Management is the science of making people and resources productive. It is the process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling the available resources of the organization to achieve its goals and objectives.

1. ELEMENTS
OF
MANAGEMENT
NANELYN T. BONTOYAN
Student, PhD.ED

2. MANAGEMENT
– Is the science of making people and resources
productive.
– It is the process of planning, organizing, directing
and controlling the available resources of the
organization to achieve its goals and objectives.

5. PLANNING
– Is the determination of the course of action to achieve the
desired results.
– “Planning is deciding in advance - what to do, when to do & how
to do. It bridges the gap from where we are & where we want to
be”.
– Planning is necessary to ensure proper utilization of human &
non-human resources. It is all pervasive, it is an intellectual
activity and it also helps in avoiding confusion.

6. THE ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE
PLANNING PROCESS
A. FORECASTING
It is systematic approach to probe the future business
events from available data and information.
It is a mathematical technique of analysis to predict
the frame of reference which the activities are likely to
happen.

7. SWOT Analysis

8. THE ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE
PLANNING PROCESS
B. OBJECTIVES
It refers to the goals that put into specific terms the
mission and vision of the organization in
operational terms.

9. THE ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE
PLANNING PROCESS
C. COMPANY POLICY
It refers to the goals that put into specific terms the
mission and vision of the organization in
operational terms.

10. THE ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE
PLANNING PROCESS
D. PROGRAM
It is the sequential line of activities to implement
policies and designed plans.
It is the step by step approach to guide the
necessary action towards the predetermined goals.

11. THE ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE
PLANNING PROCESS
E. PROCEDURE
To simplify the work how it is to be done.
F. BUDGETS
It is an estimate of how much money is required for
the activities to take off.

12. ORGANIZING
– According to Henry Fayol, “To organize a business is to provide it
with everything useful or its functioning i.e. raw material, tools,
capital and personnel’s”.
– Organizing involves designating tasks and responsibilities to
employees with the specific skill sets needed to complete the
tasks. Organizing also involves developing the organizational
structure and chain of command within the company.

13. ORGANIZING
– Organizing as a process involves:
 Identification of activities.
 Classification of grouping of activities.
 Assignment of duties.
 Delegation of authority and creation of responsibility.
 Coordinating authority and responsibility relationships.

14. EFFECTIVE ORGANIZING TIPS THAT DELIVER
RESULTS
1. Keep a visible plan of action.
2. List items and schedules.
3. Develop happy people at work.
4. Organize your files and other items.
5. Religiously comply with your commitment.
6. Keep in touch.

16. STAFFING
– According to Koontz & ODonnell, “Managerial function of
staffing involves manning the organization structure through
proper and effective selection, appraisal & development of
personnel to fill the roles designed un the structure”.
– The main purpose of staffing is to hire the right people for the
right jobs to achieve the objectives of the organization.

17. STAFFING
– It involves:
– Manpower Planning (estimating man power in terms of searching,
choose the person and giving the right place).
– Recruitment, selection & placement.
– Training & development.
– Remuneration.
– Performance appraisal.
– Promotions & transfer.

18. DIRECTING/LEADING
– It is that part of managerial function which actuates the
organizational methods to work efficiently for achievement of
organizational purposes.
– Leading involves the social and informal sources of influence that
you use to inspire action taken by others. If managers are
effective leaders, their subordinates will be enthusiastic about
exerting effort to attain organizational objectives.

19. DIRECTING/LEADING
– Direction has following elements:
 Supervision
 Motivation
 Leadership
 Communication

20. COORDINATING
– The coordinating function of leadership controls all the
organizing, planning and staffing activities of the company and
ensures all activities function together for the good of the
organization.
– Coordinating involves communication, supervision and direction
by management.

21. CONTROLLING
– According to Koontz & ODonnell “Controlling is the
measurement & correction of performance activities of
subordinates in order to make sure that the enterprise objectives
and plans desired to obtain them as being accomplished”.
– The purpose of controlling is to ensure that everything occurs in
conformities with the standards.

22. CONTROLLING
– It has following steps:
 Establishment of standard performance.
 Measurement of actual performance.
 Comparison of actual performance with the
standards and finding out deviation if any.
 Corrective action

23. MOTIVATING
– encourage people to take more interest and initiative in the work
assigned.
– Organizations prosper when the employees are motivated
through special efforts including provision of facilities and
incentives

24. COMMUNICATING
– Communication (written or oral) is necessary for the exchange of
facts, opinions, ideas and information between individual’s and
departments. In an organization, communication is useful for
giving information, guidance and instructions.
– "Communication involves a systematic and continuing process
of telling, listening and understanding".