poka yoke

POKA-YOKE 132U1A0479
Geethanjali InstituteOf ScienceandTechnology
Gangavarm, Kovur(mandal), SPSR NelloreDist., A.P 524137 Page 1
CHAPTER- 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION:
Nowadays, each and every company wants profit, high productivity, value in market.
There are slogans in most factories stating defect reduction targets, but the ultimate aim
should always be zero defects. "POKA-YOKE" is a vital factor in eliminating defects. Poka-
yoke is a concept in total quality management which is related to restricting errors at source
itself. It deals with "fool-proofing" or "mistake-proofing". A poka-yoke is any idea
generation or mechanism development in a total productive management process that helps
operator to avoid (yokeru) mistakes (poka). Main aim of Poka Yoke concept is to make
whole system error proof that means no one can make mistake although some one wants to
make mistakes intentionally. It eliminates the defects or faults. This term was coined by
Shigeo Shingo in 1960sfor the part of Toyota Production System. The aim of Poka-yoke is to
design the process so that mistakes can be detected and corrected immediately, eliminating
defects at the source. A methodical approach to build up Poka-Yoke countermeasures which
consists in a three step analysis of the risks to be managed:
1. Identification of the need
2. Identification of possible mistakes
3. Management of mistakes before satisfying the need.
These steps are taken into consideration while thinking about implementation of Poka Yoke
system in any field because this methodology remains same at all the situations and
conditions.
Figure 1.1: USB cable

Above figure 1.1 shows the concept of the Poka Yoke system. In upper diagram, size of both
holes are same, therefore there may be mistake of putting positive terminal into negative hole
but on the other hand, in lower figure, the sizes of both the holes are different which results in
avoiding the misplacement of the terminal into wrong hole.
1.2 What is POKA-YOKE?
Poke-yoke (Mistake proofing) is a Japanese improvement strategy for mistake-
proofing to prevent defects (or Nonconformities) from arising during manufacturing
processes. Poka-yoke is a preventive action that focuses on identifying and eliminating the
special causes of variation in manufacturing processes, which inevitably lead to product
defects or nonconformities. This concept was initially called Idiot Proofing but it was
understood that this name may heart workers so term Mistake Proofing was coined by Shigeo
Shingo. Poka-yoke gives a strategy and policy for preventing defects at the source. Poka-
yoke solutions are not only the cost-effective but also easy to understand and apply. Mistake
proofing is one of the important tools to add to any organization’s Continuous improvement.
In short poka-yoke is a continual improvement strategy that offers a way to move the QMS
(quality management system) towards a higher level of performance. The poka-yoke(mistake
proofing) concept was generated in the mid-1960s by Shigeo Shingo who is Japanese
industrial engineer. Shingo was working for the Toyota and other Japanese companies, where
he developed entire Manufacturing systems focused on achieving zero defects in production
and gave birth to this revolutionary work. The basic concept behind poka-yoke(mistake
proofing) is that it is not acceptable and allowed to produce even a small amount of
nonconforming product. To stay in market and to become a whole world-class competitor, an
organization must go with new strategy and technology along with side by side practice of
producing zero defects. Poka-yoke methods are the easy and simple concepts for achieving
this goal and are a key component of the continual improvement strategy in many leading
Japanese companies on this moment. Poka-yoke (fool proofing) is one of the presentations of
“good kaizen”, or superior continual improvement because of its preventive nature. A poka
yoke device or solution is apply any mechanism or idea that either avoids the mistake from
being made or makes the mistake easily identify at a glance. The ability to find mistakes at a
glance is important because, as Shingo states, "The causes of defect lie in workers errors, and

defects are the results of neglecting those errors. It follows that mistakes will not turn into
defects if worker errors are discovered and eliminated beforehand"[Shingo 1986. He also
adds to this that "Defects arise because errors are made” the two have a cause-and-effect
relationship. ... Yet errors will not turn into defects if feedback and action take place at error
stage During actual manufacturing of any product there are too many very simple and
monotonous steps which are carried out by operators. These are monotonous work operations
result in to mental fatigue and lack of interest in work which ultimately causes silly mistakes
of operators and we know that human is prone to errors even though he doesn’t want it. To
avoid these simple mistakes by poka-yoke concept play important role. By implementing
some simple solutions we can avoid mistakes. The long term achievement of poka- yoke
gives output of saving time and we release the work pressure on mind of worker. We can use
creativity and innovative skills of workers for more creative operations instead of increasing
pressure for monotonous activities This involvement of everyone in organization is basic
need to rise roots of quality culture in the organization.
1.3 Needof POKA-YOKE
When any organization decides to implement the lean manufacturing then one of the
objective is to reduce scrap because no one is interested to compensate extra inventory on
account of scrap. As per philosophy of lean manufacturing it focuses on speed of production
and productivity also. In order to follow this concept of speed we should prevail against
defects and rework. To the increase profit percentage the cost pressures always become
headache for top management so they never accept continued mistakes like scrap, rework,
lateness etc. out of tolerance instead they are aiming to achieve value of zero in this segment.
When customers of any company buys product they rightfully expect defect free products and
conventional 100% inspection or statistical process control don’t insure 100% defect-free
products (zero defect). Hence we are going to root cause of any problem and avoiding it
which gives us defect free product. In the above discussion concludes that to get defect free
products one should go with the concept of Poka-Yoke. Below graph plotted between
cost/defects.

Graph 1.1: cost& zero defects relation
1.4 Technical aspect of Poka-Yoke method
Poka-Yoke technique can be applied both to prevent causes, which will result in
subsequent occurrences of errors and to carry out inexpensive control determining whether to
adopt or reject the product. It is not always 100% probability elimination of all errors, in such
cases it is the task of Poka-Yoke methods is detection as soon as possible. Analyze the
process of product defects formation noted that between a mistake resulting from the defect is
yet one, the potential possibility: The observation mistake and its correct. It is therefore the
proposal -method for reducing defective is planning conditions in which error may not
happen, or will be immediately visible and captured. Take into account the above Shigeo
Shingo developed a achieving "zero defects" in industrial conditions, i.e. in such a way as
simple and cheap. Was itself at the matter, that it is not possible to reduce the defects using
random checks. It is necessary to the total control - 100% control. Shigeo Shingo adopted
assumptions like in the case of confusion applying the statistical process control is
ineffective, monitoring and control the poka-yoke should be autonomous, i.e. operations
carried out by the contractor without intervention from the outside, 100% - the total, cheap.
Shigeo Shingo has analyzed in detail the process formation of defects and errors from the
source to effect. He said that mistake from the producer becomes defect for the user in this
moment when the customer unnoticed this defect. It should be therefore a maximum reduced
and speed up action coupling back, and so on as soon as possible –and simplest should be
detect errors (inspection of information, "after the fact", typical for statistical control).
1. At the earliest as soon as possible signal error before it become the defect (in the

2. Eliminate possibility of the occurrence error (inspection at source, verify the
conditions under which runs the operation in order to eliminate the possibility
formation error).
The Poka-Yoke is a technique for avoiding human error at work. A defect exists in either of
two states; the defect either has already occurred, calling for defect detection, or is about to
occur, calling for defect prediction. Poka-yoke has three basic functions to prevent or reduce
defects: shutdown, control, and warning.
Categories of poka-yoke devices
Poka-yoke devices fall into two major categories: prevention and detection.
A prevention device engineers the process so that it is impossible to make a mistake at all. A
classic example of a prevention device is the design of a 3.5 inch computer diskette.The
diskette is carefully engineered to be slightly asymmetrical so that it will not fit into the disk
drive in any orientation other than the correct one.
Prevention devices remove the need to correct a mistake, since the user cannot make
the mistake in the first place.
A detection device signals the user when a mistake has been made, so that the user
can quickly correct the problem. The small dish used at the Yamada Electric plant was a
detection device; it alerted the worker when a spring had been forgotten. Detection devices
typically warn the user of a problem, but they do not enforce the correction.
We are surrounded every day by both detection and prevention poka-yoke devices, though we
may not usually think of them as such. My microwave will not work if the door is open (a
prevention device). My car beeps if I leave the key in the ignition (a detection device). At few
years ago, some cars were designed not to start until the passengers had buckled their seat
belts (a prevention device); but this mechanism was too intrusive and was replaced by a
warning beep (a detection device).

1.5 When to use it?
Poka-yoke can be used wherever something can go wrong or an error can be made. It is
a technique, a tool that can be applied to any type of process be it in manufacturing or the service
industry.
Errors are many types –
1.Processing error : Process operation missed or not performed per the standard operating
procedure.
2. Setup error: Using the wrong tooling or setting machine adjustments incorrectly.
3. Missing part: Not all parts included in the assembly, welding, or other processes.
4. Improper part/item: Wrong part used in the process.
5. Operations error : Carrying out an operation incorrectly; having the incorrect version of the
specification.
6. Measurement error: Errors in machine adjustment, test measurement or dimensions of a part
coming in from a supplier.

CHAPTER-2
COMMON DEVICES USED IN POKA-YOKE SYSTEMS
The common devices used in Poka –Yoke systems are:
1. Guide pin
2. Blinking light and Alarms
3. Limit Switches
4. Proximity switches(sensor)
Guide pin:
Guide pins are often used as a means of ensuring the accuracy with which machined
parts are stacked on top of one another. They may also be used as a means of correctly
aligning one component of a two-part system with the other. The pin may actually come in
the form of a bolt with a tapered end or even in the shape of a bullet with the corresponding
piece containing metal or plasticized grommets at every contact point. The grommets would
allow the guide pins to penetrate the secondary component in order to ensure the accurate
configuration of the two parts being put together.
Blinking light and alarm:
Modular design with sturdy housing for all indoor and outdoor applications in tough
conditions wherever machine status needs to be displayed and warning signals given.
Limit Switch:
A limit switch is an electromechanical device that consists of a actuator
mechanically linked with a set of contacts. When any object comes into contact with the
actuator, the device operates the contacts to make or break an electrical connection. Limit
switches are used in a different type of applications and environments because of their
ruggedness, ease of installation, and reliability of operation. Limit Switch can determine the
presence / absence, passing, positioning, and end of travel of an object. Limit switch were
first used to define the limit of travel of an object; hence the name "Limit Switch".
Sensor:

A sensor is a transducer whose purpose is to sense (that is, to detect) some
characteristic of its environs. It detects events or changes in quantities and provides a
corresponding output, generally as an electrical or optical signal; for example, a
thermocouple converts temperature to an output voltage. But a mercury-in-glass thermometer
is also a sensor.
Sensing device are traditionally used in poka-yoke
i. Physical contact device
ii. Energy sensing device
(a) Photo electric Sensor
The transmitter and receiver of the thru-beam sensor and housed in different cases
that are separated from each other the Emitter(E) Transmits directly to the receiver(R). If
object(O) interrupt the light beam, the receiver voltage drop and the switching function is
initiated. The thru-beam sensor are used to monitor production and packing lines to measure
full state in transparent container or as a safety measure for door and hazardous area.
Fig 2.1 : Sensing object interrupts the light
(b)Vibration sensor
Despite the advances made in vibration monitoring and analysis equipment, the
selection of sensors and the way they are mounted on a machine remain critical factors in
Fig 2.2 : Vibration sensor

determining the success of any monitoring program. Money saved by installing inferior
sensors is not a prudent investment since the information provided about the machine of
interest often is not accurate or reliable. Poor quality sensors can easily give misleading data
or, in some cases, cause a critical machine condition to be completely overlooked.

CHAPTER-3
3.1 TYPES OF POKA YOKE
The Poka-Yoke is an innovative technique for to keep away human error at work. A
defect or imperfection exists in either of two states; the defect either has already occurred in
that case calling for defect detection, or is about to occur in that case calling for defects
prediction. The technique starts by analyzing the process for potential problems, identifying
parts by the characteristics of dimension, shape & size and weight, detecting process
deviation from nominal procedures and norms. Depending on the basic functionality Poka-
yoke has three types
1. Shutdown Poka yoke
2. Control Poka yoke
3. Warning Poka yoke
Shutdown (Prevention) Method
In shut down i.e. prevention method Poka-yoke devices checks critical process
parameters and shut down the process when a situation moves out of the tolerance zone, it is
indicates of a defective product has either been produced or is about to be produced.That is
well known note that prevention is always better than cure. By implementing shutdown
method we can assure about 100% defect free products. It has 0 % chances to produced
defective products, up to this level we can reliance on it. E.g. Use of fuse in the electric
circuit. When there is an short circuit then fuse is operated and cut down the supply of
electricity resulting in avoiding any further accidents.
Control method
In control method Poka-yoke devices are regulatory in working which are installed
on process equipment and/or Work pieces which make it impossible to produce defects
and/or to flow a nonconforming product to the next process. As like shut down is an method
control method gives 100% defect free products. The control make certainty that if there is
any defect, it is not coming outside the production line and does not reach to the customer.
E.g. To avoid any wrong job loading in reverse direction on machine we can provide work
rest for the job which will avoid wrong job loading.

Warning (Alert) method
This is the method which makes the operator conscious about something is going
wrong. The Mechanism or simple idea is generated in such a way that Poka-yoke devices
indicate or shows to a worker that a defect has been produced. When operators get such
warning then he must immediately interfere the process to correct the process (es) responsible
for causing the defect. In case of irresponsible behavior of operator irrespective of getting
warning notice the next products will continue the same defect and produce nonconforming
products. In short again warning (alert) method depends on human nature and behavior. It is
concluded that alert method gives 30% of the guarantee of good products. Actually warning
method tells about existence of defect but does not assure and does not produce 100%
quality. The common warning method are use of blinking light and use of beeping sound as
alarm alert. e.g. Beeping sound or flashing of light in ATM machine after removing ATM
card from machine to warn operator that he is safe and ensure that card is not in machine.
Once top management decides to implement TPM culture in organization then to compensate
for defect free products successfully one should follow the methodology of Poka-yoke.
3.2 HOW TO USE IT ?
Step by step process in applying poka-yoke:
1. Identify the operation or process
2. Analyse and understand the ways in which a process can fail.
3. Decide the right Poka-yoke approach, such as using a,
 Shut out Type: Preventing an error being made, or an
 Attention Type: Highlighting that an error has been made.
4. Determine whether a
 Contact Method
 Constant Number or Counting Method
 Motion-Sequence Method
5. Trial the method and see if it works.
6. Train the operator, review performance and measurement success.

CHAPTER-4
4.1 Methodologyof poka yoke
The methodology of poka-yoke are:
1. Identify Problem
2. Observation at workstation
3. Brainstorming for idea
4. Select best idea
5. Implementation Plan and Implementation
6. Monitor and sign off
Step 1: Identify problem
In this stage the complaints coming from the customers (Both internal and external
customer) are collected. The principle of standard is determined by considering various
criteria’s like number of complaints from the customer& PDI( pre dispatch classify), the
quantity of defects detected by quality control, materiality defects (their impact on the
customer, costs, implemented process) and then data is collected broadly. As per analysis all
results of the collected data company plans for developing poka yoke system for the selected
problem. In this way in first stage the problem is selected.
Step 2 : Observation at work stations
In this step the actual on site study of the problem is carried out. The causes behind
the problem are sort out by using fishbone diagram (fishbone diagram is cause and effect
diagram given by Japans management guru Ishikawa).The causes may be related to man skill,
machine, material or method accordingly the complete sorting is carried out.
Step 3: Brainstorming for Idea
This is a technique to capture all creativity and skills of employee’s .In
brainstorming session the problem under study is put forward to committee. Then study
problem given by all members and give various solutions to avoid that defect. As each person
has one uniqueness this step concludes with various alternative solutions for same problem.
Step 4: Select best ideas

After getting all various alternative solutions it is time to select best one out of all
collected solutions. Criteria for selection may be cost, problem create after installation, time
required, changes in existing system, opportunity to develop new solutions, simplicity in
operation etc. By referring all selection criteria’s committee concludes With one best
solution.
Step 5: Implementation plan and implementation
This step is concerned with implementation planning& installation. It deals with
material requirement, processing the material and finally manufactured mechanism is
implemented at actual working site.
Step 6: Monitoring and sign off
The produced products are checked for defects under study also the performance of
poka yoke system is also monitored and project is shut downed.
Fig-4.1 Poka-Yoke System design

4.2 Methods Of Obtaining Poka Yoke
Poka yoke ideas are simple but creative in operation and generation. According to
Shingo [Shingo,1986, p.71], "Defects will never be reduced if the workers involved do not
modify operating methods when defects occur."
Following are some of the simple ideas (hints) to avoid mistakes:
1) Using Shapes and Colours
2) Software Warnings and Reminders
3) Using Dialogue Boxes and Software Checks
4) Using Switches and Automatic Braking
5) Using Checklists
6) Visual Prevention Methods
7) Using Lights, Sounds, Signs and Barriers Etc.

CHAPTER - 5
5.1 Examples of poka yoke
5.1.1 Alarm Systems
They are activated with alarms for security purposes. If an unauthorized person enters
the bank, or the electric circuit of the door bell catches fire, a warning alarm rings, which
ensures that you can take care of the problem before it gets out of hand.
Fig 5.1 Alarm systems
5.1.2 Connector and charger
The figure shows a charger and connector. All the three pins need to fit perfectly
within the three slots provided. This has to be monitored during production. And for that, the
design phase of the product needs to be executed perfectly as well. A slight error in the
calculation of the slot-size or the pin-size can make the device redundant or faulty.

Fig 5.2: Connector and charger
5.1.3 Fingerprint Identification
This is used extensively in biometrics, forensics, detective agencies, etc. Every
fingerprint in the world is unique, no two are ever the same. The device is such that only the
Fig 5.3 : Finger print identification device
fingerprint of that particular person will be required as input. Trying to replicate or
use some one's fingerprint forcibly will not work either.

5.1.4 Dialysis machine
These machines perform the function of the kidneys and are used for patients
suffering from CKD (Chronic Kidney Disorder). An example of a safety device in this
machine is the efficient design of the air bubble detector. This detector must be fully
functional and should ensure that no air bubble passes to the patient's body. If this occurs, the
patient may have seizures and this can prove fatal. Hence, the detector must be equipped with
a proper mechanism to find out the problem, and give out beeps so that proper action can be
taken immediately.
Fig 5.4 Dialysis machine
They are many examples of poka yoke as follows:
 Spindle of CNC machine starts only after closing the safety door. If door is open then
machine will not run. It is shut down poka yoke to avoid accidents.
 The guide pins are used in stamping dies for correct alignment of upper and lower
portion. If there is improper matching assembly of dies will not take place. It is shut
down poka yoke.
 If we want to close any file in operating software (e.g. Microsoft Word) it asks for
save it or cancel dialogue box. This is warning system against by mistake closing of
file. It is warning poka yoke.
 To avoid parallax error in reading the measuring instrument small mirror is placed
below the moving pointer. By referring pointer and its mirror image we can take
proper reading. It is warning poka yoke.

 The socket for USB on the computer is designed in such a way that we can’t connect
pen drive or any corresponding pin in opposite or wrong way. It is control poka yoke
system.
5.2 Case studies
Problem: - Job loading in reverse direction causing job rejection, damage to tool and
machine geometry
Aim: - To ensure correct loading of job
Ideas After Brain Storming:-When problem is taken on the table of brainstorming the
following options are obtained for above mentioned problem
 Use of proximity sensor to detect reverse loading of job.
 Use of photo sensor.
 Instructions to operator.
 Separate fixtures to keep the incoming job to enable operator to load the job correctly.
 Painting the correct and wrong end of job with different colors.
 Use of color sensors to differentiate between correct and wrong end of job.
 To provide work rest for the job.
 To provide mechanical stopper. Etc.
From the analysis of various solutions the meeting concludes that they should go with last
option i.e. to provide mechanical stopper.
Fig 5.5 Poka yoke simple practical implementation

Now they will plan for implementing the selected solution and monitor for the result and
switch over to next problem.
Problem Statement:
The problem in this case was missing metal clips. That component which was to be
punch sometimes sent further for punching operation without conforming all metal Clips are
there its place or not. These were results in wastage of time which indirectly affect
productivity of the plant.
Fig 5.6: Location of metal clips and Punching Location
From chart 1, we can conclude that in each lot of 50 components, we found 2 to 3
components such that metal clips were missed so if we calculate total PPM of the readings,
we get that it was too high which leads to wastage of so much time.
Graph 5.1 : Number of Defects/ 50 Components (6 lots)

Problem Solution:
There is a very smart solution to this problem which is expressed in circuit diagram
below. The main task we have to do is to stop the air flow from the compressor to pneumatic
cylinder if any one of the metal clip is missing.
Lots No. Of
Samples
Missed
Clips
components
PPM
(Before)
PPM
(After)
1 50 2 40000 0
2 50 1 20000 0
3 50 0 0 0
4 50 1 20000 0
5 50 4 80000 0
6 50 3 6000 0
Avg 300 11 36666.6 0

Graph 5.2: Result Before and After
From above table and chart we can see the result we obtained after implementation of the
Poka Yoke concept to the punching machine.

CHAPTER-6
6.1 Challenges And Limitations Of Poka Yoke
As per up till discussion in the paper it seems that poka yoke is one of the best tool
in total quality management but we have to think about the obstacles and challenges against
poka yoke.
Some of challenges are listed below-
1. Practical implementation of the mechanism or solution is not possible.
2. Process parameters don’t allow changing the existing system.
3. Sometimes the poka yoke is not cost effective.
4. Interdepartmental relations between production and quality dept are not good so
each one think that I don’t have to do anything with that issue.
5. Now also we are depending on statistical process control.
6. Expert advice is needed for new creative and challenging tasks .It may happen that
experts are not available with small scale industries and expert advice is not
economical for their financial health.
6.2 Characteristics of good poka-yoke devices
Good poka-yoke devices, regardless of their implementation, share many common
characteristics :
 They are simple and cheap. If they are too complicated or expensive, their use will
not be cost-effective.
 They are part of the process, implementing what Shingo calls "100%" inspection.
 They are placed close to where the mistakes occur, providing quick feedback to
the workers so that the mistakes can be corrected.
 Judged by these criteria, the "small dish" solution to the missing-spring problem is
an excellent poka-yoke device:
 It was simple.
 It was cheap, involving only the cost of a small dish.
 It provided immediate feedback about the quality of the work; corrections could
be made on the spot.

6.3 Qualities of a Good Poka Yoke
A good Poka Yoke must meet the following qualities:
 Early: A good poka yoke must be early in the process, so that it can provide quick
feedback -- and help in detecting mistakes the moment they occur.
 Precise: It should be precise, so that it is easy to diagnose and identify what
mistake occurred.
 Simple: The poka yoke should be simple -- to develop and maintain. This is quite
important since one doesn’t want to spend time and effort in maintaining poka
yokes, and complex poka yokes will have a fairly high chance of becoming
erroneous. Having a buggy poka yoke is worse than having no poka yoke at all.
 Light: The poka yoke needs to be unobtrusive and transparent. If a poka yoke
itself becomes an overhead to the process, then it will drive the developers/users
crazy, and they will find ingenious ways to avoid it all together. For instance,
think about how a developer will feel if he/she has to run a 70 minute pre-commit
script before each and every check-in!

CHAPTER-7
CONCLUSION
To err is human nature so we can’t blame human being for each and every mistake.
As like err, Intelligence is also human nature so we can dominate preceding nature by next
nature. Poka yoke is just a face of that intelligence. We can avoid the mistakes at the source
itself by using above mentioned methodology. About mistake proofing we can say that it is a
system for organizing work that eliminates any chances of error by new user also. It also
allow user to function without mistake or prevent error that are about to occur. In order to
implement quality management system successfully each activity should aim towards
excellence. Poka yoke is one of the most important tool in TQM(Total Quality Management).
Successful poka yoke results in increased productivity with minimum waste (waste due to
rework, scrap) because we are sure about the quality of product, as mistakes are blocked at
source itself. There may be some practical limitations in poka yoke but we have to overcome
all that for achieving the aim of “Zero Defects, Zero Waste and Zero Delays”. In one
sentence poka yoke is launching preventive actions for systematic movement on the success
ladder of QMS(Quality Management System) with higher level of performance and
productivity of system with high quality products at minimum cost.

CHAPTER-8
REFERENCES
1. Ivan Fantin (2014). Applied Problem Solving. Method, Application, root causes,
countermeasures, Poka-Yoke and A3. How to make things happen to solve problems.
Milan, Italy; Create space, an Amazon company. ISBN 9781499122282.
2. Mr Parikshit S. Patil; Mr Sangappa P. Parit; Mr. Y.N. Burali “Poka Yoke: The
Revolutionary Idea In Total Productive Management”
3. Pratik D. Tak, Shravan S. Wagh “Poka Yoke Implementation On Punching Machine:
A Case Study”
4. John R. Grout, and Brian T. Downs; “A Brief Tutorial on Mistake-proofing, Poka-
Yoke, and ZQC”; Lean Business Solutions United States
5. Patel Parikshit K, Vidya Nair, Patel Nikunj S “A Review on use of Mistake Proofing
(Poka Yoke) Tool in Blow Molding Process”
6. Anil S. Badiger, R. Gandhinathan, V. N. Gaitonde, Rajesh S. Jangaler
“Implementation of Kaizen and Poka-yoke to Enhance Overall Equipment
Performance - A case study”
7. M. Dudek-Burlikowska, D. Szewieczek “The Poka-Yoke method as an improving
quality tool of operations in the process”
8. J. Ketola, K. Roberts, Demy stifing ISO 9001:2000 – part 2, „Quality Progress”,
34/10 (2001).
9. Shinto S., Zero Quality Control: Source Inspection and the Poka– Yoke System,

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