Someone in your life, by nature, accident or illness needs extra attention to thrive. An education on your alternatives can connect you with social, emotional, legal and financial resources to gain the most enjoyment from every family.
2. The Statistics…
1 in 5 U.S. residents has
some level of disability:
19% of U.S.
population
56.7 million Americans
5.2% of children ages 5
to 17 have some level of
disability
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Reports, www.census.gov, accessed
February 2015
3. The Statistics…
1 in 68 American
children has an autism
spectrum disorder*
1 in 9 older Americans
has Alzheimer’s
disease**
*Source: Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, Data and Statistics,
www.cdc.gov, March 2014
**Source: Alzheimer's Association report,
2014 Alzheimer’s Disease Facts and
Figures
4. What Is Special Needs Planning?
Provides for a disabled
individual, personally and
financially
Considers needs of the
individual and their family
Plans can be made by the
individual and/or their loved
ones including:
Child of any age
Sibling
Spouse
Parent
Other relative or friend
5. Goals of Special Needs Planning
Balance your present and future needs with your loved one's
present and future needs.
Create and implement personal care, financial, and legal
plans.
Communicate such plans to all relevant persons.
Review and revise plans as circumstances change
Assure family members that loved one’s needs have been
adequately addressed
6. Risks of Not Planning Ahead
Upon your death, certain
decisions will be made for
you:
Guardianship and/or
a conservatorship
How much of an
inheritance your loved
one will get
Loss of Time Value
Preservation of Look
Back
7. Planning Steps
You need to:
Create and implement a
current personal care plan
for your loved one
Create a transition plan
for continued personal care
as circumstances change
Create and execute a legal
plan
Create and implement
a financial plan
8. Step 1: Create and Implement a
Personal Care Plan
Who will provide care?
You and/or other family
members or friends
Full- or part-time
professional
Where will your loved
one live?
At home, independently
With you or another
family member or friend
Assisted-living facility
9. Step 1: Create and Implement a
Personal Care Plan
What care is needed?
Household chores and
other daily tasks
Washing and dressing
Meal preparation
Transportation
Medical
Safety/emergency plan
10. Step 2: Create a Transition Plan
Continuity of care and
supervision
Choosing alternates to
replace those in original
plan if needed
Anticipate and prepare for
future life events of ALL
the interested parties
Answer “what if” questions
What if you die
unexpectedly?
What if your loved one
becomes
unable to make his/her
own medical/financial
decisions?
11. Step 3: Create and Execute a Legal
Plan
Ensure that legal
precautions are in place:
Medical directives
Durable powers of
attorney
Your last will and
testament
Letter of instruction (not
legally binding) to point
others to your documents
Hire an attorney
An experienced estate
planning or special needs
planning attorney will help
coordinate your will with
other financial plans that
have been made or will be
made
12. Step 4: Create and Implement a
Financial Plan
Estimate the monthly cost
to care for your loved one
Project the cost over
your loved one’s
expected lifespan
Factor in inflation
13. Step 4: Create and Implement a
Financial Plan
Insurance
Health, disability, and long-term
care insurance that cover your
loved one
Life insurance. Are the right
people insured?
Are the beneficiary designations
up to date with needs?
Your legacy
Last will and testament
Accounts that may pass by
beneficiary designation, TOD,
POD
14. Need to Preserve Government
Benefits
Some government
benefits are need-based
and some are not
You may need legally
separated assets in order
to maintain entitlement to
public benefits
15. Sources of Government Benefits
National organizations
Community aid
State aid
Federal aid
The Arc.org,
Autismspeaks.org,
Disability.gov
Easter Seals.com,
HSCfoundation.org,
Parentcenterhub.org
SSA.Gov
16. Federal Benefits: Not Based on
Financial Need
Medicare, age 65
Social Security
Disability Income
(SSDI)
Government Programs
Special education
17. Federal Benefits: Need-based
Medicaid
Joint federal and state program that helps
with medical costs for people with low
incomes and limited resources
Supplemental Social Security Income (SSI)
Provides monthly income to people age 65
or older, or who are blind or disabled, and
who have limited income and financial
resources
18. Special Planning Techniques
Certain techniques are
permitted by federal and
state law to maximize
available resources
Government benefits are
available to all families
regardless of their means
Families can use their
personal resources to
provide for non-basic
needs
Family’s personal resources
serve as a secondary
source of support
19. Special or Supplemental Needs Trust
Special needs trust also
called supplemental
needs trust (SNT)
SNTs given “official” legal
status in 1993
Assets in a properly
drafted and administered
SNT will not be counted
as available assets
When properly drafted
Trust disbursements will
not be counted as income
20. Types of SNTs
Self-settled or first-
party SNT
Pooled SNT
Third-party SNT
21. Self-Settled or First-Party SNT
Created for sole benefit of
disabled individual under
age 65
Created by parent,
grandparent, guardian, or
by the court
Cannot be created by the
disabled individual
CAN be funded by the
disabled individual.
22. Self-Settled or First-Party SNT
Avoids Medicaid and SSI “look-back” provisions for
eligibility purposes.
Assets in trust will not be countable as resources for
eligibility purposes
Upon the disabled individual's death, any money or
assets remaining in this trust must be used to
reimburse the government for Medicaid benefits
extended to the individual during his/her lifetime
23. Pooled SNT
Managed by a nonprofit organization
Funds are pooled for investment purposes
Subaccounts maintained for each disabled
beneficiary
Can be created by the disabled individual for
himself/herself
Pay back to Medicaid or help others in the pool,
depending on state law.
24. Created by disabled person's parent or other
third party
No payback requirement
Creator of trust must not have a duty to support
the disabled person
Disabled person can be any age
May or may not trigger Medicaid or SSI penalty
period
Third-Party SNT
25. ABLE Accounts
Tax-advantaged savings
vehicles 529A account.
Account funds generally do
not count toward the asset
limit for Medicaid and SSI
Available to individuals
whose disability began
before age 26
Can’t be opened until
regulations are final
26. Conclusion
If you have, or might have,
a loved one who is
disabled or has special
needs:
Are you concerned about
their future personal
needs and financial
security?
Are you concerned about
meeting their needs could
strain your ability to meet
your own?
I welcome the opportunity to
meet individually with each
of you to address any
specific concerns or
questions that you may
have.
Thoughtful planning can help
you avoid the pitfalls of not
having a plan, and improve
your overall experience as a
Family of a Special Needs
Person.
27. Disclaimer
Nancy L Roach, CFP ® is licensed to offer securities, annuities
and insurance products through Sigma Financial Corporation.
Sigma Financial is a member of FINRA, and SIPC. Upstream
Investment Partners is independent of Sigma Financial
Corporation. Financial Planning Services offered through
Sigma Planning Corporation. Financial products not FDIC
insured not guaranteed and may lose value.