remote sensing

1. Under Guidance of-
Dr.Suresh kumar
Submitted By-
Nanhe Lal Gupta
M.Sc. IInd Sem
REMOTE SENSING

2. Introduction
Remote + Sensing
Remote sensing means acquiring information of things from a
distance with sensors. (without touching the things)
 Sensors may be cameras that are capable of wide range of EM
spectral ranges like UV, Vis, IR & Microwaves

3.  Remote sensing occurs at a variable
distance from the point of interest.
It could be 1000m or greater than 1
million metres.
 Nowadays, remote sensing is mainly
done from space using satellites.
ENVISAT: Launched 1 March 2002

4. Definition
 Remote Sensing is:
“The art and science of obtaining information about an object
without being in direct contact with the object” (Jensen
2000).
India’s National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA) defined as :
“Remote sensing is the technique of deriving information
about objects on the surface of the earth without physically
coming into contact with them.”

5. Sea image, 26. Feb. 2000 by NASA (Source- google)

6. Sinnhuber & Bracher, Remote Sensing,
University of Bremen, Summer 2008
Source- google
Photo taken by
Crew of Apollo 17
7 Dec 1972
(Source- google

7. Remote Sensing Process
(A) Source of Illumination.
(B) Radiation from the source and sensors . . in
atmosphere .
(C) Interaction with the Target.
(D) Recording of Energy by the Sensor.
(E) Transmission, Reception, & Processing.
(F) Interpretation and Analysis.
(G) Application.
Source: Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing

8. Remote sensing platforms
Ground-based Airplane-based Satellite-based
(Source- CCRS pdf)

9. Ground-based sensors are often used to record earth surface data in detail
Aircrafts are often used to collect very detailed images and facilitate the
collection of data over virtually any portion of the earth’s surface at any time.
Satellite remote sensing is mainly used for digital imaging technique.
Remote sensing platforms

10. History of Remote Sensing
Aerial photography is the original form of
remote sensing (using visible spectrum) started
in 1909
Color infrared photography began 1931, then
was widely used in agriculture and forestry.
Development of RADAR based images

11. History of Remote Sensing
 After the first man-made satellite (Sputnik 1) was launched on 4 October
1957 by Soviet Union, remote sensing moved to outer space
 The United States' Explorer 6 transmitted the first space photograph of
the Earth in August 1959.
 Hyperspectral remote sensing emerged (1980), widely used in mineral,
oil, etc. exploration
 Since then, a large number and advanced types of remote sensing
systems have been developed.

12. NASA
Research
Spacecraft
(Source- google

13. Applications of remote sensing
(Source- CCRS pdf)

14. In Agriculture
Satellite and airborne images are used as
mapping tools to classify crops, examine
their health and viability, and monitor
farming practices. Agricultural applications
of remote sensing include the following:
crop type classification
crop condition assessment
crop yield estimation
mapping of soil characteristics
mapping of soil management practices
compliance monitoring (farming practices)
Canada Centre for Remote Sensing

15. In Forestry
International and domestic forestry
applications where remote sensing can
be utilized include
sustainable development,
 biodiversity monitoring
deforestation, reforestation monitoring and
managing,
 commercial logging operations,
shoreline and watershed protection,
 biophysical monitoring (wildlife habitat assessment)
etc.
Canada Centre for Remote Sensing
Canada Centre for Remote Sensing

16. In Geology
Remote sensing is used as a tool to extract
information about the land surface structure,
composition or subsurface.
Radar provides an expression of surface topography
and roughness. Geological applications of remote
sensing include the following:
surficial deposit / bedrock mapping
lithological mapping
structural mapping
sand and gravel (aggregate) exploration/ exploitation
mineral exploration
(KS Geological Survey)

17. In Hydrology
Hydrology is the study of water on the
Earth's surface, whether flowing above
ground, frozen in ice or snow, or retained by
soil. Examples of hydrological applications
include:
wetlands mapping and monitoring,
soil moisture estimation,
measuring snow thickness.
determining snow-water equivalent,
river and lake ice monitoring,
flood mapping and monitoring,
glacier dynamics monitoring.
water on the Earth's surface
Sea Ice

18. Land Cover & Land Use
Land use applications involve both baseline
mapping and subsequent monitoring, since
timely information is required to know what
current quantity of land is in what type of use
and to identify the land use changes from
year to year.
Land use applications of remote sensing
include the following:
 natural resource management
wildlife habitat protection
 baseline mapping for GIS input
 urban expansion.
from maps.google.com

19. Applications of National Priority
Agricultural
Efficiency
Air Quality
Water
Management
Disaster Management
Carbon
Management
Aviation
Ecological ForecastingInvasive Species
Coastal ManagementHomeland
Security
Energy ManagementPublic Health

20. References
Remote Sensing and GIS - B. Bhatt
Fundamentals of Remote Sensing - A Canada Centre for Remote
Sensing Remote Sensing Tutorial.
Introduction to Remote Sensing - By Gregory Vandeberg
Assistant Professor of Geography (ND GIS Users Workshop
Bismarck).
Remote Sensing - Bjorn-Martin Sinnhuber and Astrid Bracher

21. THANK
YOU