiles.
 Playing a significant role to changing waste management system of our
country, so as to modify the linear economy to circular economy.

11. Materials and Methods
Materials
 Plastic waste
 Sand
 Temperature regulated bowl
 Stirrer
 Sieve
 Measuring balance
 Trowel
 Mold
 Compressor

12. Methodology
 Waste plastic Collection.
 Batching and characterization of the waste
 Washing and Chopping the waste plastic.
 Melting the waste
 Sieve the sand.
 Mixing
 Molding
 Curing.

13. Continu…

14. Characterization
Compressive Strength Test
 This test is done to know the compressive strength of the brick and
pavement.
 It is also called the crushing strength of brick and pavement
 In this test, a brick specimen is put on compressive strength testing
machine and the pressure will applied at a constant rate till it breaks.

15. Water Absorption Test
 In this test the bricks and pavement first weighted in dry condition and they
are immersed in water for 24hours.
 The bricks or pavements to be tested should be dry in an oven at a
temperature of 105oC to 115oC till it attains constant weight
Crushing test
 This is the main test conducted to test the suitability of the brick for
construction work. This test is executed with the help of compression
testing machine.

16. Finance and Budget

17. Cont…

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21. Conclusion
Using all these discussion it can be concluded
that:
 The non-biodegradable properties of plastic waste are able to assist the
long-term workings of construction materials.
 The utilization of plastic waste is anticipated to reduce the cost of pavement
construction. This will improve the economic and environmental
significance in underdeveloped and developing countries
 Plastic waste management has assumed great significance in view of the
urbanization activities.