1.
in
Silicon
Valley

2. NASA’s Space Technology Program - Development Approach
Idea
Idea
Idea Infusion
Idea
Opportunities
Idea Possible
Solution for NASA
Mission
Visions of the Future
Idea Idea Possible Possible
Solution Solution
Does it WORK?
Is it Flight Ready?
Possible
Directorates,
Idea
Solution Other Govt.
Idea
Idea Agencies, and
Idea Industry
Idea
Industry
Academia
Gov’t
Mature crosscutting capabilities
Creative ideas regarding Prove feasibility of novel, early-stage
that advance multiple future space
future NASA systems or ideas with potential to revolutionize a
missions to flight readiness status
solutions to national needs. future NASA mission and/or fulfill
national need.
8

3. TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION DEFINITION FLOWDOWN
Na$onal
Innova$on
Strategy
NASA
Strategic
Goals
NASA
Grand
Challenges
Space
Technology
Roadmap(s)
IPTs
Proposals,
ARC
Tech
Strategic
(Tech
Wrkg
Projects,
Areas
Ini2a2ves
Grps)
Products

4. NASA’s Space Technology Program
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF TECHNOLOGIST www.nasa.gov/oct 4

6. Developing systems to monitor the health and
performance of NASA personnel and the functional
status of the systems that support them

7. Physiological
Monitoring
of
Astronauts
Biotelemeter implanted in amimals, or
ingested by/attached to astronauts!
TriSponder! senses Body Temperature,!
quickly displays! Blood Pressure, Blood pH,!
Health Status. and Heart Rate.
Transponder relays
biotelemeter signal !
to other monitoring
ECG
devices.
HR 87
Temp 36.8C
pH 7.35
BP 125/80
Physiological! Laptop!
Signal Conditioner! monitors and!
(PSC) acquires ECG,! analyzes!
EEG, EMG, and EOG ! Physiological!
(and other bio- Parameters.!
parameters of interest.!

8. MONITORING Output Module
Temperature Biosensors DEVICE (FHSS
Sensor Transmitter,
Respiration Datalogger,
Display, etc.)
Ingest Battery
able
Sensor Core Module
Pulse
Oximeter Transceiver Modules
Commands
Monitoring
Device
ECG Data & Status
Electrodes
Temp. ECG Bio
ECG Bio
Temp.
ECG Bio
WIRELESS Pulse Oximeter
(Blood Gases)
SENSORS
(Transducer + Signal
Conditioner + Transceiver) Pressure, Core Temp. pH, Calcium, Glucose,...

9. Fetal Biotelemetry System

10. Distributed Environmental and Physiological Monitoring
HMD Environmental
(TBD) SpO2 Monitor (MPM)
(Nonin) • Temp.
• Pressure
• O2
• CO2
ECG
(QRS)
Head Mount
Display
Physiological
Monitor (iPAQ)
• Body Temp.
iPAQ • Blood Pressure
• SpO2
• Respiration
RF • Heart Rate / ECG
(Proxim) • Activity
Space Station / Shuttle Scenario
Server
• Data Display
Server • Data Distribution
Dave Williams • Data Analysis
(Laptop)
Demonstration

11. PEM
Personal
Status
PPM
Comm
Monitor
(PSM)
PCM
Decision
Data
Controller
Assistant
Management
PSM: Personal Status Monitor
PSM: Personal Status Monitor
PA: PreAmplifier S: Sensor
PPM: Personal Physiological Monitor
BT: BlueTooth USB: Universal Systems Buss
PEM: Personal Environmental Monitor
A: Actuator
TM: Telemetry Transmitter Module
PCM: Personal Clinical Monitor
FHSS: Freq. Hopping Spread Spectrum
IR: InfraRed
Mem: Memory TMRx: Telemetry Reveiver

12. Space Station Intranet
Prior System: Smart Health
Optional link to
Intranet
Access
Point
Care Management System
iPAQ SwitchBoard (SHMS)
Wireless LAN
(RL2, 802.11b,
iPAQ Client Bluetooth)
Laptop  Various Data Sources supported
Client (Physiological and Environmental
Sensors, Video (wired/wireless), GPS)
 Various Client Devices supported
Laptop Video (Pocket PCs, HMDs, Laptops, PCs)
Server  Local ad-hoc Networking using iPAQ-
SwitchBoard or Laptop-SwitchBoard
 Ad-hoc Network can be connected to
Intranet as soon as Access Point is in
range, as well as Internet
iPAQ Client with ECG/  Compatible with most Wireless LAN
Resp. Monitor Technologies (RangeLAN2, 802.11b,
iPAQ Client Bluetooth)
with HMD  Low Bandwidth Requirement (128-kbps
iPAQ Client with
GPS-iPAQ
Pulse Oximeter S-Band compatible)
Environmental Monitor  Modular, Flexible, Reliable, and Secure
Downlink
(S-Band or Ku-Band) Internet
Client
Wireless
Video
Server Video
Access Server
Point
Stanford University,
JSC Intranet NASA Ames, .
iPAQ Client

13. LIFEGUARD
LifeGuard Monitoring System - Overview
Nexan ECG/Repsiration Sensor
Nexan Physiological Logger with
Sensor Streaming Capabilities
(CPOD)
Nonin Pulse
BP
Cuff Oximeter (SpO2)
BP
Monitor
Nonin
SpO2
Accutracker II Blood
Pressure Monitor
(flight qualified)
CPOD Data Logger
Base Station
CPOD logs data. Base Station
Download via or
RS-232 or wireless:

14. Non-NASA
Application of SHMS:
Homeland Security
and Defense
NASA DART
Participation

15. Test, Applications, and Integration
Testing, testing, and more testing
INMARSAT
SATELLITE

20. EVA and IVA Physiological Monitoring
• Keep crew safe, healthy, and performing optimally
• Prevent, recognize, diagnose, and treat illness and injury
 IVA – medical exams, exercise, research, fitness evaluations

21. EVA and IVA Physiological Monitoring Requirements
Current
HSIR
requirements
Requirements
(Medical
Opera$ons)
Requirements
(Research)
TABLE 3.10.5.1-1 - MEASUREMENT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Unpressurized and
Ventilation Pressurized Lunar Surface Monitoring
ECG
Minimum
of
2
Holter
Monitor/ Minimum
of
2
Suit Parameter independent
Pressure Operations Operations ECG
independent
channels
for
up
to
channels
for
up
Operations 48-­‐hours
to
48-­‐hours
Breathing gas flow rate (real-time) X X X
Diagnos$c
ECG
12-­‐lead
ECG
for
a
ppO 2 X X Diagnos$c
ECG
12-­‐lead
for
both
minimum
of
10
Oxygen consumption rate (real- 10-­‐30
second
sequen$al
X "snapshot"
mode,
time) minutes
that
and
10-­‐minute
employs
8
Suit pressure (real-time) X X "full
disclosure”
independent
ppCO2 (real-time) X X mode
channels
(using
a
standard
10-­‐
Consumables (power, oxygen, electrode
X X X
water, etc., real-time) configura$on)
Heart
Rate
0-­‐250
beats
per
Thermal loading to each EVA minute
Cardiac
Output
Con$nuous
X
crewmember (calculated) Respiratory
Rate
0-­‐150
breaths
per
cardiac
output
for
Heart rate (real-time) X X minute
up
to
24
hours
Metabolic Rate (calculated) X Con$nuous
Blood
Con$nuous
Blood
Body
Temperature
84.0
°F
to
108.0
°F
Pressure
Pressure
for
up
to
Radiation Exposure Data X 24
hours
Notes: Blood
Pressure
Systolic
60-­‐250
mmHg
Body
84.0
°F
to
108.0
For suited operations, measure the parameters in gray on an individual suit basis. Temperature
°F
Diastolic
30-­‐160
For a single gas environment, ppO2 and total suit pressure are identical values and do not mmHg
require separate sensors. Otherwise
Blood
Oxygen
70-­‐100%
Satura$on

22. The Challenges EVA HR
• Maximize the comfort, ease of use,
reliability, and accuracy
Monitoring
• Minimize the equipment's mass, volume,
Requirements
power, and time for set-up and use
Apollo Shuttle
Sensors
Sensors
Space
Station
Hardware

24. Market
Survey/Lessons
Learned
• Many systems rely on perspiration/moisture
• Nearby EMI can totally disrupt biomedical signals
• Not all systems have local display, ensure data is actually recording
• Have no buttons on the device that can be accidentally toggled
• The sensor is only the front end - many other factors contribute to final
signal quality
• Motion artifact remains one of key problems
• Wireless an option - but many technical issues remain
• Some devices need attention to keeping them in place on the body
• Three considerations for sensor contact to skin
• Placement of sensors sometimes key
• Pick a financially viable company
• Get agreement on the definition of easy to don/doff

26. Future Space Medicine Health Care
• Portability and application of
nano-technology
• Minimally/non-invasive,
efficient diagnostic systems
capable of detecting
abnormal human function
across all body systems
• Health care approaches
capable of therapeutic
intervention for a wide range
of pathological and trauma
scenarios

27. BAN / Wireless monitoring systems
problems for acceptance
Business Applications
BAN
Standards Technology

28. Conclusion
Continue to improve the human to biomedical sensor interface!

29. Business Applications
BAN
Standards Technology