African Ideas Future Sat Africa July 2017

2. Modernised human life revolves around the city… • 100 years ago  Less than 20% of people lived in an urban area • 1990  Less than 30% of the global population lived in a city • 2010  Greater than 50% live in an urban area By 2050, this proportion will increase to 70%Source: UN, Department of Economic & Social Affairs, Population Division

3. Africa is also rapidly urbanising • Currently around 40% of Africans live in urban areas. • This equates to roughly 414 Urban Dwellers • Numerous challenges: – Education – Employment – Housing – Infrastructure – Health Care – Transportation – Energy Managing urban areas has become one of the most important developmental challenges of the 21st century. “Our success or failure in building sustainable cities will be a major factor in the success of the post-2015 UN development agenda” John Wilmoth, Director of UN DESA’s Population Division

4. However it is important to understand… Africa is a very large and very complex place with many unique challenges

5. It has a different urbanisation model • Socio-economic conditions in African cities are now the most unequal in the world • This threatens stability, affecting the continuity of African cities as socio-political human ecosystems

6. Growth over next 20 years 1.3bn • Better employment opportunities and a higher quality of living can only be achieved through efficient and effective urban infrastructure. ?

7. Effective Infrastructure in Cities “Amazing places” • Co-ordinating resources to operate effectively • Anticipating problems to resolve them proactively • Leveraging information to make better decisions

8. Smart Cities - Need for an integrated strategy INTEGRATED INFORMATION

9. And Connected Infrastructure

10. And extended Integrated platforms Source: Bosch Internet of Things and Services Lab Through integrated Homes

11. AFRICAN IDEAS SMART CITY CONNECTIVITY FRAMEWORK

12. Administrative systems The City of Cape Town is a global leader with respect to the use of ICT for better management of resources

13. Service Delivery Systems

14. The Internet Of Things

15. Connected Citizens Understand the Impact of cheap consumer grade sensor technology and connected citizens

16. Big Data Source: CISCO

17. • African Ideas is a strategy and innovation company focused on Africa. • Keen interest from local and global private sector companies. • Discussions with local and international academic institutions.

18. To Summarize • Africa – A Rapidly expanding Continent • Urbanisation = rising incomes and better living standards, • Current socio-economic conditions in African cities make it unique in the global context • Traditional methods and approaches are not going to work unless they are fully integrated. • ICT on its own will not do this – • We need an effective and integrated strategy that looks at people, processes and technology across societies. The AFRICAN IDEAS SMART CITY CONNECTIVITY FRAMEWORK has shown potential to provide this integration..

19. We as Africans think outside the Box! Can we work together to provide the connectivity which will enable the reliability and bandwidth required deliver these much needed services?

20. Smart City Connectivity Role of ICT and Smart Infrastructure An African Perspective 20

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More than ever – human life revolves around city life – Cities are ever expanding and urbanising. For the first time ever in the history of the world, the majority of the world's population lives in a city, and this proportion continues to grow. One hundred years ago, 2 out of every 10 people lived in an urban area (20%) By 1990, 40% of the global population lived in a city As of 2010, this has increased to well over half of all people living in urbanised areas. With this rate of increase, It’s estimated that by 2050, this proportion will increase to 7 out of 10 people. Projections show that urbanization combined with the overall growth of the world’s population could add another 2.5 billion people to urban populations by 2050,
Africa is also rapidly urbanising With close to 90 percent of the increase concentrated in countries of the developing regions of Asia and Africa and in this context Its important to realize that Africa is also rapidly urbanising. Currently 40% of Africans live in urban areas – this equates to 414 urban dwellers, slightly less urbanised than China. This rising impact leads to numerous challenges in meeting the needs of growing urban populations including Education, Employment, Housing, infrastructure, Health Care, Transportation & energy Managing urban areas has become one of the most important developmental challenges of the 21st century. “Our success or failure in building sustainable cities will be a major factor in the success of the post-2015 UN development agenda,” said John Wilmoth, Director of UN DESA’s Population Division.
However it is important to understand Africa in terms of continental size is comparatively large And distinctly diversified with many unique challenges. While we know that urbanisation has been associated with improved human development, rising incomes and better living standards, For Africa: Rapid urbanisation has the risk of becoming more of a burden than an opportunity.
It has a different Urbanisation Model Why do I say this? “Socio-economic conditions in African cities are now the most unequal in the world” 72% of urban dwellers live in slums within the cities – An estimated 45 billion dollars is spent per year on infrastructure & $93 billion is required annually to meet its funding needs. This threatens stability, affecting the continuity of African cities as socio-political human ecosystems
GROWTH With the developing world urban population, expected to jump by more than 1.3 billion over the next two decades, there may not be sufficient infrastructure for growth. The implication, is therefore, that urban planners have to build and maintain infrastructure that keeps up with this growth. Economic Development also needs to compliment the infrastructure with value added services to maintain this sustained growth Better employment opportunities and a higher quality of living can only be achieved through efficient and effective urban infrastructure.
Cities are a microcosm of all the major challenges and opportunities facing the planet today— Only intensified and accelerated. Man-made systems all come together and interact with one another, This helps in: Co-ordinating resources to operate effectively Anticipating problems to resolve them proactively Leveraging information to make better decisions E.g. CoCT electricity department = R8b and the CoCT budget = R30b – each department can be run independently But can we make them better – Smarter?
Yes, through technology: Technology helps cities run more effectively – This should ideally be done through an integrated strategy – Which has to be integrated across government, citizens and the economy to truly delivery on the transformative potential of broadband and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Broadband and effective connected ICT therefore has a critical role to play to make our Cities work. The key objectives for ICT includes: The use of ICT to improve the efficiency of the administration of the municipality. The uses of ICT to better communicate with and deliver services to citizens and businesses. The use of ICT to bring about social and economic development in these cities Integrated information is therefore critical in City Management
But also requires an effective connected infrastructure In the future everything in a city, from the electricity grid, to the sewer pipes to roads, buildings and cars will be connected to the network. Buildings will turn off the lights for you, self-driving cars will find you that sought-after parking space and even the rubbish bins will be smart. The city becomes a living laboratory for smart technologies that can handle all major systems - water, transport, security, garbage, green buildings, clean energy, and more. We already are familiar with CCTV cameras being deployed for traffic management and safety & security. Increasingly intelligent sensors are being deployed for a wide range of city related services traffic management, dam level monitoring, environmental monitoring, pollution management, fire detection, electricity grid management, busses, etc.
HOMES Connected Homes… Whether as part of housing clusters or new developments – embedding smart technology e.g. safety and security, selling services on top of the offerings such as monitoring of cameras, internet access, control and management of information (smart and real time) – access from mobile devices = Value Add INTEGRATED PLATFORMS Describing a smart city as an urban area where multiple sectors cooperate to achieve sustainable outcomes, Gartner said IoT would facilitate sharing real-time information specifically. As majority of IoT spending for smart cities will come from the private sector, TSPs will benefit with shorter procurement cycles than the public sector. IoT is a network of objects or things embedded with electronics, software, sensors and connectivity to enable it to achieve greater value and services by exchanging data with manufacturer, operator and other connected devices. Identifiable through embedded computing system, each thing (device) can interoperate within the internet infrastructure. IoT has the ability to transfer data over network without human or computer interaction or interface.
African Ideas has developed a framework outlining the key issues that need to be considered when utilising ICT to drive effective and efficient administration in a city. To increase Value & Impact (main outcome) Key to this framework is understanding the transformative potential of ICT across the organisation and the understanding of increasing impact on citizens as the organisation moved from an inward, administrative focus, to a more external citizen (and service delivery focus). Challenge is that government not integrated and therefore unable to access information due to different technology and standards All tech smart integration requires the same standards – we are currently working with the City to understand and develop common tech platform and to interoperate – not vendor specific but conform to common standards – this is an area we would be willing to engage on
The City of Cape Town is a global leader with respect to the use of ICT for better management of resources and a good example of what is possible with a co-ordinated and integrated strategy. While there are examples of other local authorities also having successful initiatives, there very few examples of the comprehensive & integrated approach taken by Cape Town Technology deals with tangible benefits Biometric system (integrating leave) – HR has said since system was implemented there has been 30% more productivity – City salary budgets alone = R250m Cash position – shows that City moved from a –B credit rating to an A+: 2003 =R250m ICT interventions and in 2 years = over R2b Dips depict the planned loans, which were not taken up
Service delivery faults are green (dealt with), amber (allocated but not dealt with) and red (not dealt with) Land use management (one integrated systems, built strategically) Different views of information – environmental management (water and electricity) Project Epic – now also integrating the transport system – public transport and allowing citizen engagement
Over a billion devices will connect people at homes and offices through the Internet of Things (IoT), making people and cities smart, global technology research firm Gartner. "The IoT will connect 1.1 billion devices in smart cities this year and a whopping 9.7 billion devices by 2020, while smart homes will lead with 294 million connected devices in 2015," said a report titled 'Smart cities will include 10 billion things by 2020'.
Linking back to the African Ideas Framework the following are trends that are emerging: Connected citizens Big data Traditional business model under threat African Ideas adapted the UN Stages of e-Government model, to outline a new emerging model that points to citizens getting their own powerful platforms and how any strategy needs to take this into account. who have having powerful platforms of their own Air quality control – costs a few $ and connects to home wifi Govt has no control Citizens generate their own data
Big data or Big brother (power & control) Big data is very important, and is going to be very valuable. This is a major theme of this conference. Big data is often referred to as the “new oil” or the “Oil of the internet age”. And this is potentially a very valuable analogy. We also understand that in the fast moving consumer goods environment that the monetisation of this data is of paramount importance. And yet it is precisely this “new oil” analogy and slides such as this one that concern civic activists. Big data or Big brother (power & control) Access (usage rights & obligations) Open data Information transparency Privacy Security Ethics Etc.
African Ideas is developing an African focussed lab and incubator focussing on technology and urbanisation We would welcome the cities and the vendors here to engage/ partner with us around this very important initiative aimed at finding African solutions to African problems Key is to understand government and their role, policies and processes Bringing together govt, private and citizens to work towards a common goal Understanding the value of the academic sector and the resources/ knowledge management available Education is a key factor in providing the required skills, online courses are important for this Accreditation is a big factor in SA
Africa is rapidly urbanising – like the rest of the world Across the world, urbanisation has been associated with improved human development, rising incomes and better living standards, However currently socio-economic conditions in African cities are the most unequal in the world. Our infrastructure backlogs are scary. Revenues are shrinking, customers are looking at renewables & more flexible options while (in Africa), infrastructure demands are increasing. Traditional methods and traditional approaches are not going to work. We need to do things radically different. However ICT on its own will not do this – need an effective and integrated strategy that looks at people, processes and technology across society.
Culture of innovation despite lack of resources

African Ideas Future Sat Africa July 2017

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