2. Cyclone
ï A cyclone is an area of closed, circular fluid motion rotating in
the same direction as the Earth. This is usually characterized by
inward spiraling winds that rotate anti-clockwise in the
Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere
of the Earth. Most large-scale cyclonic circulations are centered
on areas of low atmospheric pressure. The largest low-pressure
systems are cold-core polar cyclones and extra tropical cyclones
which lie on the synoptic scale. According to the NHC glossary,
warm-core cyclones such as tropical cyclones and subtropical
cyclones also lie within the synoptic scale . Mesocyclones,
tornadoes and dust devils lie within the smaller mesoscale .
3. More information on cyclones
ï Upper level cyclones can exist without the presence of a surface
low, and can pinch off from the base of the Tropical Upper
Tropospheric Trough during the summer months in the Northern
Hemisphere. Cyclones have also been seen on extraterrestrial
planets, such as Mars and Neptune. Cyclogenesis describes the
process of cyclone formation and intensification. Extra tropical
cyclones form as waves in large regions of enhanced mid-latitude
temperature contrasts called baroclinic zones. These
zones contract to form weather fronts as the cyclonic circulation
closes and intensifies. Later in their life cycle, cyclones occlude
as cold core systems. A cyclone's track is guided over the course
of its 2 to 6 day life cycle by the steering flow of the cancer or
subtropical jet stream.
6. Where and when cyclones occur ?
ï Cyclones begin in tropical regions, such as
northern Australia, South-East Asia and many
Pacific islands. They sometimes drift into the
temperate coastal areas, threatening more
heavily populated regions to the South.
Northern Australia has about four or five
tropical cyclones every year during the
summertime wet season. For a cyclone to
develop, the sea surface must have a
temperature of at least 26ÂșC.
7. Damages caused by a Cyclone
ï Cyclones are responsible for large number
of causalities and considerable damage to
property and agricultural crop. The
destruction is confined to the coastal
districts and the maximum destruction
being within 100 km from the centre of
the cyclone and on the right side of the
storm track .
8. Pie graph of American cyclone 1970-1999
percentage
Fresh water flooding
wind
Surf
offshore
tornado
others
surge